Wind effects on noise propagation for complicated geographical and road configurations

Outdoor propagation from roads is influenced by wind, temperature and humidity. It is necessary to predict wind effects to simulate long-term environmental noise accurately. Noise levels have been measured in conjunction with wind speed and wind direction measurements. These noise levels showed noticeable daily changes. Excess attenuations of noise levels were found to depend on the vector wind (U_vec). By relating the vector wind and observed sound attenuations under all wind conditions, the influence of wind can be more accurately predicted for purposes of simulating noise propagation.     

Long-Distance Transmission at Zero Dispersion: Exact Expressions for One-Time Statistical Properties

We study the transmission of a signal through a dispersionless fiber with in-line amplifiers. The nonlinearities of the fiber and the noise generated at each amplifier are taken into account. Exact analytical expressions are obtained for the field averages. From these results we obtain the distributed amplification approximation, and study the conditions under which this approximation is valid.     

Frequency– and Time-domain BEM Analysis of Rigid Track on a Half-Space with Vibration Barriers

The rapid development of high-speed trains like the TGV or the ICE in recent years results in high dynamic loads causing vibrations which propagate from the train-track structure into the ground and further into nearby buildings. In this context it is important to develop rigid tracks with improved dynamic behaviour and to investigate possible means of vibration reduction. The boundary element method in frequency and time domain is used to simulate train-track structures subjected to dynamic loading and the reduction of vibrations which for instance can be achieved via a trench running parallel to the rigid track. In this context the non-causality error, which arises when the time-domain BEM algorithm is applied to mathematically concave domains, is discussed and the substructure method is proposed as a solution to this problem. A two-layered cylindrical elastic structure on a half-space with a trench is added as an example of a possible application.     

Nonlinear optical properties of C<Subscript>60</Subscript> with explicit time-dependent electron dynamics

An explicit electron dynamics approach has been used to calculate the nonlinear optical properties of C₆₀ and its radical anion. An external perturbation, in the form of an oscillating electric field, induces the time-evolution of the molecular wavefunction. The time-averaged instantaneous dipole moment of the systems gives the molecular response to perturbations of varying field intensities and frequency of oscillation. The polarizabilities and the second-order hyperpolarizabilties have been calculated and are in good qualitative agreement with experimentally available data. In line with previous theoretical and experimental studies, the nonlinear effect is enhanced for the radical species. Contribution to the Fernando Bernardi Memorial Issue.     

HL-2M 主机抗扭转支撑结构计算分析

根据通电的环向场(TF)线圈在磁场作用下将产生侧向力和径向力,提出了抗扭转支撑结构方案。该方案能够降低这两种力对 TF 线圈的影响,并且保证线圈连接面的紧密接触和绝缘层不会发生相对错动。对抗扭转支撑结构进行计算分析,确定该结构的受力方式以及传力路径。结果表明,在实验运行以及极端工况下结构的应力、位移能够到达设计要求,通过疲劳计算得出抗扭转支撑结构能满足 20 年以上的实验运行,能够保证 HL-2M装置安全、平稳和可靠的运行。      

Dynamics of a stochastic rumor propagation model incorporating media coverage and driven by Lévy noise

With the development of information technology, rumors propagate faster and more widely than in the past. In this paper, a stochastic rumor propagation model incorporating media coverage and driven by Lévy noise is proposed. The global positivity of the solution process is proved, and further the basic reproductive number R₀ is obtained. When R₀ < 1, the dynamical process of system with Lévy jump tends to the rumor-free equilibrium point of the deterministic system, and the rumor tends to extinction; when R₀ > 1, the rumor will keep spreading and the system will oscillate randomly near the rumor equilibrium point of the deterministic system. The results show that the oscillation amplitude is related to the disturbance of the system. In addition, increasing media coverage can effectively reduce the final spread of rumors. Finally, the above results are verified by numerical simulation.     

Viewing the noise propagation mechanism in a unidirectional transition cascade from the perspective of stability

Noise and noise propagation are inevitable and play a constructive role in various biological processes. The stability of cell homeostasis is also a critical issue. In the unidirectional transition cascade of colon cells, stem cells (SCs) are the source. They differentiate into transit-amplifying cells (TACs), and TACs differentiate into fully differentiated cells (FDCs). Two differentiation processes are irreversible. The stability factor is introduced so that the noise propagation mechanism from the perspective of stability is studied according to the noise propagation formulas. It is found that the value of the stability factor corresponding to the minimum noise in FDCs may be the best choice to enable colon cells to maintain high stability and low noise of the cascade. Moreover, for the source cell, the total noise only includes intrinsic noise; for the downstream cell with self-proliferation capability, the total noise mainly depends on its intrinsic noise and transmitted noise from upstream cells, and its intrinsic noise is dominant. For the downstream cell without self-proliferation capability, the total noise is mainly determined by transmitted noises from upstream cells, and there is a minimum value. This work provides a new approach for studying the mechanism of noise propagation while considering the stability of cell homeostasis in biological systems.     

复杂网络上的意见动力学对谣言传播的影响

通过在SIR(susceptible-infected-recovered)模型中引入抑制者对谣言的辟谣机制研究了在线社交网络上的意见动力学对谣言传播的影响.在这一模型中,节点可以与自身的邻居组成1个群,传播者可以通过该群传播信息,抑制者也可以在此群中对信息发表意见进行辟谣.辟谣机制在降低未知者对于谣言的接受概率的同时也可以促使传播者向抑制者转变.本文采用ER(Erd?s-Rényi)随机网络、无标度网络以及真实的社交网络研究了抑制者的沉默概率对于谣言传播范围的影响.首先发现,谣言传播的过程以传播者的峰值为界可以分为两个阶段,即谣言自由传播的前期以及抑制者和传播者互相制衡的后期;其次,谣言的传播会随着抑制者的沉默概率的增大而突然暴发.在谣言暴发阈值之下,沉默概率的增大不会导致谣言传播范围显著增大,这是由于未知者在感知到谣言并转变为传播者后又迅速转变为抑制者;而当沉默概率达到谣言暴发阈值时,抑制者将不能控制传播者对谣言的传播从而导致抑制者的降低和谣言的暴发;最后,无标度上的谣言自由传播的前期阶段比随机网络持续的时间更短,从而使无标度上的谣言更难以暴发.本文的模型综合考虑了意见动力学和谣言传播的相互作用,更加真实地模拟了真实世界社交网络中的谣言传播过程.为谣言传播的控制和干预提供了一些有用的思路和见解.     

Environmentally benign green composites based on epoxy resin/bacterial cellulose reinforced glass fiber: Fabrication and mechanical characteristics

Bio-based bacterial cellulose (BC) epoxy composites were manufactured and their mechanical properties were examined. The BC was initially fabricated from Vietnamese nata de coco by means of alkaline pretreatment followed by solvent exchange. The obtained fibers were dispersed in epoxy resin (EP) by both mechanical stirring and ultrasonic techniques. The resulting blend was used as the matrix for glass-fiber (GF) composite fabrication using a prepreg method followed by multiple hot-press-curing steps. The morphology, mechanical characteristics and mode-I interlaminar fracture toughness of the fabricated composites were investigated. With a 0.3-wt% BC content, the mode-I interlaminar fracture toughness for both crack initiation and crack propagation were improved by 128.8% and 1110%, respectively. The fatigue life was dramatically extended by a factor of 12, relative to the unmodified composite. Scanning electron microscopy images revealed that the BC plays a vital role in increasing the interlaminar fracture toughness of a GF/EP composite via the mechanisms of crack reflection, debonding and fiber-bridging.