风沙流对高压绝缘子电位和电场分布的影响

研究风沙流对高压绝缘子电位和电场分布的影响,基于有限体积法建立绝缘子风沙气固两相流模型和风沙天气下绝缘子的风-沙-电耦合场模型,计算不同风沙天气下绝缘子表面沙尘的空间分布和沉积及其对绝缘子沿面电位和电场的影响,结果表明：风沙天气下绝缘子沿面电位和电场畸变受风速和粒径影响显著,电位的畸变幅度随风速和粒径的增加而升高,电场的畸变幅度随风速和粒径的增大而减少;风沙天气下绝缘子表面不同的沙尘空间分布和沉积导致绝缘子不同位置沿面电位和电场畸变不同.     

Numerical Simulation of the Formation of Granular Shock Wave Over Cylindrical Obstacle

A two dimensional (2‐D) stream of granular flow with zero initial granular temperature passing over a cylindrical obstacle is simulated by means of both molecular dynamics (MD) simulation and finite volume method (FVM). In experiments, a bow‐shaped shock wave with higher area fraction forms in front of the obstacle that was reproduced in our simulations. Due to the different circumstances to which particles are subjected, the granular flow is divided in two zones. One is undisturbed where quantities, such as space fraction (volume fraction for 3‐D and area fraction for 2‐D geometries), velocity and granular temperature are uniformly distributed and the other is called the shock wave zone. In this region, the values of the space fraction increases and the velocity of particles changes. From the MD simulation, it is found that the area fraction of the shock wave depends on surface roughness, coefficient of restitution (COR) of particles, the obstacle diameter as well as velocity of the granular stream, and a triangular region forms with almost zero velocity, and granular temperature forms in front of the cylindrical obstacle. The bigger is the size of the obstacle, the more stable this region is. In FVM simulations solid phase velocity and area fraction distributions similar to the MD simulation results are obtained for proper parameters.     

Hybrid grid generation for viscous flow analysis

Cartesian grid with cut‐cell method has drawn attention of CFD researchers owing to its simplicity. However, it suffers from the accuracy near the boundary of objects especially when applied to viscous flow analysis. Hybrid grid consisting of Cartesian grid in the background, body‐fitted layer near the object, and transition layer connecting the two is an interesting alternative. In this paper, we propose a robust method to generate hybrid grid in two‐dimensional (2D) and three‐dimensional (3D) space for viscous flow analysis. In the first step, body‐fitted layer made of quadrangles (in 2D) or prisms (in 3D) is created near the object's boundary by extruding front nodes with a speed function depending on the minimum normal curvature obtained by quadric surface fitting. To solve global interferences effectively, a level set method is used to find candidates of colliding cells. Then, axis‐aligned Cartesian grid (quadtree in 2D or octree in 3D) is filled in the rest of the domain. Finally, the gap between body‐fitted layer and Cartesian grid is connected by transition layer composed of triangles (in 2D) or tetrahedrons (in 3D). Mesh in transition layer is initially generated by constrained Delaunay triangulation from sampled points based on size function and is further optimized to provide smooth connection. Our approach to automatic hybrid grid generation has been tested with many models including complex geometry and multi‐body cases, showing robust results in reasonable time. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Fuzzy logic control of electrodynamic levitation devices coupled to dynamic finite volume method analysis

Electrodynamic levitation devices, which utilizing eddy currents induced in the levitated item to produce the repulsive force, are being involved in many engineering applications due to its fast response. This kind of repulsion is particularly used in electromagnetic launcher, electromagnetic brake and other applications. To analyze and improve the dynamic behavior and performances of such devices, the conventional way is using the finite element method (FEM), due to its ability of using adaptive mesh to handle complex geometries. Nevertheless, it has a serious limitation in efficiency for large number of variables which is reflected by the high cost in terms of computational properties. During the past few years, the finite volume method FVM formulations have gained attention inside the electromagnetic community. The method has been proved its effectiveness in the solution of different kinds of problems, such as in magnetostatic field computation and eddy current nondestructive testing. The FVM method is particularly attractive thanks to its small required storage memory and reduced CPU time. In this paper an FVM model is developed to analyze the dynamic characteristic of the motion of the electrodynamic levitation device TEAM Workshop Problem 28. The dynamic characteristic of the motion is obtained by solving the electromagnetic equation coupled to the mechanical one. The repulsive force applied to the levitated plate of TEAM Workshop Problem 28, is computed by the interaction between eddy current induced in the plate and the magnetic flux density. A comparison between experimental and numerical results is carried out to show the efficiency of the developed model. What’s more, based on the developed FVM model, a fuzzy logic controller FLC is designed and implemented to control the position of the levitated item.     

基于混合方法的二维水力压裂数值模拟

水力压裂在页岩气开采中被广泛使用,采用数值方法研究压裂机理具有重要意义.基于连续-非连续单元法(CDEM) 和中心型有限体积法(FVM),提出解决水力压裂流固耦合问题的二维混合数值计算模型.该混合模型中,使用CDEM 求解应力场和裂缝扩展过程,使用FVM 求解裂隙渗流场.应力场裂缝扩展和渗流场均使用显式迭代求解, 并通过相互之间数据交换实现流固耦合.通过与KGD 理论模型进行对比, 验证数值模型的正确性.通过与颗粒离散元数值结果进行对比,验证数值模型的有效性.通过计算复杂缝网压裂模型,研究水力压裂机理,并说明该数值模型在水力压裂模拟中具有很好的前景.      

分流河道淤积与洞庭湖萎缩对长江洪灾的影响

1998年长江流域的特大洪水灾害表明，目前长江流域防洪体系在面临特大洪水时仍然显得比较脆弱．以长江中下游荆江洞庭湖地区为背景，运用有限体积计算方法建立了一维河道和二维湖泊交错的复杂水系洪水演进数值模型，细致分析了由于分流河道淤积以及洞庭湖萎缩对长江洪灾的影响．得出长江分流河道和洞庭湖由于泥沙淤积产生的萎缩将造成长江干流河道洪水期间水位抬升，从而加重长江的洪水灾害．其结论可为长江中下游地区的洪水治理提出建设性意见．     

非定常跨音速流显式与隐式数值分析方法的比较研究

分别运用显式有限体积法与隐式LU-NND方法在同一网格与相同参数条件下对NACA0012翼型跨音速振荡绕流进行了数值分析。并就两种方法的计算结果、计算效率、对计算机内存的要求以及对网格质量的敏感性等做了对比研究。     

数值研究Sanida火焰D中辐射热的影响

为了考察湍流燃烧过程中的辐射热影响,数值模拟了Sanida火焰D,其中湍流流动采用多时间尺度(MTS)k-ε湍流模型模拟,燃烧过程采用概率密度函数(PDF)方法和拉格朗日火焰面模型(LFM)以及详细化学反应机理GRI3．0联合的方法模拟,辐射换热采用有限体积(FVM)联合关联k分布模型模拟。计算结果和实验数据的比较发现虽然相对于燃烧热,辐射热是一个小量,但是考虑了辐射热影响以后,模拟结果大有改进。针对该现象,我们给出的解释是由于在湍流燃烧过程中,湍流过程,燃烧过程以及辐射换热过程三者是强耦合的,湍流作用很可能会将辐射换热作用放大,因此,对于燃烧过程的详细数值模拟,建议考虑辐射换热的影响。     

Numerical simulation with a TVD–FVM method for circular cylinder wake control by a fairing

A water drop-shaped fairing is applied to control the wake behind a circular cylinder and to suppress the formation of Karman vortex street in this paper. The results are evaluated using high resolution CFD technique. A finite-volume total variation diminishing (TVD) approach based upon the recently proposed elemental velocity vector transformation (EVVT) method, which aims at solving the incompressible turbulent flow for irregular boundary conditions with renormalization group (RNG) turbulence model, is used to simulate the flow field around circular cylinder systems. The calculations are carried out with cylinder systems with and without fairings, while the fairings have different top shape angles within the range of $30°~90°$. The Reynolds number ranges from 1000 to 50 000. It is shown that the simulation results of present numerical method reaches good agreement with the available experimental and numerical simulation data of typical circular cylinder flow and a fixed fairing cylinder system flow. Compared with bare cylinder, the faired bluff structures can obviously reduce the lift and drag forces and alter the vortex shedding frequency. Overall, the mean drag coefficient can be reduced up to about (10–31)% and the RMS lift coefficient can be reduced up to (30–99)% for all faired systems at given Reynolds numbers. The influence of Reynolds number and attack angles on the flow field characters of bare cylinder and faired cylinders is also discussed. The faired structures with shape angles within $30°~45°$under zero-attack-angle-inflow case are considered as the optimal structures, with which the mean drag coefficient and the RMS lift coefficient can be reduced up to (26–31)% and (98–99)%, respectively. Considering the influence of attack angles on lift and drag coefficients reduction, 75° shaped faired structure may be taken as a proper option.     

明渠条件下单丁坝绕流特征的数值模拟Numerical simulations of flows around a single spur dike in an open channel

丁坝结构广泛应用于水利工程中,用以调整水流和护滩固堤,维护优良的水道通航条件。针对单丁坝局部水流,基于非结构网格,采用有限体积法（FVM ）,建立了三维自由表面水流模型,湍流模型采用S‐A一方程模型。针对非淹没、正挑单丁坝,开展了系列 Fr数条件下的水流模拟。重点分析丁坝局部流动结构,探讨丁坝坝根处局部涡系演化等特征,研究了丁坝下游回流区长度和宽度的变化,总结了丁坝引起的剪切流的沿程变化特征。