Dynamic Modeling of the Feed Drive System of a CNC Metal Cutting Machine

Studying the vibrational behavior of feed drive systems is important for enhancing the structural performance of computer numerical control (CNC) machines. The preload on the screw and nut position have a great influence on the vibration characteristics of the feed drive as two very important operational conditions. Rotational acceleration of the screw also affects the performance of the CNC feed drive when machining small parts. This paper investigates the influence of preload and nut position on the vibration characteristics of the feed drive system of a CNC metal cutting machine in order to be able to eliminate an observed resonance occurred at high rotational speeds of the screw, corresponding to high feed rates. Additionally, rational structural parameters of the feed drive system are selected in order to increase the rotational acceleration for improving the performance of the CNC machine. Experiments and analyses showed that by selecting specific parameters of feed drive system and simultaneously applying a certain value of preload, a 97% increase in rotational acceleration and 30% time reduction considering the vibration resistance at high rotational speeds can be achieved.     

Experimental study on age and gender differences in microscopic movement characteristics of students

Campus security has aroused many concerns from the whole society. Stampede is one of the most frequent and influential accidents in campus. Studies on pedestrian dynamics especially focusing on students are essential for campus security, which are helpful to improve facility design and emergency evacuation strategy. In this paper, primary and middle school students were recruited to participate in the single-file experiments. The microscopic movement characteristics,including walking speed, headway, gait characteristics(step length, step frequency and swaying amplitude) and their relations were investigated. Age and gender differences in the headway-speed diagram and space requirements were analyzed by statistical tests. The results indicated that the impacts of age and gender were significant. There were three stages for the influence of gender on the headway-speed diagram for both age groups. The impacts on students' space requirements were consistent for different age and gender groups. But the impacts of age and gender on free-flow speed were affected by each other. Due to the connection of walking speed and gait characteristics, the comparisons of gait characteristics between different ages and genders were performed to understand the corresponding differences in speed more deeply. The results showed that differences in step length and swaying amplitude between males and females were significant for both age groups. The effect of gender on step frequency was significant for primary students. But for middle school students,whether gender had significant impact on step frequency was not clear here because of the large P-value. Besides, the influence of age on gait characteristics changed with gender.     

Bi2S3纳米带的制备及其谱学性能研究

以硝酸铋、硫代乙酰胺和氨三乙酸等为原料,利用水热法在180℃下反应12h得到Bi2S3纳米带.X射线粉末衍射结果表明产物对应于正交晶相的Bi2 S3(JCPDS:17-320),晶胞参数为a=1.110 6 nm,1,b=1.099 3 nm,c=O.389 2 nm,与文献报道值(a=1.114 9nm ,b=1.1304 nm,c=O.3981 nm)基本一致;通过透射电镜观察其形貌为均匀的带状,宽约100 nm;高分辨透射电镜照片显示晶体沿y轴优先生长;通过对x射线光电子能谱分析得到Bi和S的原子个数比例约为2:3,与目标产物Bi2 S3的计量比一致;测试显示Bi2S3纳米带的拉曼吸收峰出现在195 cm-1处,与块体Bi2s3(236 cm-1)相比,其吸收峰红移了41 cm-1,体现了纳米材料的表面效应.紫外-可见吸收光谱研究发现Bi2S3纳米带在450nm左右有吸收,计算得到Eg约为1.58 eV(块体Bi2S3的巨为1.3 eV),在光电领域有潜在的应用价值.     

FTIR结合生理特性研究镉胁迫对果灰藓的影响

苔藓植物可作为监测环境中重金属污染的指示植物。以苔藓植物果灰藓为实验材料,用不同浓度的重金属镉处理7 d后,借助傅里叶红外光谱法(FTIR)分析重金属镉胁迫下果灰藓各化学成分的变化,同时测定可溶性糖(SS)、可溶性蛋白(Pr)、丙二醛(MDA)含量在镉胁迫下的生理指标。结果表明：随着镉处理浓度的升高,可溶性糖含量和可溶性蛋白含量呈现先上升后下降的趋势,丙二醛含量先下降后上升。FTIR与果灰藓响应重金属镉胁迫的各生理指标变化趋势较一致,且FTIR比传统的生理指标测定更敏感、便捷。因此,FTIR可以作为研究苔藓植物应用于环境重金属污染监测的一种快速、有效的方法。     

ICP-AES检测云南稻核心种质矿质元素含量的地带性特征

采用电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法(ICP-AES)测定了云南省5个稻作区16个州市的789份地方水稻糙米中的八种矿质元素, 该方法简单快速、灵敏度高、准确性好和多元素同时测定, 加标回收率为97.1%～110.2%, RSD为0.7%～4.4%。结果表明: 糙米元素含量(mg·kg-1)依次为P(3834.83±486.49)>K(2567.72±336.74)>Mg(2567.72±336.74)>Ca(153.67±55.90)>Zn(33.35±13.65)>Fe(32.08±25.51)>Cu(14.22±11.85)>Mn(13.58±3.22); 世界生物多样性最丰富及有色金属富集的滇西北糙米P含量高,早寒武纪动物群及磷矿富集的滇中糙米Ca,Mg,Fe和Zn含量高,作物多样性突出的滇西南糙米Cu和Mn含量高; 糙米高磷钾、中钙镁锰和低铁锌分布区是世界生物多样性最丰富及矿产资源富集区。首次提出云南糙米矿质元素含量的地带性特征与生物多样性中心、矿产资源富集区、生命起源及其山脉、河流有关;进一步推断地球矿质元素分布不均匀性及其山脉、河流的相互作用是生命起源的关键。文章研究为解决人类Fe,Zn和Ca等矿质营养不良和生命起源问题以及功能稻米育种生产提供参考。     

翼片加载螺旋线慢波结构的螺旋带模型

翼片加载螺旋线慢波结构广泛应用于大功率、宽频带行波管中。建立了翼片加载螺旋线慢波结构的螺旋带模型,得到了实用的色散方程、耦合阻抗和衰减常数的表达式。利用导出的方程对实际行波管的螺旋慢波结构进行计算,并与测量结果和导电面模型进行了比较,计算结果与测量结果具有良好的一致性。分析了不同管壳半径对色散特性的影响。     

具有双陷波特性的超宽带天线设计

设计了一款基于共面波导馈电的小型化具有双陷波特性的超宽带天线,该天线的带宽在3～14 GHz内,电压驻波比(VSWR)小于2。在辐射贴片上通过开L型和半圆环缝隙实现了在3.3～3.7 GHz和5.150～5.825 GHz的双频段的陷波特性,抑制了802.16无线城域网和无线局域网对超宽带系统的干扰,在整个工作频段具有稳定的增益和良好的全向性。通过对天线模型进行加工制作并测量,测试结果表明：天线的带宽是3～14 GHz,在3.3～3.7 GHz和5.15～5.825 GHz频段内VSWR大于4,实现了天线的双陷波特性。该天线尺寸小、结构紧凑的特点,适合现代的无线通信系统。     

高功率激光系统nm宽带激光脉冲传输特性

对高功率激光系统采用宽带激光消除菲涅耳衍射问题进行了研究,指出只有数百nm的宽带啁啾光脉冲才对近场衍射有一定的平滑作用,数nm的宽带啁啾光脉冲对近场衍射几乎没有平滑作用;同时,还对宽带啁啾光的B积分表征方式和最快增长频率问题进行了研究,并与原型装置上开展的窄带脉冲、宽带啁啾堆积脉冲的非线性实验结果进行了对比研究,指出以最大B积分或加权B积分反映非线性自聚焦更为准确。研究还表明,在数nm,ns情况下最快增长频率与窄带激光脉冲的差别不大。     

3 MV多级多通道缩比开关自击穿特性

通过短接电极间隙,开展了3 MV多级多通道缩比开关不同间隙级数和单独触发间隙的自击穿特性分析,结果表明：自击穿电压随电极间隙距离不是线性增加,与Bradley经验公式存在差距。采用Ansoft软件模拟了实验开关不同级数的电场分布,得到不同级数开关电场分布的不均匀系数。结合缩比开关自击穿实验数据、Bradley经验公式和电场分布不均匀系数,在Bradley经验公式中加入开关作用时间因素和电场不均匀系数,得到一个Bradley外推公式,能较好地反应多级多通道气体开关的自击穿电压,使3 MV实际开关自击穿电压理论值与实验值误差减小到5%。     

单源单极等离子体天线辐射特性实验研究

为了对等离子体天线进行更深入的研究,必须结合实验获得其真实辐射特性,为此搭建了天线辐射特性测量平台,对单源单极等离子体天线的辐射特性进行了详细的实验研究。通过测量辐射远场区接收天线感应电压数据,得出了天线的辐射方向图、主旁瓣宽度和方向系数;通过与金属天线的辐射场最大值对比,得出了天线的辐射效率;通过测量输入功率和反射功率得出了天线的输入阻抗。此项工作弥补了在等离子体天线研究中实验研究不足的问题。