Mn, Cr-co-doped MgAl2O4 phosphors for white LEDs

The Mn-, Cr-doped and Mn, Cr-co-doped MgAl₂O₄ powders have been synthesized via a gel-solid reaction method. Energy transfer from Mn²⁺ to Cr³⁺ has been observed for the first time in the co-doped MgAl₂O₄ phosphors. When excited with blue light with a wavelength of 450 nm at room temperature, both green emission from Mn²⁺ around 520 nm and red emission from Cr³⁺ around 675and 693 nm were generated. Moreover, the color of the emission can be modified by controlling the doping concentrations of Mn²⁺ and Cr³⁺. Therefore, MgAl₂O₄: Mn²⁺, Cr³⁺ could be used as a single-phased phosphor for white LED with a blue LED chip. The energy transfer in terms of Mn²⁺ to Cr³⁺ is determined by means of radiation and reabsorption.     

Yb effect on the spectroscopic properties of Er-Yb codoped SnO2 thin films

We have investigated the optical properties of sol-gel thin films of tin dioxide (SnO₂) codoped with Er³⁺-Yb³⁺ as a function of Yb³⁺ concentration. The Judd-Ofelt model has been applied to absorption intensities of Er³⁺ (4f¹¹) transitions to establish the so-called Judd-Ofelt intensity parameters: Ω₂, Ω₄, Ω₆. Various spectroscopic parameters were obtained to evaluate their dependence and the potential of the samples as a laser material in the eye-safe laser wavelength (1.53 μm) as a function of Yb³⁺ concentration. An amelioration of the quality factor Ω₄/Ω₆ was found with Yb content. Both the IR photoluminescence (PL) intensity and the up-conversion emission, from Er³⁺ ion in SnO₂, were found to increase with Yb concentration. We show that the Yb³⁺ ion acts as sensitizer for Er³⁺ ion and contributes largely to the improvement of the spectroscopic properties of SnO₂:Er. The mechanism of up-conversion emission is discussed and a model is proposed. The results showed that sol-gel SnO₂ is promising gain media for developing the solid-state 1.5 μm optical amplifiers and tunable up-conversion lasers.     

A study on optical absorption and constants of doped poly(ethylene oxide)

Thin films of polymer electrolyte based on poly(ethylene oxide) doped with sodium iodide (NaI) were prepared using the solution cast method. The films obtained have average thickness of 70 μm and different NaI concentrations. Absorption and reflectance spectra of UV-radiation were studied in the wavelength range 300-800 nm. The optical results were analyzed in terms of absorption formula for non-crystalline materials.The optical energy gap and the basic optical constants, refractive index, and dielectric constants of the prepared films have been investigated and showed a clear dependence on the NaI concentration. The interpreted absorption mechanism is a direct electron transition.The observed optical energy gap for neat poly(ethylene oxide) is about 2.6 eV, and decreases to a value 2.36 eV for the film of 15 wt% NaI content. It was found that the calculated refractive index and the dielectric constants of the polymer electrolyte thin films increase with NaI content. Models were used to describe the dependences of the dielectric constant on the NaI concentration, and the refractive index on the incident photon energy.     

小型天然气液化装置在我国天然气工业中的应用前景分析

天然气是一种洁净的能源,在国家环保安全和能源保障方面具有重要意义。液化天然气是天然气推广应用的重要形式。文中分析了小型天然气液化装置在我国天然气工业上游的零散气田和边远气田天然气、油田伴生气以及煤层气等领域和下游的液化天然气汽车和城市燃气调峰等领域的应用前景,指出小型天然气液化装置的应用将推动我国天然气工业的发展,为我国的能源结构调整和可持续发展发挥作用。     

新型金属蜂窝板燃烧器的高效燃烧现象分析

新型金属蜂窝板燃烧器是通过采用双层或多层金属薄片制成,能有效地解决普通燃气灶具燃烧器存在的不足,使产品结构更加合理完善,性能更加稳定可靠,能效更加优越。本文以红外燃气灶具的核心部件—新型金属蜂窝板燃烧器为研究对象,利用红外摄像仪对红外燃气灶具和普通燃气灶具进行了对比研究。结果表明,红外燃气灶的火焰集中,温度分布均匀,燃烧效率比普通燃气灶高12.7%。     

Quark-gluon plasma formation in heavy-ion collision

To account for the non-equilibrium character of quark-gluon plasma formation in relativistic heavy-ion collisions, it is proposed to use the product of energy density ? and interaction time τ_int (rather than ?) as the critical quantity for plasma formation. In a geometrical model, τ is approximated by the transit time, and ? by the maximum energy density calculated in the center-of-mass frame. For central collisions, an analytical expression for ?·τ is given. As an example, the systems ¹⁶O + ¹⁶O and ²⁰⁸Pb + ²⁰⁸Pb are investigated as functions of c.m. energy, and their respective suitability for plasma formation is discussed.     

HL－1装置辅助加热等对能量约束的影响

在ＨＬ－１托卡马克上进行了辅助加热、加料、电流驱动的物理实验研究。在改善等离子体约束方面，某些实验取得了较好的结果。在适当的稳定放电条件下，低杂波电流驱动和弹丸注入辅助加料，均能使等离子体能量约束得到一定程度的改善，与相同密度条件下的欧姆加热放电相比，能量约束时间提高了约３０％。在电子回旋共振加热等离子体实验中，等离子体总能量明显增加，但与相同密度条件下的欧姆加热放电相比，能量约束时间减少了约２０％。     

基于荧光共振能量转移的核酸适体传感器研究

基于荧光共振能量转移的原理,以修饰于核酸适体上的FAM作为能量供体,以氧化石墨烯作为能量受体,构建了荧光适体传感器,分别对不同浓度的胰岛素和多巴胺进行检测.结果表明,胰岛素的线性检测范围为0.05~10μmol/L,多巴胺的线性检测范围为1~500μmol/L,当胰岛素和多巴胺检测浓度相同时,胰岛素检测信号远强于多巴胺.对胰岛素和多巴胺分别进行特异性实验,发现该传感器对胰岛素和多巴胺有较强的特异性.说明基于荧光共振能量转移的核酸适体传感器不仅可实现多种物质的微量检测,还具有较强的选择性,在生物和医药检测领域应用前景广阔.     

Strain rate effects on compressive behavior of covalently bonded CNT networks

In this study, strain rate effects on the compressive mechanical properties of randomly structured carbon nanotube (CNT) networks were examined. For this purpose, three-dimensional atomistic models of CNT networks with covalently-bonded junctions were generated. After that, molecular dynamics (MD) simulations of compressive loading were performed at five different strain rates to investigate the basic deformation characteristic mechanisms of CNT networks and determine the effect of strain rate on stress–strain curves. The simulation results showed that the strain rate of compressive loading increases, so that a higher resistance of specimens to deformation is observed. Furthermore, the local deformation characteristics of CNT segments, which are mainly driven by bending and buckling modes, and their prevalence are strongly affected by the deformation rate. It was also observed that CNT networks have superior features to metal foams such as metal matrix syntactic foams (MMSFs) and porous sintered fiber metals (PSFMs) in terms of energy absorbing capabilities.