Maximizing Trip Coverage in the Location of a Single Rapid Transit Alignment

This article describes several heuristics for the construction of a rapid transit alignment. The objective is the maximization of the total origin-destination demand covered by the alignment. Computational results show that the best results are provided by a simple greedy extension heuristic. This conclusion is confirmed on the Sevilla data for scenarios when the upper bound for inter-station distance is greater than 1250 m. Otherwise, when those upper bounds are smaller (750 m and 1000 m), an insertion heuristic followed by a post-optimization phase yields the best results. Computational times are always insignificant.     

Electrostatic lenses

The various types of electrostatic lenses that are used to control beams of ions or electrons are briefly described, together with the computational techniques for evaluating their properties. Particular emphasis is placed on the calculation and minimization of the aberrations of these lenses. In computer-aided designs of lens systems it is convenient to have lens properties available in the form of numerical approximations, and the achievement of this is discussed. Special types of lens, such as the zoom lens, are also discussed.     

Partial splitting of longevity and financial risks: The longevity nominal choosing swaptions

The previous attempts to launch liquid and standardized longevity derivatives in the market failed because banks do not seem to be ready to take longevity risk. Therefore, instead of trying to transfer longevity risk to investors, it could be interesting for financial institutions to propose interest rate hedges adapted to longevity portfolios, in the spirit of liability driven investments. In this paper, we introduce a new structured financial product: the so-called Longevity Nominal Chooser Swaption. Thanks to such a contract, insurers could keep pure longevity risk and transfer to financial markets a great part of interest rate risk underlying annuity portfolios.We use a population dynamics longevity model and a classical two-factor interest rate model to price this product. Numerical results show that the option offered to the insurer (in terms of choice of nominal) is not too expensive in many real-world cases. We also discuss the pros and the cons of the product and of our methodology.     

基于自适应混沌控制的外汇干预有效性研究

中央银行外汇干预的有效性一直是金融领域研究和争论的热点问题,并且至今尚未达成一致的结论,寻找科学的理论与方法对其做进一步的探讨具有重要意义。针对该问题提出一种新的解决方案,即在扩展Dorn-busch汇率模型基础上,运用自适应混沌控制方法指导外汇干预策略,试图通过检验干预是否能够控制汇率时间序列的混沌行为并最终达到稳定汇率的目的,来论证外汇干预的有效性。仿真结果表明,通过自适应地寻找合理的干预尺度,外汇干预行为最终能够成功地将汇率稳定在系统均衡水平上。研究成果不但为外汇干预有效性给出了理论支持,还为中央银行外汇干预策略的制定提供了参考。     

基于平稳过滤有色噪声地震动模型的MTMD性能评价

研究了由许多刚度和阻尼保持为常量且频率呈线性分布的TMDs形成的MTMD的地震特性。基于虚拟激励法和平稳过滤有色噪声地震动模型，建立了结构－MTMD系统的传递函数，进而导出了设置MTMD时结构的动力放大系数（DMF）明确表达式。于是MTMD的优化准则可定义为Min.Min.Max.DMF。通过最优搜寻可得MTMD的最优频率间隔、平均阻尼比、调谐频率比和相应的无量纲控制有效性指标。目前的论文通过考虑结构受控频率与地震加速度卓越频率比的不同取值和不同场地类型，研究地震卓越频率和场地类型对MTMD最优参数及有效性的影响。同时与基于Kanai-Tajimi平稳过滤白噪声地震动模型和不考虑地震加速度卓越频率(ωg=∝）两种情况的结果进行了比较。     

特定密封环摩擦系数的测定及其在储存期时效对比试验研究

特定密封环摩擦性能的时效对比试验研究是为其定型设计提供科学依据的重要手段．以聚四氟乙烯与Ｌｙ１２Ｃｚ铝合金作为摩擦副，运用牵引法原理，在自行设计制造的由微机实时控制的ＮＰＵ８９－Ｉ型测定仪上测定摩擦系数．试件在温度（１８±２）℃和相对湿度（７０±５）％的环境中存放，而有大部分试件于测试之前分别在－２０℃，－２５℃，－３０℃，－３５℃和－４０℃的低温下冷冻３６ｈ，测得平均滑动摩擦系数μ＝０．２９９±０．０１９．在５年储存期内的时效对比试验结果表明，其摩擦系数没有发生明显的变化     

孔缝箱体屏蔽效能电磁拓扑分析模型

基于Robinson等效电路法,提出了一种电磁拓扑模型,用于任意平面波入射条件下的孔缝箱体屏蔽效能分析。该模型将孔缝及其所在平面等效为连接自由空间(等效为特性阻抗为Z0的传输线)和剩余箱体(等效为特性阻抗为Zg的短路矩形波导)的二端口网络,并通过等效电路模型计算了该二端口网络的散射矩阵,进而推导出描述孔缝耦合的广义BLT(Baum-Liu-Tesche)方程。设计了4组实验模型用于电磁拓扑理论(EMT)算法、Robinson算法和CST软件的对比分析,仿真结果证明:EMT算法较Robinson算法具有更高的准确率,尤其是在高频域;EMT算法继承了Robinson算法简洁高效的特性,且能直观反映箱体参数、孔逢参数对屏蔽系数的影响,较CST软件实用性更强。     

Experimental study on supersonic film cooling on the surface of a blunt body in hypersonic flow

The experimental study focuses on the heat flux on a double cone blunt body in the presence of tangential-slot super- sonic injection into hypersonic flow. The tests are conducted in a contoured axisymmetric nozzle with Mach numbers of 7.3 and 8.1, and the total temperature is about 900 K. The injection Mach number is 3.2, and total temperature is 300 K. A constant voltage circuit is developed to supply the temperature detectors instead of the normally used constant current circuit. The schlieren photographs are presented additionally to visualize the flow and help analyze the pressure relationship between the cooling flow and the main flow. The dependence of the film-cooling effectiveness on flow parameters, i.e. the blow ratio, the convective Mach number, and the attack angle, is determined. A semi-empirical formula is tested by the present data, and is improved for a better correlation.     

The economics of social computing: Some preliminary findings on healthcare organizations

Large-scale organizations have used social computing platforms for various purposes. This research focuses on how hospitals utilize these platforms to attract potential customers (which represents the “extensivity” of a social computing platform) and generate interests in specific topics (which represents the “intensivity” of a platform). Specifically, we examine the effects of size of a hospital (or “size”) and the time that the social computing platform has been in existence (or “time”) on extensivity and intensivity. Our findings show that time is a significant variable on both dimensions; whereas size affects intensivity under certain conditions. We discuss the implications of these findings, and set the stage for future research.