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221.
Summary In this paper, the reflection and refraction of a plane wave at an interface between two half-spaces composed of triclinic crystalline material is considered. It is shown that due to incidence of plane wave three types of waves, namely quasi-P (qP), quasi-SV (qSV) and quasi-SH (qSH), will be generated governed by the propagation condition involving the acoustic tensor. A simple procedure has been presented for the calculation of all the three phase velocities of the quasi waves. It has been established that the direction of particle motion is neither parallel nor perpendicular to the direction of propagation. Relations are established between directions of motion and propagation, respectively. The expressions for reflection and refraction coefficients of qP, qSV and qSH waves are obtained. Numerical results of reflection and refraction coefficients are presented for different types of anisotropic media and for different types of incident waves. Graphical representations have been made for incident qP waves, and for incident qSV and qSH waves numerical data are presented in tables.The work was completed while the author was visiting the University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Geomathematics as Visiting Professor. The Author is grateful to Professor Dr. W. Freeden for providing DAAD fellowship and all the facilities for conducting research, as well as to Dr. V.Michel for various discussions about the research work and also for all kinds of help during his stay at Kaiserslautern, Germany. This award is very gratefully acknowledged. 相似文献
222.
An analytic solution is obtained for forced convection flow in a parallel-plates channel or a circular duct occupied by a
hyper-porous medium saturated with a rarefied gas in the slip-flow regime, for the case of uniform flux boundary conditions.
As expected, it is found that velocity slip leads in general to increased heat transfer and temperature slip leads to reduced
heat transfer. 相似文献
223.
冲击载荷形状对阻尼介质中结构最终塑性变形的影响 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
分析了在阻尼介质中当保持相关参量相同时,冲击载荷形状对简支刚塑性圆板和圆柱薄壳的最终塑性变形的影响。在结构物高载阶段的运动中,考虑了阻尼介质对塑性铰区移行的影响。结果表明:在阻尼介质中,文献[6]中相关参量的概念仍然可以沿用,但结构的最终塑性变形与相关参量的关系式W_of=I ̄2_eG(P_e)应由更一般的表达式来代替。 相似文献
224.
Piotr Kowalczyk 《Transport in Porous Media》1993,11(3):281-295
The anatomy and geometry of the lung at the micro- and macroscopic level have been described briefly. A notion of lung parenchyma — a macroscopically continuous medium whose mechanical properties result from those of microstructural components — has been adapted. Simplifying assumptions propounded in the constitutive model have been discussed. Two phases have been distinguished in the medium: the solid phase — a highly deformable, nonlinearly elastic skeleton in the form of a thin-walled tissue structure on the micro-scale — and the fluid phase — perfect gas (air) filterating through the structure. General constitutive relations for both phases and their mechanical interactions have ben formulated. Further, the fundamental set of differential equations of the quasi-static coupled problem has been developed. Large deformations, material nonlinearities, and dependence of permeability on skeleton deformation have been included. Matrix formulation of the problem has been presented from the point of view of the finite element method. An implicit iterative time integration scheme has been proposed. The algorithm has been illustrated with results of simple numerical tests. 相似文献
225.
The stability of a cantilever elastic beam with rectangular cross-section under the action of a follower tangential force and a bending conservative couple at the free end is analyzed. The beam is herein modeled as a non-linear Cosserat rod model. Non-linear, partial integro-differential equations of motion are derived expanded up to cubic terms in the transversal displacement and torsional angle of the beam. The linear stability of the trivial equilibrium is studied, revealing the existence of buckling, flutter and double-zero critical points. Interaction between conservative and non-conservative loads with respect to the stability problem is discussed. The critical spectral properties are derived and the corresponding critical eigenspace is evaluated. 相似文献
226.
We study the simultaneous one-dimensional flow of water and oil in a heterogeneous medium modelled by the Buckley-Leverett equation. It is shown both by analytical solutions and by numerical experiments that this hyperbolic model is unstable in the following sense: Perturbations in physical parameters in a tiny region of the reservoir may lead to a totally different picture of the flow. This means that simulation results obtained by solving the hyperbolic Buckley-Leverett equation may be unreliable.Symbols and Notation
f
fractional flow function varying withs andx
-
value off outsideI
-
value off insideI
-
local approximation off around¯x
-
f
–,f
+
values of
-
f
j
n
value off atS
j
n
andx
j
-
g
acceleration due to gravity [ms–2]
-
I
interval containing a low permeable rock
-
k
dimensionless absolute permeability
-
k
*
absolute permeability [m2]
-
k
c
*
characteristic absolute permeability [m2]
-
k
ro
relative oil permeability
-
k
rw
relative water permeability
-
L
*
characteristic length [m]
-
L
1
the space of absolutely integrable functions
-
L
the space of bounded functions
-
P
c
dimensionless capillary pressure function
-
P
c
*
capillary pressure function [Pa]
-
P
c
*
characteristic pressure [Pa]
-
S
similarity solution
-
S
j
n
numerical approximation tos(xj, tn)
-
S
1, S2,S
3
constant values ofs
-
s
water saturation
-
value ofs at
-
s
L
left state ofs (wrt.
)
-
s
R
right state ofs (wrt.
)
-
s
s for a fixed value of in Section 3
-
T
value oft
-
t
dimensionless time coordinate
-
t
*
time coordinate [s]
-
t
c
*
characteristic time [s]
-
t
n
temporal grid point,t
n=n t
-
v
*
total filtration (Darcy) velocity [ms–1]
-
W, , v
dimensionless numbers defined by Equations (4), (5) and (6)
-
x
dimensionless spatial coordinate [m]
-
x
*
spatial coordinate [m]
-
x
j
spatial grid piont,x
j=j x
-
discontinuity curve in (x, t) space
-
right limiting value of¯x
-
left limiting value of¯x
-
angle between flow direction and horizontal direction
- t
temporal grid spacing
- x
spatial grid spacing
-
length ofI
-
parameter measuring the capillary effects
-
argument ofS
-
o
dimensionless dynamic oil viscosity
- w
dimensionless dynamic water viscosity
-
c
*
characteristic viscosity [kg m–1s–1]
-
o
*
dynamic oil viscosity [kg m–1s–1]
-
w
*
dynamic water viscosity [k gm–1s–1]
-
o
dimensionless density of oil
-
w
dimensionless density of water
-
c
*
characteristic density [kgm–3]
-
o
*
density of oil [kgm–3]
-
w
*
density of water [kgm–3]
-
porosity
-
dimensionless diffusion function varying withs andx
-
*
dimensionless function varying with s andx
* [kg–1m3s]
-
j
n
value of atS
j
n
andx
j
This research has been supported by VISTA, a research cooperation between the Norwegian Academy of Science and Letters and Den norske stats oljeselskap a.s. (Statoil). 相似文献
227.
228.
我们从实验上研究了铝粉、铁粉和钨粉中收聚圆锥冲击波的相互作用,并导出了利用实验数据计算此波锥顶角的公式。 相似文献
229.
Watson S.J. Barry D.A. Schotting R.J. Hassanizadeh S.M. 《Transport in Porous Media》2002,47(2):149-167
Recently, it has been suggested that Darcy's Law might not be applicable for modelling miscible, density-dependent flow in porous media. To investigate this, three sets of careful laboratory column experiments were performed on coarse and medium sands, consisting of upward displacement of water by sodium chloride solutions with concentrations ranging from 5 to 200g/l. Data on salt concentrations and water pressures were collected in horizontal transects along the flow direction. Salt concentration data were also collected in the influent and exit lines. The experimental data were analysed using a simplified approach based on Darcy's Law alone, applied with the assumption of a sharp interface. Darcy's Law was used to estimate porous medium permeability by fitting predictions to experimental data. Consistent estimates of permeability were obtained for each set of experiments. The results indicate that Darcy's Law adequately describes high concentration displacements through saturated coarse- and medium-grained porous media. 相似文献
230.
A. M. Lokoshchenko V. V. Nazarov 《Journal of Applied Mechanics and Technical Physics》2007,48(4):542-546
The problem of the long-term strength of an extended thick-walled tube containing a corrosive medium in the internal cavity
is solved. The diffusion of this medium into the tube material is analyzed. The diffusion equation is solved approximately
by introducing the diffusion front, and the error of the solution is estimated. The dependence of the time of fracture of
the tube on the variable tensile stress and the concentration of the medium filling the cavity is obtained.
__________
Translated from Prikladnaya Mekhanika i Tekhnicheskaya Fizika, Vol. 48, No. 4, pp. 88–93, July–August, 2007. 相似文献