Application of a biparametric perturbation method to large-deflection circular plate problems with a bimodular effect under combined loads

The large deflection condition of a bimodular plate may yield a dual nonlinear problem where the superposition theorem is inapplicable. In this study, the bimodular Föppl–von Kármán equations of a plate subjected to the combined action of a uniformly distributed load and a centrally concentrated force are solved using a biparametric perturbation method. First, the deflection and radial membrane stress were expanded in double power series with respect to the two types of loads. However, the biparametric perturbation solution obtained exhibited a relatively slow rate of convergence. Next, by introducing a generalized load and its corresponding generalized displacement, the solution is expanded in a single power series with respect to the generalized displacement parameter, thereby leading to the better convergence on the solution. A numerical simulation is also used to verify the correctness of the biparametric perturbation solution. The introduction of a bimodular effect will modify the stiffness of the plate to some extent. In particular, the bearing capacity of the plate will be strengthened further when the compressive modulus is greater than the tensile modulus.     

人工湿地中水溶性有机物三维荧光光谱特性的分析

采用三维荧光技术,结合荧光区域一体化积分的分析方法,研究了一个表面流+垂直流复合人工湿地处理两条污染河流废水中水溶性有机物的荧光特征变化,结果表明:(1)该人工湿地中水溶性有机物腐殖质的主要来源为生物代谢输入而非陆源输入;(2)在表面流人工湿地的后段,部分类蛋白类物质转化为类富里酸类物质,表明经过表面流人工湿地处理之后,水溶性有机物的组成成分发生显著变化,并且有机物结构趋于稳定。而垂直流人工湿地对类腐殖酸物质峰具有明显的削弱作用;(3)表面流人工湿地对水溶性有机物的结构转化意义重大,可以显著提高水溶性有机物的稳定性。表面流+垂直流的复合人工湿地工艺对水溶性有机物具有良好的去除效果。     

纳米Cu2O/珍珠贝壳复合光催化材料的制备及其在有机染料处理中的应用

将珍珠贝壳废弃物活化并作为载体,应用原位水解法制备出Cu2O/珍珠贝壳复合材料.运用X射线衍射、X射线光电子能谱、扫描电镜、紫外-可见漫反射吸收光谱对复合材料进行表征.用活性大红染料B-3G水溶液作为模拟废水评价复合材料在可见光下的催化性能.结果表明,负载的Cu2O呈椭球形,理论平均粒径为16.8nm.复合材料对紫外和...     

Researches on the Removal of Pb（Ⅱ） by Hydrothermally Modified Oyster Shells

A novel wastewater purification material was prepared by a hydrothermal method. It was mainly made from oyster shells with the merits of long service time, large surface area, high lead removal efficiency and excellent recyclable properties. The technological conditions were decided respectively based on the lead removal efficiencies. At pH = 5 and 30 ℃, for the wastewater with the initial concentration of Pb2+ to be 5 mg/L, adsorption time 24 h, and 1 mg to 40 mL of mass ratio between adsorbent and Pb2+, the maximum adsorption capacity can reach 0.19 mg/g. The lead removal material prepared by hydrothermal method has excellent recycle performance. The equilibrium adsorption capacity can get to 9.71 mg/g and the average Pb2+ removal rate is as high as 66.39%. After reusing for 60 times, the SEM observation shows that the hydrates of reticular formation is formed after hydrothermal modification, which provides a good attachment position for Pb2+, indicating the physical adsorption is dominant.     

Effects of combined treatments of irradiation and antimicrobial coatings on reduction of food pathogens in broccoli florets

The effect of combined treatment of antimicrobial coatings and γ-radiation on reduction of food pathogens such as Listeria monocytogenes, Escherichia coli, and Salmonella Typhimurium was evaluated in broccoli florets. Broccoli florets were inoculated with pathogenic bacteria at 10⁶ CFU/g. Inoculated florets were then coated with methylcellulose-based coating containing various mixtures of antimicrobial agents: organic acids (OAs) plus lactic acid bacteria metabolites (LABs), OA plus citrus extract (CE), OA plus CE plus spice mixture (SM), and OA plus rosemary extract (RE). Coated florets were irradiated with various doses (0–3.3 kGy), and microbial analyses were used to calculate the D₁₀ value and radiosensitive relative. The coating containing OA plus CE was the most effective formulation for increasing the sensitization of Escherichia coli by 2.4 times as compared to the control without the antimicrobial coating. For Salmonella Typhimurium, coating containing OA plus LAB was the most effective formulation, increasing radiosensitivity by 2.4 times as well. All antimicrobial coatings had almost the same effect of increasing the sensitivity of Listeria monocytogenes (from 1.31 to 1.45 times) to γ-irradiation.     

Primary Research of Immunological Mechanism of Combined Hepatitis A-Measles-Varicella Vaccine

To explore the primary humoral and cellular immunological mechanism of the combined hepatitis A-measles-varicella vaccine, the mice were inoculated with hepatitis A-measles-varicella vaccine by intraperitoneally and two weeks later, blood was collected to observe the mice’s immunological status. Antibody level was measured to appraise the humoral immunity. At the same time, T lymphocyte surface marker, NK cell activity, LAK cell activity, delayed type hypersensitivity of skin, Mφ phagocytic function, mRNA l...     

化学氮肥有机替代条件下黑土DOC荧光光谱特征

有机无机肥配施是实现土壤培肥、减少无机肥施用的有效措施。为探讨黑土区有机肥替代无机肥(氮肥)对土壤溶解性有机碳（DOC）含量及结构的影响,本研究采用有机肥不同比例替代化学氮肥,分析土壤DOC的含量及荧光光谱特征。结果表明,M(100%有机替代化学氮肥)处理土壤DOC显著高于其他处理,其含量为325.97 mg·kg-1。与CK(不施肥)处理相比,各施肥处理荧光峰各波长均有不同程度蓝移,各处理土壤DOC的荧光指数(FI)分布在1.54~1.59范围内,腐殖化指数(HIX)均小于0.85,表明DOC来源受自生源和陆生源共同作用的影响,土壤腐质化程度均较低。平行因子分析法分析识别出3个荧光组分,分别为2个腐殖质类组分（富里酸类物质和腐殖酸类物质) 及1个类蛋白组分(类酪氨酸蛋白质物质)。各施肥处理3个组分荧光强度均高于CK处理,其中M和M₂N₂(25%有机替代化学氮肥)处理下土壤DOC总荧光强度较高,C3组分荧光强度以M₂N₂处理最高,土壤DOC中3个有机组分的相对比重以荧光组分C1最高,接近50%,表明该地区土壤中小分子物质占有较大比例,施肥能够提高土壤腐质化程度,有利于土壤DOC固定,合理的有机肥配施化学氮肥能增加DOC的有效性,提升土壤供肥能力。     

LIBS-Raman光谱联合水下探测系统及初步试验

水下激光诱导击穿光谱技术(LIBS)和水下激光拉曼光谱技术(Raman)已在深海成功获得应用,这两种技术探测对象互补、器件类似,两者联合探测可更好的进行深海研究。针对此需求研发了一套LIBS-Raman光谱联合水下原位探测原理样机,整个系统集成于L790 mm×Φ270 mm的舱体内,在舱体前端有光学窗口和水密插头,舱体内部主要包括脉冲激光器、光谱仪、嵌入式计算机和供电转换装置,甲板控制终端通过水密电缆实现对系统的供电、控制和数据采集。该联合系统采用一台双波长脉冲激光器同时作为LIBS和拉曼光谱的激发光源,LIBS采用1 064 nm波长,拉曼光谱采用532 nm波长。双波长激光器发出的光束经分光镜分为两路,经过后向散射光路收集的两路信号分别进入两个小型光纤光谱仪进行分光探测,LIBS采用AvaSpec-ULS2048光谱仪,拉曼光谱采用QE 65000光谱仪。利用搭建的原理样机在青岛近海进行水下原位探测,在实验室开展了水中固体靶的探测,实验结果证明了LIBS-Raman联合光谱探测装置的可行性。下一步将优化系统并开展深海探测应用。