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71.
S.C. Gupta 《Flow, Turbulence and Combustion》1999,62(1):1-27
This paper proposes a method for obtaining short-time analytical solutions to problems in pure heat conduction, and heat conduction with phase change. The method employs the notion of fictitious initial temperatures in some fictitious extensions of the original phase region. Analytical results obtained in the case of a heat conduction problem in a rectangular plate are presented first and compared with numerical solutions. This analytical solution is also required later in the determination of liquid temperature in the phase change problem. The method is then extended to a two-phase solidification problem in which solidification starts over a limited portion of one of the vertical edges of the rectangular plate. The freezing front in this case consists of spread along the vertical edge and growth towards the interior. The spread along the edge can have asymptotic behaviour not commonly found. The method is applicable to other geometries, e.g. inside and outside of a long cylinder, a three-dimensional slab, etc. 相似文献
72.
定态火焰在可燃预混气中产生的压力波 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
火焰在可燃预混气中传播时,在火焰面前方产生一道压力波。忽略点火及火焰的初期加速,仅考虑火焰达到稳定传播速度的情况。用Openheim自相似解分析流场,得到相应的控制方程及定解条体;用自适应步长的四阶Runge-Kutta法对方程积分,讨论了流场压力波结构及弱激波近似声波解;认为火焰为间断面,能量释放在火焰面后瞬时完成。利用火焰面两侧的能量关系,得到了火焰位置、燃速及对应C-J条件的火焰位置、C-J燃速。 相似文献
73.
Nucleation and development of phase transformation fronts in TiNi shape memory alloy subjected to the stress- and strain-controlled
tension tests were investigated. A thermovision camera was applied to register the distribution of infrared radiation emitted
by the specimen and to find its temperature variations. During the loading, narrow bands of considerably higher temperature
corresponding to the martensitic phase, starting from the central part of the specimen and developing towards the specimen
grips, under both approaches, were registered. The inclined bands of heterogeneous temperature distribution were observed
also during the unloading process of the SMA, while the reverse transformation accompanied by temperature decrease took place.
Thermomechanical aspects of martensitic and reverse transformations for various strain rates were analyzed under both stress-
and strain-controlled tests. 相似文献
74.
René Schulz 《偏微分方程通讯》2017,42(5):703-730
We prove that Hörmander’s global wave front set and Nakamura’s homogeneous wave front set of a tempered distribution coincide. In addition, we construct a tempered distribution with a given wave front set, and we develop a pseudodifferential calculus adapted to Nakamura’s homogeneous wave front set. 相似文献
75.
This paper reports results of experiments in which a steadystate nonuniform supercritical openchannel flow was suddenly blocked by a rapidly falling gate at a downstream distance of about one hundred critical depths. This results in a hydraulic jump propagating upstream. Experimental data on the shape, height, and propagation speed of its leading front are given. It is shown that the parameters of the jump differ significantly from the values found using a quasistationary approach. 相似文献
76.
G. PuglisiL. Truskinovsky 《Journal of the mechanics and physics of solids》2002,50(2):165-187
The nontrivial behavior of an elastic chain with identical bi-stable elements may be considered prototypical for a large number of nonlinear processes in solids ranging from phase transitions to fracture. The energy landscape of such a chain is extremely wiggly which gives rise to multiple equilibrium configurations and results in a hysteretic evolution and a possibility of trapping. In the present paper, which extends our previous study of the static equilibria in this system (Puglisi and Truskinovsky, J. Mech. Phys. Solids (2000) 1), we analyze the behavior of a bi-stable chain in a soft device under quasi-static loading. We assume that the system is over-damped and explore the variety of available nonequilibrium transformation paths. In particular, we show that the “minimal barrier” strategy leads to the localization of the transformation in a single spring. Loaded periodically, our bi-stable chain exhibits finite hysteresis which depends on the height of the admissible barrier; the cold work/heat ratio in this model is a fixed constant, proportional to the Maxwell stress. Comparison of the computed inner and outer hysteresis loops with recent experiments on shape memory wires demonstrates good qualitative agreement. Finally we discuss a relation between the present model and the Preisach model which is a formal interpolation scheme for hysteresis, also founded on the idea of bi-stability. 相似文献
77.
78.
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) from ambient air particulate matter (PM) were analyzed by a new method that utilized direct immersion (DI) and cold fiber (CF) SPME-GC/MS. Experimental design was used to optimize the conditions of extraction by DI-CF-SPME with a 100μm polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) fiber. The optimal conditions included a 5min equilibration at 70°C time in an ultrasonic bath with an extraction time of 60min. The optimized method was validated by the analysis of a NIST standard reference material (SRM), 1649b urban dust. The results obtained were in good agreement with certified values. PAH recoveries for reference materials were between 88 and 98%, with a relative standard deviation ranging from 5 to 17%. Detection limits (LOD) varied from 0.02 to 1.16ng and the quantification limits (LOQ) varied from 0.05 to 3.86ng. The optimized and validated method was applied to the determination of PAH from real particulate matter (PM10) and total suspended particulate (TPS) samples collected on quartz fiber filters with high volume samplers. 相似文献
79.
屈爱芳 《数学年刊A辑(中文版)》2011,32(2):245-256
描述理想的低温等离子体中电磁波传播的模型是一个椭圆双曲混合型方程.证明了该方程闭Dirichlet问题弱解的存在唯一性.该结果关于区域的几何结构要求较少.由于这里所讨论的方程的奇异性与Keldysh方程的奇异性有相似性质,而后者的奇异性比Tricomi方程更强,因此关于其正则性的研究是很有意义的.作者给出了一个内正则性结果. 相似文献
80.
This work presents a method to optimize multi-product chromatographic systems with multiple objective functions. The system studied is a neodymium, samarium, europium, gadolinium mixture separated in an ion exchange chromatography step. A homogeneous Langmuir Mobile Phase Modified model is calibrated to fit the experiments, and then used to perform the optimization task. For the optimization a multi-objective Differential Evolution algorithm was used, with weighting based on relative value of the components to find optimal operation points along the Pareto front. The objectives of the Pareto front are weighted productivity and weighted yield with purity as an equality constraint. A prioritizing scheme based on relative values is applied for determining the pooling order. A simple rule of thumb for pooling strategy selection is presented. The multi-objective optimization gives a Pareto front which shows the rule of thumb, as a gap in one of the objective functions. 相似文献