微细管碳纳米管悬浮液强制对流换热实验研究

测量了水平微细圆管内蒸馏水和不同质量浓度的水基多壁碳纳米管纳米流体在低雷诺数下的强制对流换热特性。实验结果表明,与蒸馏水相比,纳米流体的对流换热系数显著提高,且随质量浓度和管内雷诺数的增大而增大;并且研究了流体管内流动阻力特性,得到的泊肃叶数f·Re值随着雷诺数的变化不明显,但纳米流体的f·Re值要明显小于纯水。     

碳纳米管阵列超双疏性质的发现

用高温裂解酞菁金属络合物方法制备了几种具有不同形貌的阵列碳纳米管膜 ,并对其超疏水和超双疏性质进行了研究 .对于具有均匀长度和外径的阵列碳纳米管膜 ,文章作者发现 ,在未经任何处理时 ,其表现出超疏水和超亲油性质 ,与水的接触角为 15 8 5± 1 5° ,与油的接触角为 0± 1 0°.经氟化处理后 ,则表现出超双疏性质 ,与水和油的接触角分别为 171± 0 5°和 16 1± 1 0° .对具有类荷叶结构的阵列碳纳米管膜 ,其表面形貌与荷叶的十分接近 ,且在未经任何处理时所表现出的超疏水性也与荷叶的非常接近 ,与水的接触角为 16 6° ,滚动角为 8° .这种超疏水和超双疏性质是由表面的纳米结构以及微米结构和纳米结构的结合产生的 .这一发现为无氟超疏水表面 界面材料的研究提供了新的思路     

Laser‐Induced Self‐Assembled Nanostructures on Electron‐Transparent Substrates

Currently, one of the challenges in high‐resolution transmission electron microscopy (TEM) studies of nanomaterials is to make contamination‐free materials in a simple and time‐efficient way. Here, a method is demonstrated that combines nanosecond‐pulsed laser dewetting of thin films with a film float‐off technique to realize nanostructures (NSs) on electron‐transparent substrates in a robust and rapid manner. NSs of metal (Ag) and bimetals (AgCo, AuCo) ranging from 20 to 150 nm are synthesized on thin carbon film deposited on mica substrates. The NS/carbon system is subsequently transferred onto TEM grids by a float‐off process resulting from debonding of the carbon from mica due to their contrasting hydrophobic nature. This process enables the fabrication of different NSs on flexible and electron‐transparent substrates.     

Average kinetic energy of ions ejected from pure Coulomb explosions of methane clusters

We use an electrostatic model to study the average kinetic energy of ions ejected from the pure Coulomb explosions of methane clusters (CA4)n (light atom A=H and D). It is found that the ratio of the average kinetic energy of the ions to their initial average electrostatic potential energy is irrelevant to the cluster size. This finding implies that as long as the ratio is given, the average kinetic energies of the ions can be simply estimated from their initial average electrostatic potential energies, rather than from the time- consuming simulations. The ratios for the different charge states of carbon ions are presented.     

气体和气溶胶在多孔介质中迁移的数值模拟

为了研究多孔介质对气体和气溶胶的封闭能力,用数值方法模拟了气体和气溶胶在多孔介质中的迁移.考虑了渗透、吸附过滤、扩散、热传导等因素,在柱对称坐标下用双孔双渗模型进行了数值模拟,并与实验结果进行了比较.计算结果显示,多孔介质对气溶胶有较强的阻挡作用,模拟实验结果也证明了这一点.     

基于自组装膜的光纤错位型氨气传感器

演示了一种基于单壁碳纳米管（SWCNTs）-聚合物自组装复合膜的光纤错位型氨气传感器。通过层层自组装技术在高Q谐振器上涂覆薄膜,薄膜上存在大量的游离羧基以及较大的比表面积,这提供了光与薄膜之间的强相互作用,以及对氨气的高吸附性和选择性。光谱随氨气浓度影响的有效折射率而变化。在(10～37) ×10⁻⁶的低浓度范围内,光谱变化与氨气浓度差之比即灵敏度为13.25 pm/10⁻⁶,检测极限为3.77 ×10⁻⁶并且具有良好的线性。这项工作研制为低浓度和高选择性氨气传感器提供了一种有效的方法。     

a-C:F薄膜的热稳定性与光学带隙的关联

以CF4和C6H6的混合气体作为气源,在微波电子回旋共振化学气相沉积(ECRCVD)装置中制备了氟化非晶碳薄膜(aC:F),并在N2气氛中作了退火处理以考察其热稳定性.通过傅里叶变换红外吸收谱和紫外可见光谱获得了薄膜中CC双键的相对含量和光学带隙,发现膜中CC键含量与光学带隙之间存在着密切的关联,在高微波功率下沉积的氟化非晶碳膜具有低的光学带隙和较好的热稳定性. 关键词： 氟化非晶碳膜 光学带隙 退火温度 热稳定性     

分层掺B和吸附H2O碳纳米管的结构稳定性及电子场发射性能

运用基于第一性原理的密度泛函理论,系统研究了处于外电场中分层掺B并吸附不同数目H₂O碳纳米管体系的结构稳定性和电子场发射性能. 研究表明:第3层掺B并吸附5个H₂O的B₃CNT+5H₂O体系结构最稳定,管帽处Mulliken电荷最密集,尤其与单独掺B的B₃CNT和单独吸附H₂O的B₃CNT+5H₂O相比,其Fermi能级处态密度分别     

碳纳米管锁模双包层光纤激光器的实验研究

本文采用双包层掺镱光纤作为增益介质,用单壁碳纳米管作为饱和吸收体,获得最高输出功率为336 mW的锁模脉冲激光.用飞秒激光诱导水击穿法直接在单模光纤上制备出D形区,通过在D形光纤上滴涂单壁碳纳米管溶液,成功制备出碳纳米管饱和吸收体,并对其饱和吸收特性进行测试,发现其调制深度为27％.利用该饱和吸收体作为锁模器件,制备出具有环形腔结构的锁模光纤激光器.当抽运功率为4W时,获得了脉宽为93.8 fs,中心波长为1083.8 nm,3 dB谱宽为8.6 nm,重复频率为5.59 MHz,平均功率为336 mW的飞秒脉冲激光输出.     

Ag/CNT‐catalyzed hydroamination of activated alkynes with aromatic amines

As a nanoparticle support material, carbon nanotubes (CNTs) provide a certain potential activation of catalysis in heterogeneous catalytic organic reactions. Herein, an efficient Ag/CNT‐catalyzed synthesis of enamines via hydroamination of activated alkynes with aromatic amines has been described. This catalyst still retains catalytic activity after being recycled and reused three times. In addition, it represents a green and environmentally friendly process for preparation of enamines. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.