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131.
Elastic electron scattering on the exotic light nucleus28S is investigated in the plane wave Born approximation. The variation of the squared form factors of28S with momentum transfer is compared with that of32S. It is found that the behavior of the form factors near the second minimum (with a moderate momentum transfer) is sensitive
to the alteration of the charge density distribution of halo protons in28S. This indicates that elastic electron scattering can be a good probe of the structure of proton-halo nuclei. 相似文献
132.
Sulaiman Wadi Harun Nizam Tamchek Mohd Kamil Abd-Rahman Prabakaran Poopalan Harith Ahmad 《Optical Review》2003,10(3):133-135
A multiwavelength Brillouin/erbium fibre laser (BEFL) which operates in the long wavelength (L-band) region is demonstrated for potential applications in an L-band wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) communication system. The laser configuration consists of a long erbium-doped fibre to enable L-band amplification where two 3-dB couplers take a portion of the generated BEFL signal and re-inject it into the single mode fibre to seed a cascaded BEFL line in the same direction as the first BEFL line. A stable and strong laser comb of up to five lines with 10-GHz spacing has been obtained with a Brillouin pump (BP) of 9.2 mW and a 980 nm pump of 92 mW. The BEFL has shown a broad tuning range with a tuning characteristic for line #1 which is flat over a range greater than 9.9 nm. 相似文献
133.
V. Klepko S. Ryabov Yu. Kercha L. Bulavin R. Bila V. Slisenko O. Vasilkevich V. Krotenko 《Journal of Molecular Liquids》2005,120(1-3):67-69
Water molecule mobility in ion-containing and nonionic aqueous solutions of β-cyclodextrin was studied by quasielastic neutron scattering (QENS). The total self-diffusion coefficients and their components corresponding to the contributions from collective (Lagrange type) and single-particle (jump diffusion) parts of molecular motions were determined. From the data obtained, one can conclude that the molecular mobility of free water in nonionic aqueous solutions of β-cyclodextrin with guest molecules (2-aminopyridine) proceeds by a single-particle mechanism. The addition of Pb2+ ions into the solution leads to increase in self-diffusion coefficients and growth of a bound water fraction. 相似文献
134.
L. Fatone M. C. Recchioni F. Zirilli 《Journal of Optimization Theory and Applications》2004,121(2):223-257
In this paper, we consider furtivity and masking problems in time-dependent three-dimensional electromagnetic obstacle scattering. That is, we propose a criterion based on a merit function to minimize or to mask the electromagnetic field scattered by a bounded obstacle when hit by an incoming electromagnetic field and, with respect to this criterion, we drive the optimal strategy. These problems are natural generalizations to the context of electromagnetic scattering of the furtivity problem in time-dependent acoustic obstacle scattering presented in Ref. 1. We propose mathematical models of the furtivity and masking time-dependent three-dimensional electromagnetic scattering problems that consist in optimal control problems for systems of partial differential equations derived from the Maxwell equations. These control problems are approached using the Pontryagin maximum principle. We formulate the first-order optimality conditions for the control problems considered as exterior problems defined outside the obstacle for systems of partial differential equations. Moreover, the first-order optimality conditions derived are solved numerically with a highly parallelizable numerical method based on a perturbative series of the type considered in Refs. 2–3. Finally, we assess and validate the mathematical models and the numerical method proposed analyzing the numerical results obtained with a parallel implementation of the numerical method in several experiments on test problems. Impressive speedup factors are obtained executing the algorithms on a parallel machine when the number of processors used in the computation ranges between 1 and 100. Some virtual reality applications and some animations relative to the numerical experiments can be found in the website http://www.econ.unian.it/recchioni/w10/. 相似文献
135.
136.
We use methods of nonequilibrium statistical thermodynamics to investigate two dissipative processes in solids. We find the electron energy losses of a particle moving in a planar channeling regime and the sound absorption coefficient in metals under electron impurity scattering. The oscillator model is used to analyze the contribution from the effect of electron entrainment by a moving scattering center to the total dissipated energy. We investigate the frequency and temperature dependence of energy losses and also the dependence of the absorption coefficient on the sound wave vector. 相似文献
137.
We investigate the scattering problem for a relativistic electron with spin in a Coulomb field in the framework of pseudoclassical mechanics. We obtain an analytic expression for the scattering angle and limiting estimates for the scattering parameters for the spinless and nonrelativistic cases. For small angles, the pseudoclassical model under consideration leads to the well-known quantum-mechanical Mott formula. 相似文献
138.
The determination of the sensitivity of the acoustical characteristics of vibrating systems with respect to the variation of the design parameters predicting these characteristics is a necessary and important step of the acoustic design and optimization process. Acoustic design sensitivity analysis includes the computation and evaluation of the sensitivity information required for this procedure. In this study, a boundary element code performing the sensitivity analysis of the acoustic pressure by using the matrix sensitivities with respect to different design variables has been developed. The effect of the precision of boundary element discretization on the acoustic pressure sensitivity is examined via this code. The formulation is applied to a multi-source system and the dimension sensitivity analysis of near field pressures of two-dilating-spherical source is performed. The last application is devoted to a real sound source: a washing machine sitting on the floor. Sensitivity of the field pressures to the machine’s dimensions (size), surface velocity and frequency is examined on the bases of the boundary element model of the machine and half-space condition. The impacts of these variables are compared; and a limiting speed for the machine responding both the acoustical and operational requirements is determined. 相似文献
139.
A. K. Ghosh A. D. Williams J. M. Zucker J. L. Mathews N. Spinhirne 《Experimental Mechanics》2008,48(2):139-152
In nature, shape and structure evolve from the struggle for better performance. Often, biological structures combine multiple
beneficial properties, making research into mimicking them very complex. Presented here is a summary of observations from
a series of experiments performed on a material that closely resembles the human skull bone’s cancellous structure under acoustic
loads. Transmission loss through flat and curved open-cell polyurethane foam samples is observed using air and water as the
two interstitial fluids. Reduction in strength and stiffness caused by porosity can be recovered partially by filling the
interstitial pores with a fluid. The test findings demonstrate the influence of the interstitial fluid on the mechanical characteristics
of a porous structure in a quantitative manner. It is also demonstrated that the transmission loss does not depend only on
the mass per unit area of the structure as predicted by acoustic mass law. Current tests also demonstrate that the transmission
loss is more sensitive to the interstitial fluid than the shape and support conditions of the structures. Test observations
thus support the concepts of “moisture-sensitivity of biological design” and the “law of hierarchy in natural design”. 相似文献
140.