船舶与海洋平台结构冰载荷的高性能扩展多面体离散元方法

船舶与海洋平台结构的冰载荷是寒区海洋工程结构物设计中的关键参数,而离散元方法是有效计算结构冰载荷的重要手段. 本文采用基于闵可夫斯基和原理的扩展多面体离散元方法模拟船舶与海洋平台结构的相互作用过程. 其中,构造扩展多面体的近似包络函数并建立了基于优化模型的快速接触搜索算法;考虑单元间粘结作用的刚度软化过程建标识码元间的粘结-破碎模型. 同时,发展了 CPU-GPU 协同异构环境下的高性能并行算法. 为分析海冰与海洋结构作用中的冰载荷,采用ISO标准验证了扩展多面体离散元分析结构冰载荷的准确性. 采用离散元方法计算了船舶结构的冰载荷,研究了船舶结构表明的线载荷分布特点,并采用船舶结构冰阻力经验公式验证了计算结果的合理性. 采用离散元方法计算了平整冰区与多桩腿平台结构的相互作用,分析各桩腿上的冰载荷特点. 针对碎冰区的海冰管理过程,采用离散元方法分析了船舶结构绕行过程中的船舶和海洋平台结构冰载荷. 本文方法可有效应用于海洋结构冰载荷分析,能为极地船舶与海洋平台结构的设计和安全运行提供科学的分析手段.      

复杂载荷三维裂纹分析双重边界元法

提出可用于高温、高转速状态下的热动力机械三维含裂构件热弹性分析方法——双重边界元法.首先建立了考虑温度及离心载荷的双重边界积分方程组,并对边界积分方程组的选取及适用范围进行了讨论。然后提出角非快调元模型离散技术。接着提出超奇异积分方程分析去除奇异性方法及数值积分技术.数值算例表明计算结果与有关权函数解十分吻合,说明了用双重边界元法计算复杂载荷条件下三维应力强度因子的有效性.还讨论了有关热应力强度因子权函数解的适用范围.     

航天结构热力力学的任务和应用

本文给出航天结构热力力学的应用背景和工作任务．首先讨论它的先决条件:载荷谱和材料特征．其次介绍一些典型的热力力学结构:再入热防护系统,轨道空间结构,以及碳纤维增强复合材料板件．然后,介绍热力力学的工作内容:热分析,经典结构分析,热损伤力学,以及热力力学耦合和结构试验．最后为简单展望．      

冰脊压剪试验及其对直立结构冰载荷的离散元分析

为更准确地分析冰脊与海洋结构的相互作用,本文提出一种基于粘结球体单元的冰脊离散元方法,其中龙骨与脊帆由不同尺寸的单元随机排列而成,整体呈各向同性.采用该方法模拟了一系列龙骨压剪试验,结果表明此方法能较好地表现龙骨的力学特性,且弹性模量、粘聚强度、内摩擦角等计算参数不仅影响龙骨的压剪强度,还影响其破坏模式.最后计算了冰脊...     

Fatigue damage behavior of a surface-mount electronic package under different cyclic applied loads

This paper studies and compares the effects of pull-pull and 3-point bending cyclic loadings on the mechanical fa- tigue damage behaviors of a solder joint in a surface-mount electronic package. The comparisons are based on experimental investigations using scanning electron microscopy （SEM） in-situ technology and nonlinear finite element modeling, respec- tively. The compared results indicate that there are different threshold levels of plastic strain for the initial damage of solder joints under two cyclic applied loads; meanwhile, fatigue crack initiation occurs at different locations, and the accumulation of equivalent plastic strain determines the trend and direction of fatigue crack propagation. In addition, simulation results of the fatigue damage process of solder joints considering a constitutive model of damage initiation criteria for ductile materials and damage evolution based on accumulating inelastic hysteresis energy are identical to the experimental results. The actual fatigue life of the solder joint is almost the same and demonstrates that the FE modeling used in this study can provide an accurate prediction of solder joint fatigue failure.     

内部爆炸载荷作用下砌体墙结构的失效规律

为了探究钢筋混凝土框架-砌体墙建筑物的内爆毁伤效应,开展了内爆载荷下砌体墙结构动力响应和失效规律研究。采用数值模拟方法,并结合理论分析,研究了不同当量内爆载荷下砌体墙的失效机理以及失效形式转化过程。结果表明,小药量内部爆炸时,砌体墙的主要失效形式为弯曲导致的墙面开裂。随着药量增加,墙体边界在首道冲击波反射超压作用下发生以剪切变形为主导的失效。而在大药量条件下,首道冲击波超压使砌体墙材料达到极限抗压强度而发生压溃失效。研究结果可为砌体墙结构毁伤评估与防护设计提供技术参考。     

绝热剪切研究的意义和现状

简述了绝热剪切现象及其涉及的领域，指出了绝热剪切研究的意义和它重要的工程应用价值，对绝热剪切研究物现状作了扼要的总结。     

Measurement and Analysis of Spall Characteristics of High-Pure Aluminium at One-Dimensional Strain Loading

With an impact velocity varying from 196.9m/s to 317.9m/s and ratios of flyer/sample thickness of 2：4 and 3：6, the free-surface velocity profiles of the shock compressed high purity aluminium （HPA 99.999%） samples are measured with a velocity interferometer system for any reflector. Based on the vibrating features of the velocity profiles, the damage behaviour of HPA is analysed. The results indicate that the vibrating amplitude increases with increasing shock stress, and the subsequent reverberations describing the spall become more obvious. When the shock stress in the material is below a critical or smaller than the threshold level, the free-surface velocity profile replicates virtually the form of the compression pulse inside the sample. When the impact stress exceeds a critical value （1.4 GPa）, the micro damage would appear, and the free-surface velocity profile changes significantly, showing a series of short-duration reverberations in the profile. When the impact stress exceeds the threshold of damage, a compressive disturbance called the ＂spall pulse＂ appears in the free-surface velocity profile, and the subsequent reverberation becomes regular again. The measured spall strength of HPA is much higher than those of commercially pure aluminium reported in many references. In addition, the strength of HPA is similar to that of single-crystal aluminium.     

关于平面应力函数的一些讨论

在平面问题中，如果已知边界某点处的应力函数值和偏导数值为零，吊边界上的外载荷来构造出Ａｉｒｙ应力函数。章利用虚拟荷和坐标变换的办法，避免了在构造Ａｉｒｙ应力函数时可能出现的问题。     

MULTIAXIAL BEHAVIOR OF NANOPOROUS SINGLE CRYSTAL COPPER： A MOLECULAR DYNAMICS STUDY

The stress-strain behavior and copper are studied by the molecular dynamics incipient yield surface of nanoporous single crystal （MD） method. The problem is modeled by a periodic unit cell subject to multi-axial loading. The loading induced defect evolution is explored. The incipient yield surfaces are found to be tension-compression asymmetric. For a given void volume fraction, apparent size effects in the yield surface are predicted： the smaller behaves stronger. The evolution pattern of defects （i.e., dislocation and stacking faults） is insensitive to the model size and void volume fraction. However, it is loading path dependent. Squared prismatic dislocation loops dominate the incipient yielding under hydrostatic tension while stacking-faults are the primary defects for hydrostatic compression and uniaxial tension/compression.