A realizable quantum encryption algorithm for qubits

A realizable quantum encryption algorithm for qubits is presented by employing bit-wise quantum computation. System extension and bit-swapping are introduced into the encryption process, which makes the ciphertext space expanded greatly. The security of the proposed algorithm is analysed in detail and the schematic physical implementation is also provided. It is shown that the algorithm, which can prevent quantum attack strategy as well as classical attack strategy, is effective to protect qubits. Finally, we extend our algorithm to encrypt classical binary bits and quantum entanglements.     

物距—像距法测凹透镜焦距时中间像的选择

物距一像距法测量凹透镜焦距的光路如图1所示.图1图中物P经凸透镜L；成像于P'（中间像），在L1和P之间放置待测凹透镜L2，P即为L2的虚物.对L2而言，虚物P'又成像于P".如u、V、f分别代表物距、像距和待测凹透镜焦距的绝对值，则有笔者认为，采用此法测凹透镜焦距不易测准，原因是中间像P'的位置和大小直接关系测量结果的准确程度二究竟选择什么样的中间像P'作为虚物才较为合适？可先对下表中的实验数据进行分析讨论.（l）选择较大的中间像P'作为虚物反复实验表明，选择较大的中间像P'作为L。的虚物不恰当.因为此时的P'和P"的准确位置…     

实现目标函数几何化的几种形式

线性规划问题是高中数学的重要内容,是"沟通"代数与几何的重要桥梁,以其直观性地解决问题而"一枝独秀".在有关的线性规划问题中,由于目标函数的形式的多样化与隐蔽性,所以我们要充分研究与挖掘目标函数的几何意义,将其由"数"向"形"转化,使目标函数具体化、明朗化,是我们解决这类问题的关键所在.本文通过几个例题罗列了实现目标函数几何化的几种常见形式.……     

The optimal preconditioner of strictly diagonally dominant <Emphasis Type="Italic">Z</Emphasis>-matrix

In this paper, we present a series of new preconditioners with parameters of strictly diagonally dominant Z-matrix, which contain properly two kinds of known preconditioners as special cases. Moreover, we prove the monotonicity of spectral radiuses of iterative matrices with respect to the parameters and some comparison theorems. The results obtained show that the bigger the parameter k is（i.e., we select the more upper right diagonal elements to be the preconditioner）, the less the spectral radius of iterative matrix is. A numerical example generated randomly is provided to illustrate the theoretical results.     

A POSTERIORI ESTIMATOR OF NONCONFORMING FINITE ELEMENT METHOD FOR FOURTH ORDER ELLIPTIC PERTURBATION PROBLEMS

In this paper, we consider the nonconforming finite element approximations of fourth order elliptic perturbation problems in two dimensions. We present an a posteriori error estimator under certain conditions, and give an h-version adaptive algorithm based on the error estimation. The local behavior of the estimator is analyzed as well. This estimator works for several nonconforming methods, such as the modified Morley method and the modified Zienkiewicz method, and under some assumptions, it is an optimal one. Numerical examples are reported, with a linear stationary Cahn-HiUiard-type equation as a model problem.     

渐变折射率波导传播特性微扰计算的代数递推公式

应用量子力学的超位力定理（HVT）和赫尔曼－费恩曼（Hellmann-Feynman）定理（HFT），导出了用微扰法计算渐变折射率平面波导传播常数各级近似值的代数递推公式，并给出了由传播常数近似值计算模场近似表达式的代数式。计算了几个典型实例，此法的特点是便于直接计算任意级近似的传播常数及模场分布，且可推广到二维波导的计算。     

On the Geometrical Meaning of the Dynamic Equations in Analytical Mechanics

In this paper,the modern geometrical structure of analytical mechanics,the exteriordifferential forms and the geometrical meaning of dynamic equations are briefly discussed.     

非线性耦合热弹性动力学的非传统Hamilton型变分原理

根据古典阴阳互补和现代对偶互补的基本思想, 通过作者早已提出的一条简单而统一的新途径, 系统地建立了几何非线性耦合热弹性动力学的各类非传统Hamilton型变分原理. 这种新的非传统Hamilton型变分原理能反映这种动力学初值-边值问题的全部特征. 文中给出一个重要的积分关系式，可以认为，在力学上它是几何非线性耦合热动力学的广义虚功原理的表式. 从该式出发, 不仅能得到几何非线性耦合热动力学的虚功原理, 而且通过所给出的一系列广义Legendre变换, 还能系统地成对导出8类变量、6类变量、4类变量和2类变量非传统Hamilton型变分原理的互补泛函. 同时, 通过这条新途径还能清楚地阐明这些原理的内在联系.