一堂物理课

 我是一位中学教师,我深爱《现代物理知识》,在讲授《卢瑟福核式结构》一课时,我向同学们言简意赅地介绍了那上面的一篇文章:《原子核壳模型发现前后》.当我讲述卢瑟福提出有效模型是怎样成功地解释盖革与马斯顿的实验结果时,同学们顿时活跃起来,纷纷想一展身手,体验一次科学发明的过程.然而,物理上的每一个发现,都是科学家凭借坚实的理论基础和实验事实而获得的.在教师的指导下,同学们通过阅读教材,得出了如下结论:“如果是枣糕式模型,α粒子穿过原子内部时,它受到原子内两侧的斥力相互抵消,使α粒子偏转不会很大”.     

Structural Phase Transformations of ZnS Nanocrystalline Under High Pressure

In-situ energy dispersive x-ray diffraction on ZnS nanocrystalline was carried out under high pressure by using a diamond anvil cell. Phase transition of wurtzite of 10nm ZnS to rocksalt occurred at 16.0GPa, which was higher than that of the bulk materials. The structures of ZnS nanocrystalline at different pressures were built by using materials studio and the bulk modulus, and the pressure derivative of ZnS nanocrystalline were derived by fitting the equation of Birch-Murnaghan. The resulting modulus was higher than that of the corresponding bulk material, which indicates that the nanomaterial has higher hardness than its bulk materials.     

Instructions to Authors

General COMMUNICATIONS THEORETICAL PHYSICS is published monthly by the Chinese Physical Society through the Institute of Theoretical Physics, the Chinese Academy of Sciences. Articles in this journal are abstracted/indexed in Science Citation Index (SCI), Science Citation Index Expanded(also known as SciSearch), ISI Alerting Services, and CurrentContents/Physical, Chemical and Earth Sciences; Science Abstracts (SA), Chemical Abstracts (CA), Mathematical Review(MR), and PЖ, etc. Contributions all over the world are most welcome.     

复映射z←z^w＋c（w=α＋iβ）的广义M集的外部结构

为探讨Mandelbrot集（简称M集）的外部结构，Philip曾提出了“区域分解”和“角度分解”方法。本文推广了这两种方法，提出了等势线和色彩调配法，并利用这四种方法构造了复映射z←z^w c(w=α iβ）的广义M集的外部结构图。研究表明广义M集的外部结构具有分形特征，其断裂的原因是主幅角选取的不连续性。     

Two New Ionone Derivatives from Rhododendron przewalskii Maxim

Two new ionone derivatives,named rhododendrone and rhododendronside,were isolated from the alcohoilc extract of the aerial parts of Rhododendron przwalskii Maxim.Their structures were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic analysis.     

Preparation and Optical Properties of SnO2／SiO2 Nanocomposite

SnO2/SiO2 nanocomposites have been prepared by the soaking-thermal-decomposing method, tin oxide nanoparticles are uniformly dispersed in the mesopores of silica. The optical absorption edge of the obtained nanocomposite presents a redshift compared with bulk tin oxide, With the increasing annealing temperature during the procedure of the sample preparation, the optical absorption edge of the sample moves to shorter wavelength (blueshift). These optical properties can be ascribed to the amorphous structure and band defects of surface layers of the tin oxide nanoparticles.     

混凝土靶球形腔膨胀侵彻模型应用

Bishop等人于1945年开始用解析方法研究侵彻机理，导出了柱形腔和球形腔的准静态v膨胀方程，后来这种方法被称为空腔膨胀理论。目前，空腔膨胀理论已经在多种不同材料靶的侵彻研究中获得较为普遍的应用。Forrestal等人于1997年提出了一个适用于混凝土材料靶的球对称空腔膨胀侵彻模型，模型对靶结构的描述是将其压力与体积应变的关系理想化为不可压或线性可压，而将剪切强度与压力的关系理想化为由一拉伸阈值表示的Mohr-Coulomb准则。