Robust airfoil optimization based on improved particle swarm optimization method

A robust airfoil optimization platform is constructed based on the modified particle swarm optimization method (i.e., the second-order oscillating particle swarm method), which consists of an efficient optimization algorithm, a precise aerodynamic analysis program, a high accuracy surrogate model, and a classical airfoil parametric method. There are two improvements for the modified particle swarm method compared with the standard particle swarm method. First, the particle velocity is represented by the combination of the particle position and the variation of position, which makes the particle swarm algorithm a second-order precision method with respect to the particle position. Second, for the sake of adding diversity to the swarm and enlarging the parameter searching domain to improve the global convergence performance of the algorithm, an oscillating term is introduced to the update formula of the particle velocity. At last, taking two airfoils as examples, the aerodynamic shapes are optimized on this optimization platform. It is shown from the optimization results that the aerodynamic characteristic of the airfoils is greatly improved in a broad design range.     

Two new least-squares mixed finite element procedures for convection-dominated Sobolev equations

Two new least-squares mixed finite element procedures are formulated for solving convection-dominated Sobolev equations. Optimal H(div;Ω)×H ¹(Ω) norms error estimates are derived under the standard mixed finite spaces. Moreover, these two schemes provide the approximate solutions with first-order and second-order accuracy in time increment, respectively.     

改进的GM（1,1）幂模型及其参数优化

为了提高灰色GM（1,1）幂模型的拟合精度,对灰色GM（1,1）幂模型的背景值进行了改进,建立了一类改进GM（1,1）幂模型.利用粒子群优化算法给出了改进GM（1,1）幂模型的参数优化.实例分析结果表明基于粒子群算法的改进的GM（1,1）幂模型具有更高的预测和拟合精度.     

倾斜计算全息板标定补偿器误差EI北大核心CSCD

为了标定利用补偿器检测非球面的精度,提出采用倾斜计算全息法(CGH)校验补偿器,并将补偿器精度提高。介绍补偿器检测离轴非球面基本原理,同时结合工程实例,设计补偿器检测860 mm×600 mm的离轴高次非球面,通过加工与装配,仿真分析出装配后的补偿器精度为2.91 nm[均方根(RMS)值]。设计了利用倾斜式的计算全息板检测该补偿器的实验,并分析出利用该CGH校验补偿器的精度为1.79 nm(RMS值)。结果表明,受限于补偿器光学元件加工和组装精度,其检测精度未知,通过对补偿器误差进行检测与标定,可以确定利用该补偿器检测非球面的可行性并将其精度提高。     

电视摄象机测量误差探讨

本文简述了用电视摄象机进行工业尺寸测量的微分法与拟合法的基本原理,同时详细的讨论了各自所能达到的精度极限。本文用实验验证了理论计算的结果,最后对二维工件测量时,如何根据工件的不同形状与位置以及光学系统的特点,提出了在测量时工件的放置应该注意的问题以及对工件拐角处如何进行处理的方法。     

牛顿环实验非等精度分析之我见

李平的《牛顿环实验的三种数据处理方法》中,有一项非等精度的分析。文章从游标尺的精度为0.02mm开始,利用误差的算术合成导出了测量结果的精度因环数k取值不同而异,并在此基础上得出与各精度相对应的权重因子。该文指出:牛顿环直径 D(k)=d_左(k)-d_右(k) △[d_左(k)]=△[d_右(k)]=0.02mm △[D(k)]=△[d_左(k)]+△[d_右(k)]=0.04mm 牛顿环直径D~2(k)的测量精度却为△[D~2(k)]=2△[D(k)]·D(k)=0.08D(k) 精度不再相同了,而是与D(k)密切相关,等等。     

一种自组智能型单色仪

单色仅是一种利用色散元件把复色光分解为准单色光的光谱仪器，可用于各种光谱特性的研究。本文讨论一种自用的用微机控制色散元件的单色仪．从而实现单色仪的定标及使用的智能化。     

抽样调查的设计与分析(Ⅰ)

本文讨论抽样调查实践中有关设计和数据分析的若干问题．第一部分主要涉及设计问题．     

论透镜高效加工生产线的重复精度

本文讨论保证透镜高效加工生产线重复精度的两个基本条件:1.加工工序系统间合理的衔接关系;2.加工工序系统中工艺系数的最佳匹配关系。     

PSD用于稳像仪稳像精度测试方法探讨

介绍位置灵敏探测器用于测试稳仪稳像精度的方法，给出了测试系统的组成和工作原理。