Study of the permeability characteristics of porous media with methane hydrate by pore network model

The permeability in the methane hydrate reservoir is one of the key parameters in estimating the gas production performance and the flow behavior of gas and water during dissociation. In this paper, a three-dimensional cubic pore-network model based on invasion percolation is developed to study the effect of hydrate particle formation and growth habit on the permeability. The variation of permeability in porous media with different hydrate saturation is studied by solving the network problem. The simulation results are well consistent with the experimental data. The proposed model predicts that the permeability will reduce exponentially with the increase of hydrate saturation, which is crucial in developing a deeper understanding of the mechanism of hydrate formation and dissociation in porous media.     

Natural gas hydrate shell model in gas-slurry pipeline flow

A hydrate shell model coupled with one-dimensional two-fluid pipe flow model was established to study the flow characteristics of gas-hydrate slurry flow system. The hydrate shell model was developed with kinetic limitations and mass transfer limitations, and it was solved by Euler method. The analysis of influence factors was performed. It was found that the diffusion coefficient was a key parameter in hydrate forming process. Considering the hydrate kinetics model and the contacting area between gas and water, the hydrate shell model was more close to its practical situations.     

Separation of ionic liquids from dilute aqueous solutions using the method based on CO2 hydrates

Ionic liquids (ILs) have been regarded as the potential novel solvents for improved analytical-and process-scale separation methods. The development of methods for the recovery of ILs from aqueous solutions to escape contamination and recycle samples will ultimately govern the viability of ILs in the future industrial applications. Therefore, in this paper a new method for separation of ILs from their dilute aqueous solutions and simultaneously purification of water was proposed on the basis of the CO2 hydr...     

A model for estimating flow assurance of hydrate slurry in pipelines

The problem of hydrate blockage of pipelines in offshore production is becoming ever-increasing severe because oil fields in ever-increasing unusual environments have been brought in production.HCFC-141b and THF were selected as the substitutes to study the flow assurance of the hydrates in pipelines.There are critical hydrate volume concentrations for these two slurries.Hydrate slurries behave like Bingham fluids and have high agglomerating tendency when the hydrate volume concentrations are larger than the critical ones.Based on theological behaviors of these two hydrates,a non-dimensional parameter is proposed through studying the driving forces of agglomeration among hydrate particles,which shows the agglomerating probability of hydrate particles in pipeline and can be used to judge the safety of the pipeline.Moreover,a safe model to judge the safely flow hydrate slurries was presented and verified with the experimental data,which demonstrates that the model is effective to judge whether the pipeline can be run safely or not.     

考虑次固结的软土地基一维非线性固结理论

将软黏土变形分为有效应力变化引起的变形和次固结引起的变形,推导了软土新型应力应变关系。然后结合Davis固结理论,建立了考虑次固结的一维非线性固结控制方程,并对其进行解析求解。通过与数值方法对比,验证了解析解的可靠性。在此基础上,分析了次固结对软土地基固结沉降的影响。结果表明:考虑次固结的孔压消散速度与固结速度较不考虑次固结的慢;忽略次固结将低估软黏土地基的工后沉降。     

喷雾热分解分级收集对Bi2223前驱粉末的影响

采用喷雾热分解方法制备了Bi-2223前驱粉末,对不同收集容器中的粉末进行了SEM观察、XRD分析、TG-DTA分析以及ICP-AES分析,对比了不同收集器中的粉末在外观形貌、粒径大小、相组成以及含量、成相反应以及元素原子配比等方面的差别。最终发现采用分级收集的方法制备的前驱粉,不同收集容器中粉末在粒径大小、相组成、成相行为以及元素原子配比方面差别明显,且两种收集器中粉末各元素原子实际配比与原始设计配比相比,发生严重偏离,导致最终制备的粉末不适合制备Bi-2223带材。     

α-MnO2和 β-MnO2一维材料的可控制备及其电容性能

将锰粉分散在K2S2O8水溶液中,分别在150℃和180℃水热处理24 h制备了两种MnO2材料.应用X-射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)和N2吸-脱附技术对所得产物进行表征.结果表明,α-MnO2具有纳米线状形貌(直径为40～60 nm,长度约为4μm),β-MnO2具有棒状形貌(长度约为3μm).α-MnO2的比表面积高达87 m2/g,而β-MnO2的仅为6.2 m2/g.电化学测试结果表明,在1 mol/L Na2 SO4水溶液中,当扫描速度为5 mV/s时,α-MnO2和β-MnO2的比电容分别为121 F/g和19 F/g.扫速为20 mV/s时,α-MnO2循环2000次后的容量保持率高达99.2;.α-MnO2具有优异的电容性能.     

Effects of polar cortical cytoskeleton and unbalanced cortical surface tension on intercellular bridge thinning during cytokinesis

To probe the contributions of polar cortical cytoskeleton and the surface tension of daughter cells to intercellular bridge thinning dynamics during cytokinesis,we applied cytochalasin D(CD) or colchicine(COLC) in a highly localized manner to polar regions of dividing normal rat kidney(NRK) cells.We observed cellular morphological changes and analyzed the intercellular bridge thinning trajectories of dividing cells with different polar cortical characteristics.Global blebbistatin(BS) application was used to obtain cells losing active contractile force groups.Our results show that locally released CD or colchicine at the polar region caused inhibition of cytokinesis before ingression.Similar treatment at phases after ingression allowed completion of cytokinesis but dramatically influenced the trajectories of intercellular bridge thinning.Disturbing single polar cortical actin induced transformation of the intercellular bridge thinning process,and polar cortical tension controlled deformation time of intercellular bridges.Our study provides a feasible framework to induce and analyze the effects of local changes in mechanical properties of cellular components on single cellular cytokinesis.     

压力扰动促进丙烷水合物生长过程的研究

为了研究气体水合物的快速生成方法,可视化实验研究了压力扰动对丙烷水合物生成过程的促进作用,结合丙烷水合物的生成驱动力计算,分析了静态条件下纯水中丙烷水合物层的厚度、生长速率、水合物生成驱动力等水合反应参数,结果表明:在压差为0.1 MPa的压力扰动下,原本停滞35 h的水合反应重新开始生成水合物,气液界面处水合物层厚度2 h内以0.5 mm/h的速率呈线性增长,2 h后生长速率显著减小,在压力扰动后的175 h内,系统平均生长速率达到0.04 mm/h。     

二维调制传递函数及其在波前差检测方面的应用

光学系统像质分析在光学系统设计、加工和装调过程中具有重要意义.像质分析常用的方法有调制传递函数法和波前差法.对于高分辨率光学系统,传统的一维调制传递函数由于只提供了一维空间频率信息,因此在像质检测时有一定的局限性.本文基于随机数图像的傅里叶功率谱密度理论,提出了一种利用随机数图像作为目标物来测量成像光学系统二维调制传递函数的方法;通过利用NewtonCotes求积公式,对有像差系统的光学传递函数计算公式做进一步推导,提出了利用实际成像光学系统的二维调制传递函数值直接计算系统波前差的算法.实验结果表明,二维调制传递函数较之一维调制传递函数更能真实地反应成像光学系统的成像性能;利用二维调制传递函数计算得到的波前差与理论波前差在轮廓上有较好的一致性,可以作为实际系统波前差分析的一条新途径.