Temperature Tuning of Casimir Effect

We theoretically investigate the additional correction to the Casimir effect due to the change of dielectric constant with temperature, which is different from the previous research that have widely taken dielectric constants of materials as a value independent of temperature. It is found that such a correction can go beyond 20% for some cases and it should not be ignored. Due to the prominent correction, it is possible to tune the Casimir force by such an effect.     

Ab Initio Calculations for the Polarizabilities of Small Sulfur Clusters

Polarizabilities of small Sn （n = 2-8） clusters are calculated by using the higher-order finite-difference pseudopotential density functional method in real space. We find that the polarizabilities of the clusters are considered to be higher than the value estimated from the “hard sphere” model using the bulk static dielectric constant. The computed polarizabilities per atom tend to decrease with the increasing cluster size. The polarizabilities are closely related to the HOMO-LUMO gaps and the geometrical configurations.     

The Effects of CO2 Addition on the Partial Oxidation of Heptane for Hydrogen Generation

The effects of CO2 on the partial oxidation of heptane for hydrogen generation have been studied. Based on the experimental results and thermodynamic equilibrium calculations, the validity of CO2 addition to weaken the hot spots, and the feasibility of the autothermal operation are discussed.     

点电荷在三层介质中势的物理解释与光学类比

导出点电荷三层介质中的电势，并给出了物理解释，利用光学类比处理镜像问题，直观地给出多怪平面介质中镜像电荷的位置和大小。     

烟草叶肉原生质体的漂浮电介质电泳研究

本文根据电介质电泳理论,首次对单个烟草叶肉细胞原生质体进行了电介质电泳漂浮实验。对单个原生质体在频率10Hz—15MHz的范围内测定了不同电导率(12.5μs/cm—520μs/cm)下的电介质电泳频谱,并根据实验数据计算了单个原生质体的膜电容C_m,数值为0.40±0.03μF/cm~2。本文还根据实验数据对细胞电融合过程中的原生质体偶极相互作用进行了分析,得出当施加外电场E_c=1.5kV/cm的情况下,两细胞之间的偶极相互作用压力π_d在频率高于20kHz时将显著地大于膜电压产生的压力π_m,成为膜穿孔的主要原因,这将为改进细胞电融合方案提供了新的依据。     

电介质的极化能与弱磁质的磁化能

本文从微观的角度用做功的方法计算了电介质的极化能量密度与弱磁质质的磁化能量密度。     

冷压与热压处理对YBa2Cu3O7-δ的结构相变和超导电性的影响

 本文研究了冷压（2.2~5.2 GPa）与热压（2.2 GPa,2.50~950 ℃）对YBa₂Cu₃O_7-δ的正交→四方相转变区和超导电性的影响。冷压保持其正交结构,但破坏了超导性,在98 K（失超点）到室温呈半导体特性,再在空气中烧结,可恢复液氮温区的零电阻状态。以Cu锅密封样品,热压处理至950 ℃,不发生Cu的析出。热压处理后,98 K（失超点）到室温呈半导体特性,再经通氧烧结,于86 K出现零电阻。热压处理过程,从450~950 ℃为正交→四方转变区。950 ℃为转变结束温度,大大高于氧气、空气、氮气、真空状态的温度。400 ℃附近为起始转变温度,低于氮气、氧气气氛的温度。因此相变区加宽。T_0-t结束温度升高,与Cu锅的抑制还原作用有密切关系。如降低高压淬火速率（<<10² ℃/s）,或随后辅以氧气氛中的后处理,将有利于获得既有高密度又有高T_c的YBa₂Cu₃O_7-δ超导体。     

Y2O3提高Al2O3-30％TiCN复合材料的抗热震性能

研究采用热压法制备含Y2O3的Al2O3-30％TiCN复合材料的热震性能。结果表明：材料的抗热震性是由材料的显微结构及增韧机制所决定。通过SEM观察及热震理论计算可知：Al2O3-30％TiCN复合材料断口起伏较大。由于稀土Y2O3的加入，生成少量的YAC相，抑制了Al2O3和TiCN晶粒长大，有助于提高含稀土Y2O3的Al2O3-30％TiCN复合材料断裂韧性。有效地阻止了热震裂纹的进一步扩展及合并，提高了复合材料的抗热震性。200～800℃淬火温度范围内添加Y2O3的Al2O3-30％TiCN复合材料的残留压痕强度明显高于未加Y2O3的复合材料，且抗热震阻力较大。含Y2O3的Al2O3-30％TiCN复合材料的裂纹萌生阻力R’比不含Y2O3的复合材料提高12％，而裂纹扩展阻力R‘‘‘‘则提高5％，这是由于Y2O3的加入生成少量的YAC相，抑制了Al2O3晶粒长大，复合材料的强度和韧性以及热震时裂纹萌生和扩展的阻力得到提高，从而提高了复合材料的抗热震性。