水下滑翔器位姿估计的改进高斯混合粒子滤波器设计与验证（英文）

近年用于水下滑翔器的低成本导航系统成为研究热点,导航器件的成本与精度之间的折中问题仍然是目前的难题。针对因使用低成本的导航元件而造成低精度位姿估计的问题,提出用于位姿估计的改进高斯混合粒子滤波(IGMPF)方法。用高斯混合模型来估计非高斯噪声,改进的粒子滤波进一步提高位姿估计精度。为了验证其效果,该方法应用于自主设计的水下滑翔器导航系统中并做了车载实验,实验结果表明所提IGMPF方法在实际应用中比传统的EKF和UKF表现更优,姿态角和位移误差比EKF和UKF减小了至少30%。     

轴对称几何下耦合MOF界面重构的多介质ALE方法

推导了轴对称几何下的MOF(Moment of Fluid)界面重构,将其与多介质ALE方法相耦合,形成MOFMMALE方法,并应用于多介质大变形流动问题的数值模拟研究。数值算例表明,耦合MOF界面重构的多介质ALE方法是求解多介质大变形流动问题的有效手段,并且具有很好的界面精度和分辨率。     

Modeling of particle transport and combustion phenomena in a large-scale circulating fluidized bed boiler using a hybrid Euler-Lagrange approach

The constantly developing fiuidized combustion technology has become competitive with a conventional pulverized coal （PC） combustion. Circulating fluidized bed （CFB） boilers can be a good alternative to PC boilers due to their robustness and lower sensitivity to the fuel quality. However, appropriate engineering tools that can be used to model and optimize the construction and operating parameters of a CFB boiler still require development. This paper presents the application of a relatively novel hybrid Euler-Lagrange approach to model the dense gas-solid flow combined with a combustion process in a large-scale indus- trial CFB boiler. In this work, this complex flow has been resolved by applying the ANSYS FLUENT 14.0 commercial computational fluid dynamics （CFD） code. To accurately resolve the multiphase flow, the original CFD code has been extended by additional user-defined functions. These functions were used to control the boiler mass load, particle recirculation process （simplified boiler geometry）, and interphase hydrodynamic properties. This work was split into two parts. In the first part, which is referred to as pseudo combustion, the combustion process was not directly simulated. Instead, the effect of the chemi- cal reactions was simulated by modifying the density of the continuous phase so that it corresponded to the mean temperature and composition of the flue gases, In this stage, the particle transport was simu- lated using the standard Euler-Euler and novel hybrid Euler-Lagrange approaches, The obtained results were compared against measured data, and both models were compared to each other. In the second part, the numerical model was enhanced by including the chemistry and physics of combustion. To the best of the authors＇ knowledge, the use of the hybrid Euler-Lagrange approach to model combustion is a new engineering application of this model, In this work, the combustion process was modeled for air-fuel combustion. The simulation results were compared with experimental data.     

Comparison of the standard Euler-Euler and hybrid Euler-Lagrange approaches for modeling particle transport in a pilot-scale circulating fluidized bed

Particle transport phenomena in small-scale circulating fiuidized beds （CFB） can be simulated using the Euler-Euler, discrete element method, and Euler-Lagrange approaches. In this work, a hybrid Euler-Lagrange model known as the dense discrete phase model （DDPM）, which has common roots with the multiphase particle-in-cell model, was applied in simulating particle transport within a mid-sized experimental CFB facility. Implementation of the DDPM into the commercial ANSYS Fluent CFD package is relatively young in comparison with the granular Eulerian model. For that reason, validation of the DDPM approach against experimental data is still required and is addressed in this paper. Additional difficulties encountered in modeling fluidization processes are connected with long calculation times. To reduce times, the complete boiler models are simplified to include just the combustion chamber. Such simplifications introduce errors in the predicted solid distribution in the boiler. To investigate the conse- quences of model reduction, simulations were made using the simplified and complete pilot geometries and compared with experimental data. All simulations were performed using the ANSYSFLUENT 14.0 package. A set of user defined functions were used in the hybrid DDPM and Euler-Euler approaches to recirculate solid particles.     

超临界CO2-丙烷混合物管内传热特性数值研究

采用SST k-w湍流模型对超临界CO₂/丙烷混合工质水平管内的传热特性进行数值模拟研究。管径d=4 mm,加热段L₂=800 mm;混合工质浓度配比为100/0、95/5、90/10、85/15、80/20、75/25;质量流速为150～250 kg·m^?2·s^?1;热流密度为30～40 kW·m^?2,入口温度293 K,入口压力7.5～30 MPa。随着丙烷浓度的增加,CO₂/丙烷二元混合工质的临界压力降低,临界温度升高,丙烷浓度从5%增加到25%,换热系数峰值降低6.19%～31.45%,但增加丙烷浓度可提高拟临界温度后的换热效果。P=7.5～8.5 MPa,换热系数有明显峰值;P=20～30 MPa,换热系数变化规律无明显峰值,并随压力的升高而减小。混合工质的换热系数随质量流速的增大而增大。同一流体温度所对应的换热系数,随着热流密度的增加而减小。     

基于蒙特卡罗原理的混合颗粒三相体系声衰减计算模型研究

从单个固体和液滴颗粒的声吸收和散射特性计算入手,基于概率统计的蒙特卡罗方法(MCM),将声波以离散化的声子加以处理,通过追踪其运动历程并进行事件统计,建立一种气体介质中球形混合颗粒的声衰减预测模型.对空气中铝粉颗粒和亚微米级水滴的声衰减分别计算和验证后,将模型推广至含有混合颗粒的三相体系,对铝粉和液滴构成的单、多分散混合颗粒体系进行数值研究.结果表明:两类颗粒的声吸收特性差异明显,其散射声压均随颗粒无因次尺寸kR的增加呈现从后向散射占主要地位逐渐过渡到前向增强的趋势.气液固混合颗粒三相体系中,颗粒类型对于声衰减影响明显、且随浓度的增加不同颗粒的衰减贡献不再遵循随混合比的线性递变关系;对于多分散体系而言,声衰减谱受平均粒径影响较大,对于粒径分布宽度参数则不敏感.模型可进一步结合数学反演形成混合颗粒体系测量的理论基础.     

Mixed noise removal algorithm of EBAPS image under low illumination condition based on FPGA北大核心CSCD

In order to solve the problem that single median filtering and gaussian filtering algorithm is not effective in suppressing impulse noise and poisson noise simultaneously in low illumination image, and the edge detail protection is insufficient, an open and close mix-median-gaussian (OCMMG) filtering algorithm based on field programmable gate array (FPGA) was proposed. Firstly, the minimum four-direction difference was used to detect the anomaly degree of each pixel point, the weight was allocated according to the threshold of pulse noise discrimination, and the first step was filtering. Then, the four-direction edge detection algorithm was used to extract image edges, and the second step was filtered according to the set edge confidence characterization value. Finally, the images collected by electron bombarded active pixel sensor (EBAPS) under the condition of 1×10−3 lx illumination were processed by FPGA in real time. The experimental results show that the FPGA processing results are consistent with the software simulation processing results. Compared with the median filtering and gaussian filtering algorithm, the peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR) of the algorithm is improved by 3.23% and 16.34%, the structural similarity is improved by 14.66% and 33.86%, and the edge retention index is improved by 0.49% and 4.21%, respectively, which can effectively remove the mixed noise of EBAPS image and meet the real-time requirements. © 2022 Editorial office of Journal of Applied Optics. All rights reserved.     

极小长高比腔体内混合流体Undulation行波对流

通过二维流体力学基本方程组模拟了具有较强Soret效应(分离比ψ=-0.47)的混合流体在极小长高比(Γ=4)腔体内的Rayleigh-Benard对流运动.研究了极小长高比行波对流的动力学特性,得到了稳定的Undulation行波存在的r值范围,给出了稳定后的Undulation行波摆动周期Tp的变化规律,分析了极小长高比行波对流的r依赖性及稳定性.首次发现极小长高比Γ=4时,与长高比Γ=12和Γ=8时相比,在腔体两端的滚动生成和消失的现象不再出现.讨论了长高比对Undulation行波向行波过渡的影响.     

结构可靠性仿真方法研究

可靠性仿真是对复杂结构系统进行可靠性分析计算最为有效的方法,引起了研究者越来越广泛的关注.综合目前结构可靠性仿真方法研究现状,介绍了蒙特卡罗(Monte-Carlo,MC)法、极限状态方程重构法、随机有限元法(stochastic finite element method,SFEM)进行结构可靠性仿真计算的特点及发展现状,归纳了固体火箭发动机(solid rocket motor,SRM)结构可靠性的特点及当前进行仿真的方法;并在此基础上分析了目前结构可靠性仿真方法及对SRM结构可靠性进行仿真分析计算时存在的不足及需要进一步研究的内容.     

混合温场作用下地铁车站结构的热力研究

为研究地铁车站在火灾发生过程中结构随温度升高的受力和变形情况,以某地铁站主体结构为对象进行研究。车站中火源产生的温场是由热对流和热辐射叠加而成的混合温场,为使模拟更加精确,根据材料性质随温度改变的情况对模型材料参数进行调整;模拟了温度在4℃~1000℃范围内车站结构的受力、变形特征。分析结果表明:相同温度下,火源位置3对应的监测点沉降量最大,位置2次之,位置1最小;火源位置1和位置2测点沉降基本发生在距火源中心±20m内,位置3在±40m内,从沉降量看温度在600℃~1000℃范围内结构有进入塑性阶段趋势;空间刚度越小,热应力释放的主要区域越集中;火源位置1的热应力释放区间距火源中心80m之外,位置2在±20m内,位置3在±10m内,从竖向应力看在800℃~900℃范围内结构有进入塑性阶段趋势。研究可为火灾过程中或灾后车站结构安全性评价提供依据。