Influence of Length of Opposing bi-Au Cone-Tips and Different Environment on Field Enhancement in Feed Gap

Electric field enhancement distributions encountered in feed gap of opposing bi-Au cone-tips is studied using a frequency-domain three-dimensional finite element method to solve Maxwell＇s equations of electric field distributions. Both the influences of cone-tip length and surrounding medium on electric field enhancement are investigated. The maximal enhancement value is discussed in terms of a simple physical model based on a standing wave on the tip surface associated with the antenna effect and surface plasmon. Simulated results demonstrate the enhancement is sensitive to the tip length. By selecting a suitably matched scale according to the incident wavelength, a large enhancement value can be observed within a small focused spot between the opposing tips permitting a high spatial resolution. The relative position of the opposing tips is also found for the optimum enhancement. All of the results suggest that our configuration is suitable for the site-specific Raman spectroscopic analysis at nanoscale.     

Photo-detachment cross section of H- near two parallel interfaces

The photo-detachment cross section of H^- near two parallel elastic interfaces is derived and calculated by using the closed orbit theory. The photo-detachment cross section of H^- near two interfaces is shown to exhibit multi-periodic oscillations when the distance between the H^- and the interface is varied. Each peak in the Fourier transformed photo-detachment cross section corresponds to the length of a closed orbit, which is quite similar to the case of atomic spontaneous emissions in a dielectric slab. This study provides a new understanding of the photo=detachment process of H^- in the presence of interfaces.     

微合金化元素对Fe—A1界面结合的第一性原理研究

利用第一性原理中的DFT理论研究了Fe／A1界面的能量学和电子结构，讨论了替位型掺杂的元素Zn、Mn、Ni在Fe／A1界面处的作用．结果表明：元素Zn、Mn、Ni都会优先替换界面处的Fe原子，使得界面结合能增加，体系更稳定，有利于界面的结合；跨界面的Fe原子与Al原子之间的电荷布居、键长以及差分电荷密度图的计算表明：掺杂后有利于跨界面的Fe-Al间成键，从而加强了Al层与Fe基体的结合，且结合强度由强到弱依次为：掺Zn〉掺Mn〉掺Ni；与实验比较吻合．最后对掺杂Zn的增韧机理加以解释．     

以P507为载体的支撑液膜体系中Ni^2＋离子的迁移

本工作研究了以Ｐ５０７为载体的支撑液膜体系中，搅拌速率、温度、原料相中Ｎｉ＾２＋离子起始浓度、载体浓度以及反萃相酸度等因素对Ｎｉ＾２＋离子迁移的影响。实验表明，搅拌速率达到５００ｒｐｍ以上对Ｎｉ＾２＋离子迁移通量影响不大；迁移通量随着原料相中Ｎｉ＾２＋离子起始浓度增加到４．５ｍｍｏｌ／ｌ以上时基本上不再增加，这说明此时膜内络合物浓度已接近炮和；从Ａｒｒｈｅｎｉｕｓ关系得到的迁移活化能为３６．６ｋＪ     

升液过程中熔融铝合金液面的动态观察

用快速摄影拍摄了升液管中熔融铝合金液面的运动状态,发现在升液过程中,存在着沿液面切向的流动。这种流动具有撇除表面氧化膜、净化合金液的作用。为实现平稳充型和减少热损耗,设计了正弦速度函数。用实验方法确定了速度振幅。     

Organic Light Emitting Diodes with an Organic Acceptor/Donor Interface Involved in Hole Injection

Organic light emitting diodes with an interface of organic acceptor 3-, 4-, 9-,10-perylenetetracarboxylic dianhydride （PTCDA） and donor copper phthalocyanine （CuPc） involved in hole injection are fabricated. As compared to the conventional device using a 5 nm CuPc hole injection layer, the device using an interface of 10nm PTCDA and 5 nm CuPc layers shows much lower operating voltage with an increase of about 46% in the maximum power efficiency. The enhanced device performance is attributed to the efficient hole generation at the PTCDA/CuPc interface. This study provides a new way of designing hole injection.     

用吐温80-硫酸铵-水体系的液-固萃取光度法测定痕量镍

研究了Ni()-PAR在吐温80-硫酸铵-水体系中的最佳萃取条件,建立了水样中测定痕量镍的非有机溶剂液-固萃取光度法。在NH3·H2O-NH4Cl缓冲溶液中,金属配合物Ni()-PAR可被吐温80固相富集萃取,最大吸收波长为500nm,镍含量在0—1.0μg/mL范围内服从朗伯-比耳定律,表观摩尔吸光系数为6.345×104L·mol-1·cm-1。该法测定水样中镍含量,回收率可达96.3%—103.0%。     

水下声音可冲出表面

简单的声波理论曾预言，任何在水下产生的声音都会在水-气交界面处发生反射，而不会发射到空气中去．因此长期以来科学家们相信在海下产生的声音是不可能被水面上探测到的．但最近美国Colorado环境科学联合研究所（Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Science，简称CIRES）的0．Godin博士发现简单的声波理论不能描述在水面附近产生的低频噪声波的行为，他利用最新的声波理论计算得出，当声波波长可与声源与水面的距离相比凝或更长时。声源发出的声波可全部发射到空气中．     

顺磁性La2/3Sr1/3MnO3层对Bi0.8Ba0.2FeO3薄膜多铁性能的影响

界面效应在提升异质结构材料的多铁性能方面有着重要的作用. 本文采用脉冲激光沉积技术在SrTiO₃(STO)基片上制备了Bi_0.8Ba_0.2FeO₃(BBFO)/La_2/3Sr_1/3MnO₃(LSMO)异质结. X-射线衍射图谱表明异质结呈现单相外延生长, 利用高分辨透射电镜进一步证实了BBFO为四方相结构. X-射线光电子能谱证实异质结中只存在Fe³⁺ 离子, 没有产生价态的变化, 揭示了异质结铁电和铁磁性的增强与BBFO/LSMO的界面有关. 同时, 测试了磁电阻(MR)和磁介电(MD), 当磁场强度为0.8 T, 温度为70 K时, MR约为-42.2%, MD约为21.2%. 并且发现在180 K时出现磁相的转变. 实验结果揭示出异质界面效应在提升材料的多铁性和磁电耦合效应方面具有超常的优点, 是加快多铁材料实际应用的有效途径.     

水平管段塞流持液率波动规律研究

以空气和水为工质,采用双平行电导探针,在水平多相流环道(d=50.00mm)中研究了段塞流持液率与压力波动的关系以及折算气速、折算液速变化对持液率的影响,并将持液率的试验值与预测模型进行了比较.结果表明:持液率波动能更真实地反映段塞流动特性,可以用来确定液塞频率;增加折算气速时,液塞持液率减小;增加折算液速时,持液率增大.