类丹皮酚的结构修饰与在模拟体液中的稳定性考察和抗炎活性研究

丹皮酚、2-羟基-5-甲氧基-苯乙酮、3-羟基苯乙酮、2-羟基苯乙酮和2,4-二羟基苯乙酮先与1,4-二溴丁烷合成缩合物,再与酮洛芬合成系列目标化合物。用HPLC考察目标化合物在不同pH缓冲液中的降解情况,用二甲苯致小鼠耳肿胀模型对其进行抗炎活性筛选。合成了5个目标化合物,经MS和~1H-NMR确证其结构。HPLC证明其在体内稳定。小鼠实验表明,目标化合物具有较强的抗炎作用。目标化合物在胃肠道pH值中稳定,抗炎活性较强,值得进一步研究。     

尖山橙生物碱的研究

从尖山橙(Melodinus fusiformis)全植物中分得15个生物碱, 其中三个为新生物碱,采用波谱分析和化学方法,它们的结构分别鉴定为: 11,19(R)-dihydroxy tabersonine,11-hydroxy-14,15a-epoxy tabersonine 和 scandine N~b-oxide。其余12个为已知生物碱: scandine, moloscandonine, 10-hydroxysoandine, Kopsinine,15α-hydroxydopsinine, venalstonine, tabersonine,11-methoxytabersonine, 11-hydroxytabersonine, tubotaiwine(13), vindolinine (14)和deacetylpicraline。新生物碱1和2分别显示有明显的抗生育和抗肿瘤的作用。     

无水磷脂DHPC的相变及水含量影响的DSC研究

利用差示扫描量热法,研究了无水及含水的1,2-双正十七烷酰基磷脂酞胆碱(DHPC)的相变特性.实验发现,无水DHPC初次受热时,首先发生玻璃态转变,接着像通常的晶体一样熔化.因此是玻璃性晶体.从熔体中结晶的DHPC是通常的晶体.从可以冻结水的总熔化培Q_f和水含量h的关系断定:在含水DHPC中,水可以存在于3种热力学上可区分的状态.第1种是不可冻结水,它是与磷脂头基直接结合的水,是一级水合水.每个头基最多可结合7个这样的水分子.第2种是二级水合水,其熔点接近于纯水但其比熔比焓dQ_f/dh比纯水的低.每个DHPC分子最多可保有约6个这样的水分子.当h再增大时,体系中有熔点及比熔化焓接近于纯水的体相水.实验发现,h增加,DHPC熔化峰向低温方向移动;当h>16.2%时,其凝胶-液晶相变温度T_tr及相交焓面△H_tr基本上不随h变化.T_tr、△H_tr及相变熵△S_(tr)的实验值和从偶数碳酰基磷脂酰胆碱同系物中得到的Huang(1981)方程组的计算值吻合.     

CeO2/RP-PSCFM@CoFe阳极材料用于质子导体乙烷燃料电池共生乙烯和电能

The continuous consumption and excessive use of fossil fuels promote the exploration of new energy conversion technologies. Meanwhile, the increase in the supply of ethane encourages the development of industrial technology for the production of ethylene chemical raw materials. Compared with traditional fossil fuel energy conversion equipment, solid oxide ethane cogeneration fuel cells are an efficient energy processing device. Through selective oxidation of fuel gas on the anode, the endothermic process of ethane dehydrogenation is converted into an exothermic oxidation reaction, which has a greater driving force for reaction thermodynamics, and simultaneously produces clean electricity and value-added chemicals without CO₂ emissions. The anode material used for the proton conductor ethane fuel cells needs to operate stably and efficiently under hydrocarbon fuel. Consequently, excellent catalytic activity, low polarization resistance, and anti-coking stability are essential. In this work, CeO₂ was uniformly impregnated into the surface of the porous cubic perovskite Pr_0.4Sr_0.6Co_0.2Fe_0.7Mo_0.1O_3−δ anode by wet impregnation, and then calcined and reduced to obtain a CeO₂/RP-PSCFM@CoFe composite anode embedded with nanoparticles, which was successfully used in electrolyte-supported proton conductor fuel cells. CeO₂ has a high ionic conductivity and transport capacity, which accelerates the transfer rate of protons on the anode and improves the catalytic reaction and transport process. Moreover, uniformly dispersed CeO₂ can effectively increase the three-phase interface of the anode reaction and increase the range of reaction activity. The peak power densities before and after wet impregnation reached 172 and 253 mW·cm⁻², respectively, at 750 ℃. When switching to ethane as the fuel, the peak power densities reached 136 and 183 mW·cm⁻², respectively. The polarization resistance of the impregnated single cell was significantly reduced, and the catalytic activity improved. Moreover, there was no attenuation for 10 h in the long-term test. Inversely, the current density increased with the continuous reduction of the composite anode. Product analysis revealed that the yield of ethylene increased from 23.52% at 650 ℃ to 34.09% at 750 ℃, and the ethylene selectivity exceeded 94%. These results clearly show that the impregnated anode exhibited excellent catalytic activity and anti-coking ability in hydrocarbon fuels at high temperatures. Combining CoFe nanoparticles with CeO₂ enhanced the electronic conductance and ionic conductance of the electrode, improved the transmission of electric energy and the efficient conversion of chemicals, thus successfully producing the cogeneration of electric energy and ethylene.     

几种缩聚耐热聚合物单体纯度的差示扫描量热(DSC)测定

利用差示扫描量热法测定了缩聚单体的纯度。对于一种新型聚芳醚砜的单体4,4′—二氯二苯砜的纯度在99.0和99.9mol%时,所得缩聚物的比浓粘度分别可达0.36和0.62。提出了适用于缩聚单体纯度DSC测定法的试验程序。采用封闭坩埚,该法可用于升温时有少量升华(或挥发)的单体的纯度测定。     

基于核酸酶安培型电化学生物传感器的示差脉冲伏安法测定纺织品中的铅

建立基于核酸酶安培型电化学生物传感器的示差脉冲伏安法测定纺织品中铅的含量。信号探针集成的核酸酶17E DNAzyme铅离子识别体系组装在金纳米粒子修饰的金基底电极上,同时作为生物识别元件和信号元件。采用三电极体系,以0.1 mol/kg的NaClO_4溶液为电解质溶液。调整时间为50 ms,间隔时间为0.5 s,调制振幅为50mV,阶跃电势为5 mV,扫描范围为0.15～0.55 V,采用示差脉冲伏安法测定铅离子。铅离子的质量浓度c在0.020～2.0μg/kg范围内,其对数lgc与电极峰电流信号的变化率(I_0–I)/I_0呈良好的线性关系,线性相关系数为0.992 4,方法检出限(S/N=3)为1.3μg/kg。测定结果的相对标准偏差为2.5%～4.0%(n=6),加标回收率为91.4%～105.3%。该方法与国标法的测定结果无显著性差异。该传感器对铅离子的检测具有良好的选择性,实现了对溶液中铅离子的无试剂化检测。该方法操作简便,准确度高,可用于纺织品铅含量的检测。     

以热力学和动力学性质差异连续高敏测定磷和砷及其比较研究

提出以非离子表面活性剂使磷钼酸、砷钼酸－孔雀绿缔合物在水相增敏、增溶、增稳并根据磷（Ⅴ）、砷（Ⅴ）的氧化性差异及形成上述缔合物速率差异，分别建立了以热力学和动力学性质差异在水相不经分离、连续、简便、高敏测两组分的光度法，并对此两法进行了比较研究。摩尔吸光系数ε６５０分别为１．１１×１０５（磷）和１．２２×１０５（砷）Ｌ·ｍｏｌ－１·ｃｍ－１；服从比尔定律的浓度范围相应为０～０．２４和０～０．４８μｇ／ｍＬ。已成功地用于测定四种钢样（相对误差：热力学法皆不大于±５％，动力学法通常皆不大于±１０％）和两种茶样（回收率：热力学法为９８～１０２％，动力学法为９３～１１１％）。     

邻苯二胺-过氧化氢-辣根过氧化物酶酶联免疫示差脉冲伏安法测定人血清类风湿因子抗体

建立了邻苯二胺（ＯＰＤ）－Ｈ２Ｏ２－辣根过氧化物酶（ＨＲＰ）酶联示差脉冲伏安分析体系并用于测定人血清中类风湿因子（ＲＦ），ＨＲＰ催化Ｈ２Ｏ２氧化ＯＰＤ所形成酶催化产物在ｐＨ２．０磷酸盐－枸橼酸缓冲溶液中于－０．１８ Ｖ左右产生一灵敏示差脉冲伏安峰，ＲＦ浓度在１．２５～２０．０ Ｕ／ｍＬ之间与峰电流呈线性关系，应用此峰检测人血清ＲＦ的检测限低至 ０．２８Ｕ／ｍＬ。该法较相同条件下ＥＬＩＳＡ显色光度测定法的灵敏度增加５倍，且受干扰较少。     

层状液晶乳液的相行为

层状液晶乳液的相行为;层状液晶(LLC);相转变温度;示差扫描量热法(DSC);小角X射线衍射(SAXD)     

桂皮酰胺类化合物分子形状与抗惊活性定量构效关系的研究

采用分子形状分析法研究了26个桂皮酰胺类化合物的结构与抗惊活性的定量关系。相关方程表明抗惊活性与化合物的脂水分配系数(log P)及重叠的表面积(S_0)呈抛物线关系,与酰胺基团的 C—O 键长和 C—N 键长的乘积(代表酰胺基团的面积)呈线性关系。