用相位调制方法测量光盘盘基应力双折射的精度分析

偏振相位调制方法是测量微小双折射的一种高精度检测方法。本文系统全面地分析了以ＰＭＣＳＡ结构形式测量光盘盘基应力双折射的相位调制方法中，由各种误差源造成的对测试结果的影响。     

一类二元相关威布尔分布的可靠性问题

本文考虑生存函数为${\ol{F}(x_{1},x_{2})}=\exp\{-[(x_{1}^{1/\alpha}/\theta_{1})^{1/\delta}+(x_{2}^{1/\alpha}/\theta_{2})^{1/\delta}]^{\delta}\},\;x_{i}>0,\;\alpha>0$, $1\geq\delta>0,\;\theta_{i}>0\;(i=1,2)$的二元威布尔分布的两种可靠性问题, 提出可靠度$\pr$的估计并讨论了它们的渐近性, 最后还作了模拟计算.     

混凝土动态劈裂拉伸试验的数值模拟

采用LS-DYNA有限元编码程序，对混凝土的动态劈裂拉伸试验进行了数值模拟，给出了混凝土试样在不同类型加载情况下应力分布之间的差异，证实了动态劈裂拉伸试验的有效性，提出了改进试验方法的若干结论．     

Small Stress Change Triggering a Big Earthquake： a Test of the Critical Point Hypothesis for Earthquakes

Whether or not a small stress change can trigger a big earthquake is one of the most important problems related to the critical point hypothesis for earthquakes. We investigate global earthquakes with different focM mechanisms which have different levels of ambient shear stress. This ambient stress level is the stress level required by the earthquakes for their occurrence. Earthquake pairs are studied to see whether the occurrence of the preceding event encourages the occurrence of the succeeding one in terms of the Coulomb stress triggering. It is observed that the stress triggering effect produced by the change of Coulomb failure stress in the same order of magnitudes,about 10-2 MPa, is distinctly different for different focal mechanisms, and thus for different ambient stress levels.For non-strike-slip earthquakes with a relatively low ambient stress level, the triggering effect is more evident,while for strike-slip earthquakes with a relatively high ambient stress level, there is no evident triggering effect.This water level test provides an observational support to the critical point hypothesis for earthquakes.     

Ⅱ型平面动力裂纹线场的弹塑性精确解

本采用线场分析方法对理想弹塑性Ⅱ型平面应力裂纹裂纹线附近的应力场及弹塑性边界进行了精确分析，本完全放弃了小范围屈服条件，探讨了弹塑性边界上弹塑性应力场匹配条件的正确提法，通过将裂纹线附近塑性区应力场的通解（而不是过去采用的特解）与弹性应力场的精确解（而不是通常的裂尖应力强度因子Ｋ场）在裂纹线附近的弹塑性边界上匹配，本得出了塑性区应力场，塑性区长度及弹塑性边界的单位法向量在裂纹线附近的足够精确     

Residual stress profiling of an aluminum alloy by laser ultrasonics

A residual-stress profile along the thickness of an aluminum alloy sheet is determined by laser-ultrasonic technique. Surface acoustic waves are generated by a Nd:YAG pulse laser and detected by a Heterodyne interferometer on a lateral free surface of the sheet. The distribution of residual stress is determined by measuring the relative variation of the wavevelocities at different location of the sample along its thickness. This technique is validated by three different residual stress profiles obtained experimentally.     

升降法确定的疲劳强度估计量的统计特性

当疲劳强度服从正态分布N(μ,σ2)时,文[11]给出了,在特定条件下,Sri=1/2(Si+Si+1)是疲劳强度均值μ的极大似然估计的证明,笔者认为该证明值得商榷.本文将特定条件推广到一般条件,得到了新的结论当疲劳强度服从任何给定的标准差的正态分布N(μ,σ02)时,在一般条件下,Sri=1/2(Si+Si+1)是疲劳强度均值μ的极大似然估计.并给出了严格的证明.     

热容模式下激光介质的动态光学畸变

 开展了热容模式下激光介质动态光学畸变研究，初步分析了温度梯度、光弹效应及介质端面变形对整个波前畸变带来的影响，并将光学畸变转化为谐振腔损耗，数值模拟了热容激光器输出功率随时间的变化规律，模拟结果表明：当激光器工作温度低于400 K时，由粒子数玻耳兹曼分布引起的功率下降可以忽略，动态热效应是实验中热容激光器输出功率随时间快速下降的原因。     

含有五边形—七边形缺陷的单壁纳米碳管的输运性质研究

运用第一性原理的密度泛函理论结合非平衡格林函数研究了含有五边形—七边形拓扑缺陷的纳米碳管异质结的输运性质.结果发现：拓扑缺陷对碳管的输运性质有很大影响；另外，不同类型的碳管形成的异质结的输运性质也有明显的差异. 关键词： 纳米碳管 输运性质 异质结 透射系数