Korteweg-de Vries方程的准孤立子解及其在离子声波中的应用

应用推广的tanh函数展开法,给出了Korteweg-de Vries方程具有准孤立子行为的两组孤子-椭圆周期波解,其中一组为新解.推导了均匀磁化等离子体中描述离子声波动力学行为的Korteweg-de Vries方程,发现电子分布、离子电子温度比、磁场大小、磁场方向对离子声准孤立子的波形具有显著影响.     

Influence of roughness on the detection of mechanical characteristics of low-k film by the surface acoustic waves

The surface acoustic wave （SAW） technique is a precise and nondestructive method to detect the mechanical charac- teristics of the thin low dielectric constant （low-k） film by matching the theoretical dispersion curve with the experimental dispersion curve. In this paper, the influence of sample roughness on the precision of SAW mechanical detection is inves- tigated in detail. Random roughness values at the surface of low-k film and at the interface between this low-k film and the substrate are obtained by the Monte Carlo method. The dispersive characteristic of SAW on the layered structure with rough surface and rough interface is modeled by numerical simulation of finite element method. The Young＇s moduli of the Black DiamondTM samples with different roughness values are determined by SAWs in the experiment. The results show that the influence of sample roughness is very small when the root-mean-square （RMS） of roughness is smaller than 50 nm and correlation length is smaller than 20 μm. This study indicates that the SAW technique is reliable and precise in the nondestructive mechanical detection for low-k films.     

Spectral analysis of the UFBG-based acousto optical modulator in V–I transmission matrix formalism

In this study, the V-I transmission matrix formalism （V-I method） is proposed to analyze the spectrum characteristics of the uniform fiber Bragg grating （FBG）-based acousto--opfic modulators （UFBG-AOM）. The simulation results demon- strate that both the amplitude of the acoustically induced strain and the frequency of the acoustic wave （AW） have an effect on the spectrum. Additionally, the wavelength spacing between the primary reflectivity peak and the secondary reflectivity peak is proportional to the acoustic frequency with the ratio 0.1425 nm/MHz. Meanwhile, we compare the amount of calculation. For the FBG whose period is M, the calculation of the V-I method is 4 × （2M-l） in addition/subtraction, 8 × （2M - 1） in multiply/division and 2M in exponent arithmetic, which is almost a quarter of the multi-film method and transfer matrix （TM） method. The detailed analysis indicates that, compared with the conventional multi-film method and transfer matrix （TM） method, the V-I method is faster and less complex.     

A Multiple Resonant Mode Film Bulk Acoustic Resonator Based on Silicon-on-Insulator Structures

With the rapid development of wireless technol- ogy, the demand for integrating multi-band devices has spurred substantial research interest. Research on CMOS compatible radio-frequency （rf） devices has also attracted significant attention. The resonant frequency of film bulk acoustic resonators （FBARs） is mainly determined by the thickness of the piezo- electric film, complicating the integration of differ- ent frequencies on a single chip. One report real- ized multiple resonant frequencies around 2.0 GHz by changing the quality of the electrode. Another re- port obtained the 2.5 GHz main frequency response with a quality factor （Q） of 101.8 and some spuri- ous resonances, while these spurious resonances were irregular.     

高精度时差提取技术在薄互层中的应用

声波测井中,对于砂一泥岩薄互层井段,由于地层声速变化及仪器分辨率低等原因导致不同接收器接收到的波形相关性差,用传统的时差-时间相关法往往不能得到稳定可靠的时差结果。对于数字声波测井而言,单个接收器的波形质量良好,针对这一现象,本文通过利用改进的探测首波波至的方法获得高精度的时差。将该方法应用到现场实例数据中,结果表明该方法有效的提高了地层首波时差的精度,清晰的刻画了薄互层特性。并且该方法基本不需要人工干预,在大部分情况下可以得到稳定可靠的结果。     

基于phyphox软件研究声波干涉的居家实验

信息技术的发展日新月异,智能手机的出现使得居家实验成为了现实.基于智能手机phyphox软件的声波干涉实验现象明显,且从定性和定量的角度辅助学生更好地理解波的干涉.此实验仪器简单,操作简易,有利于培养学生的自主探究能力.     

多芯光纤分布式声传感

多芯光纤中有多个独立并行的空间信道,利用其实现空间分集,以解决基于传统单模光纤的分布式光纤声波传感系统所面临的信号衰落和信噪比受限问题。通过扇入扇出模块,在多芯光纤的其中四个纤芯中进行信号的独立传输和分集探测,并采用相干合并技术对多路信号进行有效合并。实验结果表明,外部扰动信号得到了很好的重构,信号衰落被抑制,系统的底噪较优化后单模光纤系统降低了5.2 dB。传感器表现出高水平的性能,带宽可达10 kHz,最低底噪达-85 dB。     

具有不规则自由表面的粘弹性介质中声波模拟的有限差分算法

声波在具有不规则自由表面的粘弹性介质传播的数值模拟工作在地震勘探,地震预测中非常重要,特别是当模型有起伏的自由界面和较强的衰减特性时更是如此。基于镜像方法和直接方法,本文发展了一种二维有限差分算法,可以模拟不规则自由表面引起的声波散射问题。该方法将自由表面条件与速度应力方程结合求解粘弹性波动方程,在垂直和水平自由段及拐点处设置相应的边界条件。该方法假设自由表面穿过剪切应力和相应参数的网格点。为了提高计算精度,分别计算了水平和垂直方向上应力镜像值,而对质点速度,采用先水平方向后垂直方向分析进行镜像计算和更新。将粘弹性水平自由表面镜像方法和不同倾斜度平滑自由表面的改进方法的数值结果进行对比,并验证了算法的精度。     

基于二维声子晶体第一带边态的声学定向辐射

采用多重散射方法研究二维四方钢/水声子晶体中线源的辐射问题。数值结果表明利用声子晶体ΓΜ方向的第一带边态可以实现声定向辐射。利用文中设计的三角形晶体结构既可以实现声波的单束定向辐射,还能够得到传播方向互相垂直的双束定向辐射。该研究对声子晶体功能器件的设计具有一定的意义。     

水下强声波脉冲负压的产生和空化气泡运动

首先利用高速摄影和压力传感器测量的方法, 对曲面反射式水下强声波脉冲的传播和聚焦过程进行了实验研究.实验研究发现, 椭球面反射罩在起到汇聚声能的作用的同时也将使得强声波脉冲在传播过程中形成负压区, 并由此而引发近场声传播通道上空化气泡群的产生. 在实验结果的基础上, 进一步利用基于Kirchhoff衍射定理的声传播模型和大振幅条件下的QX气泡运动方程, 对强声波脉冲负压区的形成原因及空化气泡的运动过程进行了数值计算和分析. 研究结果表明, 在焦前区, 源于反射罩内表面的"尾波"和出口处的"边缘波"在传播过程中将形成反射波中的负压区; 在焦后区, 源于反射罩顶点的"中心波"在传播过程中将形成反射波中的负压区. 在反射波作用下, 空化气泡体现出了"正压区受压缩并振荡, 负压区膨胀"的运动特点. 在反射波之后, 空化气泡将出现成长、坍缩和回弹等典型的物理过程. 研究结果对曲面反射式水下强声波传播物理规律的认识具有实际意义.