ICT并行重建算法设计与实现

分析了三维ICT近似重建FDK快速算法以及算法串行执行与并行执行的复杂度,利用MPI并行编程环境,对原有ICT重建流程进行并行化,在PC集群上实现了并行ICT重建,进行了系统集成。给出了系统应用实现的解决方案与软件集成流程图。实验结果证明串行重建和并行重建结果是一致的,并行重建可以得到比较理想地重建时间结果和比较理想的加速比与效率。     

基于X射线断层成像的逆向工程中轮廓序列分割算法的原理及实现

为了实现基于X射线断层成像(CT)的逆向工程中具有参数识别的三维图像重构, 提出了一种分割轮廓序列的新算法. 首先通过一定角度的射线法来得到轮廓间的嵌套关系,然后采用扫描一次关系矩阵生成轮廓树的方法实现层内轮廓定位, 最后运用轮廓间定量、定性的属性判定来完成层间的轮廓匹配. 通过实例, 本文提供的算法可以准确、快速地分割CT零件中的轮廓序列.     

BIOLUMINESCENCE TOMOGRAPHY： BIOMEDICAL BACKGROUND,MATHEMATICAL THEORY,AND NUMERICAL APPROXIMATION

Over the last couple of years molecular imaging has been rapidly developed to study physiological and pathological processes in vivo at the cellular and molecular levels. Among molecular imaging modalities, optical imaging stands out for its unique advantages, especially performance and cost-effectiveness. Bioluminescence tomography （BLT） is an emerging optical imaging mode with promising biomedical advantages. In this survey paper, we explain the biomedical significance of BLT, summarize theoretical results on the analysis and numerical solution of a diffusion based BLT model, and comment on a few extensions for the study of BLT.     

高压电缆源平移扫描CT高效重建算法EI北大核心CSCD

为提高在役高压电缆X射线扫描图像重建速度,结合传统的滤波反投影算法,提出基于数据平滑的局部扫描重建算法。分析了源直线扫描局部计算机断层成像方法存在的有限角和数据截断问题,提出数据平滑方式解决方法。主要途径是利用余弦函数沿探测器方向和射线源方向分别进行数据平滑插值,避免投影数据值在这两个方向上突然降为零,起到抑制截断伪影和有限角伪影的作用。实验证明,所提方法能有效抑制图像伪影,有利于电缆阻水缓冲层缺陷识别。相较于原有的联合迭代重建算法,该方法缩短了重建时间且图像重建质量相当;相较于传统滤波反投影算法,重建图像质量提高但重建耗时基本一致。     

核磁共振医学成象

 长期以来,核磁共振现象主要用于化学分析中.核磁共振(NMR)波谱分析在医学上可用药物分析和生化分析.1958年,开始有人用NMR原理进行活体血流量测定.1971年美国纽约州立大学教授R.Damdian提出NMR用于医学诊断的可能性及其意义,化学家P.C.Lauterbut于1972年进一步指出NMR信号完全可以重建图象.同年,X线电子计算机断层成像(或称电子计算机体层摄影)技术正式宣告问世,这使医学诊断发生了革命性的飞跃.电子计算机断层成像简称为CT.核磁共振医学成像也采用先进的CT技术,称为核磁共振计算机体层摄影(NMR-CT).但它与X-CT在获取信息的原理方面全然不同,在图像重建方面有所相似,只不过NMR-CT比X-CT要复杂得多.     

Simulation for surface self-nanocrystallization under shot peening

Driven by high frequency and multi-directional shot peens, dislocations of various orientations proliferate into the metal, and accumulate in high density in the surface layer of a shallow depth. Migration, generation and annihilation of dislocations dictate the evolution of mobile dislocation density. Simulation for the experiment of pure iron under repeated shot peen flux of 800 times per square millimeter is carried out, and a dislocation density up to 2.17×10¹¹ mm⁻² is achieved. Dislocations of such density in the surface layer are shown to be capable of forming nano-grains whose size is about 10 nm. Molecular dynamics simulation verifies the formation of nano-grained metals at such dislocation density level. The dislocations are first regrouped to form subcrystallites, then combined to form stable nanocrystallized grains after sufficiently long time of relaxation. The project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (10121202)     

正电子发射断层显像剂[18F]FET前体N-叔丁氧羰基-O-(2-三氟甲磺酰氧乙基)-L-酪氨酸甲酯/叔丁酯的合成

本文合成了正电子发射断层显像剂[¹⁸F]FET的两个新型前体：N-叔丁氧羰基-O-(2-三氟甲磺酰氧乙基)-L-酪氨酸甲酯9a和N-叔丁氧羰基-O-(2-三氟甲磺酰氧乙基)-L-酪氨酸叔丁酯9b. 化合物9a或9b以L-酪氨酸为原料, 先与甲醇发生酯化反应或与乙酸叔丁酯进行酯交换, 再用叔丁氧羰基保护氨基, 接着在苯环的酚羟基上引入羟乙基, 最后与三氟甲磺酸酐反应形成目标化合物, 这四步反应总收率分别是30%或15%.     

中子半影成像的计算机断层重建技术

实际用于中子半影成像重建的方法都是线性方法,而计算机断层重建是一种能够用于中子半影成像重建的新方法.介绍了中子半影成像的断层重建原理,将半影成像的诊断图像沿径向等角度提取、微分后就可以使用断层重建方法重建.给出了使用卷积反投影方法重建不同噪声诊断图像的结果,并分析了断层重建的优缺点.重建结果表明,断层重建方法能够重建出...     

Earthquake forecast via neutrino tomography

We discuss the possibility of forecasting earthquakes by means of (anti)neutrino tomography. Antineutrinos emitted from reactors are used as a probe. As the antineutrinos traverse through a region prone to earthquakes, observable variations in the matter effect on the antineutrino oscillation would provide a tomography of the vicinity of the region. In this preliminary work, we adopt a simplified model for the geometrical profile and matter density in a fault zone. We calculate the survival probability of electron antineutrinos for cases without and with an anomalous accumulation of electrons which can be considered as a clear signal of the coming earthquake, at the geological region with a fault zone, and find that the variation may reach as much as 3% for ν_e emitted from a reactor. The case for a ν_e beam from a neutrino factory is also investigated, and it is noted that, because of the typically high energy associated with such neutrinos, the oscillation length is too large and the resultant variation is not practically observable. Our conclusion is that with the present reactor facilities and detection techniques, it is still a difficult task to make an earthquake forecast using such a scheme, though it seems to be possible from a theoretical point of view while ignoring some uncertainties. However, with the development of the geology, especially the knowledge about the fault zone, and with the improvement of the detection techniques, etc., there is hope that a medium-term earthquake forecast would be feasible.