注浆微型钢管桩抗弯性能研究

为探讨注浆微型钢管桩的抗弯性能，对不同钢管管径、壁厚以及砂浆强度的12根试件，采用正交试验方案进行纯弯曲试验，基于试验结果提出极限抗弯承载力表达式，并采用有限元软件ANSYS建立模型进行验证。结果表明：注浆微型钢管桩的弯曲全过程可分为3个阶段，即，弹性阶段、弹塑性阶段和强化阶段；对注浆微型钢管极限荷载敏感性大小为，钢管管径>钢管壁厚>砂浆强度等级；不同规程计算的极限抗弯承载力与试验差异较大，本研究所提出的注浆微型钢管桩极限抗弯承载力表达式与试验结果吻合较好，钢管的抗弯承载力约占注浆微型钢管桩总抗弯承载力的78%,管内砂浆约占22%;有限元模拟结果显示，管内砂浆对微型钢管桩的抗弯性能有较大的提升，验证了所提出的注浆微型钢管桩抗弯承载力表达式的正确性。     

聚3-己基噻吩：非富勒烯太阳能电池中的量子效率损失和电压损失

From the industrial perspective, poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) is one of the most attractive donor materials in organic photovoltaics. The large bandgap in P3HT makes it particularly promising for efficient indoor light harvesting, a unique advantage of organic photovoltaic (PV) devices, and this has started to gain considerable attention in the field of PV technology. In addition, the up-scalability and long material stability associated with the simple chemical structure make P3HT one of the most promising materials for the mass production of organic solar cells. However, the solar cells based on P3HT has a low power conversion efficiency (PCE), which is less than 11%, mainly due to significant voltage losses. In this study, we identified the origin of the high quantum efficiency and voltage losses in the P3HT: non-fullerene based solar cells, and we proposed a strategy to reduce the losses. More specifically, we observed that: 1) the non-radiative decay rate of the charge transfer (CT) states formed at the donor–acceptor interfaces was much higher for the P3HT: non-fullerene solar cells than that for the P3HT: fullerene solar cells, which was the main reason for the more severely limited photovoltage; 2) the origin of the high non-radiative decay rate in the P3HT: non-fullerene solar cell could be ascribed to the short packing distance between the P3HT and non-fullerene acceptor molecules at the donor–acceptor interfaces (DA distance), which is a rarely studied interfacial structural property, highly important in determining the decay rate of CT states; 3) the lower voltage loss in the state-of-the-art P3HT solar cell based on the 2, 2'-((12, 13-bis(2-butyldecyl)-3, 9-diundecyl-12, 13-dihydro-[1, 2, 5]-thiadiazolo[3, 4-e]thieno[2', 3': 4', 5']thieno[2', 3': 4, 5]p-yrolo[3, 2-g]thieno[2', 3': 4, 5]thieno[3, 2-b]indole-2, 10-diyl)bis(methanelylidene))bis(5, 6-dichloro-1H-indene-1, 3(2H)-dion-e) (ZY-4Cl) acceptor could be associated with the better alignment of the energy levels of the active materials and the longer DA distance, compared to those based on the commonly used acceptors. However, the DA distance was still very short, limiting the device voltage. Thus, improving the performance of the P3HT based solar cells requires a further increase in the DA distance. Our findings are expected to pave the way for breaking the performance bottleneck of the P3HT based solar cells.