基于统计损伤理论的冻土蠕变本构模型研究

假定冻土粘塑性微元损伤符合修进的莫尔-库仑准则,损伤变量服从Weibull随机概型分布;基于热力学原理和统计损伤理论,通过推导得到了相关联流动法则下的蠕变损伤耦合本构方程.为了便于研究冻土蠕变和损伤的耦合作用,将提出的本构模型,通过用户子程序嵌入到有限元程序中.最后,对冻土中桩基承载力模型试验进行了数值模拟,结果表明:基于统计损伤理论的冻土蠕变本构模型能较好的模拟冻土蠕变变形的全过程,并且与实测蠕变变形十分吻合,该模型对冻土结构物长期稳定性分析和工程预测具有重要参考意义.     

孔周弹塑性变形与疲劳循环次数的相关性

应用白光散斑相关技术研究了孔周弹塑性变形与疲劳循环次数的相关性,以便探索疲劳寿命的预测方法.疲劳实验在单边带缺口的拉伸板状试件上进行,试件由GH4169材料制成,试件表面上喷涂了白光散斑图.疲劳加载采用0→Pmax→0的循环加载方式,加载波形为正弦波,加载频率为10Hz.实验中,按一定的疲劳循环周次在零载及最大载荷两种状态下停机、采图.应用数字图像相关技术求出孔周附近的残余位移场,并应用逐点最小二乘法求出应变场.实验中获得了一些对于疲劳寿命研究很有意义的结果.     

降维变分方法

依据能量原理建立降维变分法,该方法将物体离散为条,在一定约束下,一条独立求解能量极值,可有效简化数值计算,本文研究分条离散方法,极值约束,边界条件处理并给出证明.更重要的,该方法揭示了新的物体形变运动规律.在此也做了分析.     

膜盘联轴器非对称弯曲的一种解析解法

考虑到膜盘的内外缘的刚性远较膜面为大,并且非对称弯曲是在高速旋转运动下,而引进了中面等半径圆假设,即膜盘中面上的每个同心圆变形前后半径不变,但同心圆所在的平面各自发生了角度不同的偏转．在此基础上,通过能量变分原理,导出了相应变形的Euler方程．该方程具有首次积分,忽略一些次要项后,可得到变形的解析解．通过对双曲型面的膜盘计算表明,非对称弯曲下的八面体剪应力在径向及厚向上都变化很小,可近似认为不变,但周向上呈明显脉动变化,因此非对称弯曲对膜盘的疲劳寿命有重要影响．     

Cooperative Effects of Noise and Coupling on Stochastic Dynamics of a Membrane-Bulk Coupling Model

Based on a membrane-bulk coupling cell model proposed by Gomez-Marin et al. [ Phys. Rev. Lett. 98 （2007） 168303], the cooperative effects of noise and coupling on the stochastic dynamical behavior are investigated. For parameters in a certain region, the oscillation can be induced by the cooperative effect of noise and coupling. Whether considering the coupling or not, corresponding coherence resonance phenomena are observed. Furthermore, the effects of two coupling parameters, cell size L and coupling intensity k, on the noise-induced oscillation of membranes are studied. Contrary effects of noise are found in and out of the deterministic oscillatory regions.     

Sleeping of a Complex Brain Networks with Hierarchical Organization

The dynamical behavior in the cortical brain network of macaque is studied by modeling each cortical area with a subnetwork of interacting excitable neurons. We characterize the system by studying how to perform the transition, which is now topology-dependent, from the active state to that with no activity. This could be a naive model for the wakening and sleeping of a brain-like system, i.e., a multi-component system with two different dynamical behavior.     

Deformation and Motion of a Red Blood Cell in a Shear Flow Simulated by a Lattice Boltzmann Model

A lattice Boltzmann model is presented to simulate the deformation and motions of a red blood cell (RBC) in a shear flow. The curvatures of the membrane of a static RBC with different chemical potential drops calculated by our model agree with those computed by a shooting method very well. Our simulation results show that in a shear flow, a biconcave RBC becomes highly flattened and undergoes tank-treading motion. With intrinsically parallel dynamics, this lattice Boltzmann method is expected to find wide applications to both single and multi-vesicles suspension as well as complex open membranes in various fluid flows for a wide range of Reynolds numbers.     

基于多齿席夫碱的双核Dy(Ⅲ)配合物的合成、晶体结构和磁性

以2-肟基丙烷酰肼缩2-羟基萘甲醛席夫碱(H2L)为主配体,乙酰丙酮(Hacac)为辅配体,构筑了一例双核稀土镝配合物[Dy2(L)2(acac)2(CH3CH2OH)2](1).通过单晶X射线衍射、元素分析以及磁性测试对其结构和磁行为进行了表征.结构分析表明,配合物1是一个结构呈中心对称的双核镝(Ⅲ)配合物,其结构的...     

Three dimensional large deformation analysis of phase transformation in shape memory alloys

Shape memory alloys（SMAs）have been explored as smart materials and used as dampers,actuator elements,and smart sensors.An important character of SMAs is its ability to recover all of its large deformations in mechanical loading-unloading cycles without showing permanent deformation.This paper presents a stress-induced phenomenological constitutive equation for SMAs,which can be used to describe the superelastic hysteresis loops and phase transformation between Martensite and Austenite.The Martensite fraction of SMAs is assumed to be dependent on deviatoric stress tensor.Therefore,phase transformation of SMAs is volume preserving during the phase transformation.The model is implemented in large deformation finite element code and cast in the updated Lagrangian scheme.In order to use the Cauchy stress and the linear strain in constitutive laws,a frame indifferent stress objective rate has to be used.In this paper,the Jaumann stress rate is used.Results of the numerical experiments conducted in this study show that the superelastic hysteresis loops arising with the phase transformation can be effectively captured.     

边坡变形的分布式光纤监测模拟试验研究

布里渊散射光时域反射测量技术(BOTDR)作为一项新型光电传感监测技术,因其具有良好的抗干扰、长距离、可植入性和分布式监测的特点而被广泛应用于结构工程健康监测中。而直接将光纤布设在土体中则存在变形协调性差、易折断及空间定位难等问题。本次研究通过室内小比例尺模型试验,分别将光纤植入土工布和土工格栅等柔性复合材料中并一起铺设在边坡模型不同深度处,利用BOTDR监测边坡在外荷作用下的变形特征。试验结果表明,布设在土工格栅中的光纤稳定性最好; 土工布中的光纤变形协调性和敏感性优于土工格栅; 通过合理布置光纤能够对异常应变进行较为准确的识别和定位。试验初步验证了该方法应用于土质边坡变形监测的可行性。