流动注射-阳离子交换预富集-ICP-AES 法在线分析磷矿中钙、镁、铝、铁的研究

用 732型强酸性阳离子交换树脂分离富集 ,并与改进的流动注射 (双流路 )相结合 ,建立了新型、高效的流动注射 -阳离子交换预富集 - ICP- AES在线分析体系。研究了酸度、流速、淋洗剂浓度等的选择、共存离子的干扰情况并应用于矿样的分析。 Ca,Mg,Al,Fe各元素的检出限分别为 0 .9μg/ L,0 .6 μg/ L,5.5μg/ L,1 .4μg/ L;1 0次测量的相对标准偏差分别为 3.4 4% ,1 .53% ,1 .6 0 % ,2 .58%。回收率在 93.0 %～ 1 0 1 .4 %之间。分析速度可达每小时 4 0个样品。     

ORGANIC GEOCHEMISTRY OF ARTIFICIALLY HEATED SPHAGNUM COAL CONSIDERED AS POSSIBLE SOURCE ROCK FOR OIL AND GAS

A preliminary study of simulated thermal maturity has been conducted to evaluate the oil, gas and hydrocarbon generation potential of sphagnum coal in the Jinsuo brown coal basin, Yunnan Province and to understand the characteristics of the element composition and biomarkers in the course of thermal alteration. The experimental result was compared with that of xylitic coal, a kind of lithotype of soft brown coal. It is considered that sphagnum coal possesses the potential of forming economic accumulation of oil and gas. Its highest proportion of oil and hydrocarbon generation is 510 mg/g Corg. and 232.1 mg/g Corg. respectively. At an R_(ran)~° value of 2.51%, the ratio of gas generation from sphagnum coal attains to 620.5 ml/g Corg. In view of sphagnum coal being different from the conventional soft brown coal in various respects such as coal forming raw materials and enviroments as well as physico-chemical properties, it is Suggested as a special kind of source rock for coal-generated oil and gas.     

The role of analytical chemistry in Niger Delta petroleum exploration: A review

Petroleum and organic matter from which the petroleum is derived are composed of organic compounds with some trace elements. These compounds give an insight into the origin, thermal maturity and paleoenvironmental history of petroleum, which are essential elements in petroleum exploration. The main tool to acquire the geochemical data is analytical techniques. Due to progress in the development of new analytical techniques, many hitherto petroleum exploration problems have been resolved. Analytical chemistry has played a significant role in the development of petroleum resources of Niger Delta. Various analytical techniques that have aided the success of petroleum exploration in the Niger Delta are discussed. The analytical techniques that have helped to understand the petroleum system of the basin are also described. Recent and emerging analytical methodologies including green analytical methods as applicable to petroleum exploration particularly Niger Delta petroleum province are discussed in this paper. Analytical chemistry is an invaluable tool in finding the Niger Delta oils.     

灌浆理论浅析

详细分析了两种灌浆液体的类型牛顿体和宾汉姆体的力学特征以及二者之间异同和联系,介绍了岩土体结构的基本理论、灌浆的基本理论、渗透灌浆理论机制及内容、劈裂灌浆理论机制及内容、压密灌浆理论机制及内容。     

Zircon SHRIMP age of Mesoarchaean meta-argilloarenaceous rock in the Anshan area and its geological significance

In order to better understand the early continental evolution of the Anshan area, one ofthe typical Precambrian distribution areas of the North China Craton, the geochronology and REEcomposition of the zircons from the meta-argillo-arenaceous rock occurred as enclave in 3.1 GaLishan trondhjemite are studied by using SHRIMP ll ion microprobe. It is indicated that the Pa-leoarchaean is a very important continental formation period in the Anshan area and 3.2 Ga can beregarded as the boundary between the Paleoarchaean and Mesoarchaean.     

HYPERSALINE ENVIRONMENTS AND GENERATION OF PETROLEUM

Not only the mudstones and carbonates deposited in hypersaline environments, but also evaporites can be source rocks of petroleum. They all have a peculiar composition of hydrocarbon such as the strong predominance of phytane, the richness in gammacerane, the frequent preference of even carbon number n-alkanes, and have a generative potential for less mature oils in diagenesis of organic matter.     

圆宝山隧道炭质板岩大变形段初期支护结构受力特性研究

为了准确掌握丽香铁路圆宝山隧道炭质板岩大变形段初期支护结构受力特性,结合深埋炭质板岩隧道大变形特点,通过调查分析发现炭质板岩具有显著的各向异性特征,在地下水、高地应力及施工扰动等复杂因素作用下表现出显著的蠕变特性,从而导致隧道发生大变形。同时,对圆宝山隧道展开围岩变形及初期支护受力监测,监测结果表明,薄层炭质板岩段围岩的变形速率、变形量整体上较中厚层炭质板岩段围岩大,且达到稳定所需的时间更长;围岩压力与钢拱架应力基本呈从拱顶到拱脚减小的趋势,且围岩压力最大值出现在拱肩,而钢拱架应力最大值分布位置不固定,常见分布位置为两侧拱墙上下,这与钢拱架因发生扭曲而设置横支撑基本吻合;变更支护参数后,围岩的时效特性有明显改善,尤以薄层炭质板岩段围岩最为明显,同时围岩压力分布更加均匀,钢拱架出现拉应力现象不再集中。基于上述研究成果,选择I18型工字钢焊制钢架、设置间距为0.6m、喷射厚为27cm的C25混凝土作为初期支护,同时采用\"弱爆破、短进尺\"的掘进方式,以达到控制深埋炭质板岩隧道围岩变形的目的。     

岩石三轴蠕变试验黏弹性解析及参数识别

基于岩石三轴蠕变试验,推导了相应的黏弹性解析解,并对三参量H-K流变模型给出了黏弹性解析解的显式以及流变参数的识别方法. 在此基础上,针对花岗岩及片岩两种岩石的室内蠕变分级加载试验曲线进行了流变参数的识别与反演. 分析表明,同一岩样在不同加载级别下的弹性及黏弹性参数在量值上均有所不同,其中黏弹性模量和黏滞系数的量值随载荷的增加出现损伤衰减,基于试验反演所获参数的解析蠕变曲线与试验蠕变曲线吻合较好.     

Fluorine and chlorine behavior in chlorine-rich volcanic rocks from White Island, New Zealand

Extraordinarily high chlorine-bearing volcanic bombs were erupted from White Island volcano on January 25, 1987. The concentrations of fluorine and chlorine were measured in these paralava bombs and their likely parent rocks. The paralavas contain glass with over 1.0 wt.% and up to 1.7% of chlorine. The F/Cl ratios and their relationship with other constituents show that the fluorine and chlorine in the bombs were derived from hydrothermal fluid, most likely concentrated brine in an active Crater Pool.     

THE ZONAL DISINTEGRATION MECHANISM OF SURROUNDING ROCK AROUND DEEP SPHERICAL TUNNELS UNDER HYDROSTATIC PRESSURE CONDITION: A NON-EUCLIDEAN CONTINUUM DAMAGE MODEL

A new non-Euclidean continuum damage model is proposed to investigate the zonal disintegration phenomenon of the surrounding rocks around deep spherical tunnels under hydrostatic pressure condition as well as the total elastic stress field distributions.The elastic stress fields of the surrounding rocks around deep spherical tunnels under hydrostatic pressure condition are obtained.If the elastic stresses of the surrounding rocks satisfy the strength criterion of the deep rock masses,the number,size and location of fractured and nonfractured zones are determined.The efect of physico-mechanical parameters of the surrounding rocks on the zonal disintegration phenomenon is studied and numerical computation is carried out.It is found from numerical results that the number,size and location of fractured and non-fractured zones are sensitive to the physico-mechanical parameters of the surrounding rocks.