高压密封消化罐在光谱分析样品前处理中的应用

原了吸收光谱法是进行元素定量分析的快捷有效的方法,但固体试样溶解的不完全会对其分析测定的准确度带来很大影响。本文应用高压密封消化罐对电厂难溶的垢样进行消解,对消解条件进行了探索试验,确定了比较方便快捷、溶样完全的消解体系。并对垢样消解液中的一些常规元素作了相应的原子吸收光谱测定。     

激光加工多孔气体端面密封的静压性能研究

采用有限元方法求解二维气体雷诺方程,研究激光加工多孔端面气体润滑密封的静压性能.主要分析了密封端面的微孔面积比Sp、开孔比γ、无量纲孔深ε和密封压力Po对开启力增幅△Pav、泄漏量Q、开漏比E、刚漏比Ek等密封性能参数的影响规律,结果表明,当Sp=0.65,γ=0.6,ε=3.0时可确保密封在静压条件下具有优异的性价比.研究结果为密封的优化设计提供了依据.     

磁性流体密封的优化设计

通过数值计算及实验对磁性流体密封的结构与参数进行了优化设计,给出了磁钢材料及尺寸的设计原则,研究了单级密封的密封压差与磁极斜角、极尖宽度和密封间隙的关系。分析了多级密封的级数、齿宽、槽宽及齿高对磁性流体多级密封的影响,给出了最优取值范围。     

Non-contact method used to determine the swelling/shrinking coefficients under CO2 sorption/desorption on an HNBR O-ring - Study of coupling with temperature and pressure

To make use of an O-ring under different pressures and temperatures and to procedure predictive numerical simulations of its use, it becomes important to identify the O-ring behavior under coupled CO₂ sorption (i.e. swelling) and desorption (i.e. shrinking) together with the effect of temperature. Therefore, the presented study deals with an experimental non-contact measurement technique to identify the swelling and shrinking coefficients during pressurization and depressurization under carbone dioxide (CO₂) of an HNBR O-ring. In order to ensure the feasibility of CO₂ sorption (or desorption) measurement from the non-contact method, a purely thermal expansion test permits to identify the thermal expansion coefficient of HNBR, which is well known by other methods including a standard. Numerical simulations complete this section. The simulations ensure that the chosen analysis methodology allows direct identification of swelling and shrinking coefficients and thus determine the seal volume change. CO₂ pressurization and CO₂ depressurization tests at pressures (2, 4 and 6 MPa) under isothermal conditions (60 and 130 °C) and a coupled temperature-pressure CO₂ tests are conducted. The measurements made during these tests show that the CO₂ swelling and shrinking coefficients are independent of pressure but temperature dependent. Besides, a good measurements reproducibility was observed and the order of magnitude of these coefficients leads to a strain in the same order as the thermal strain.     

磁性流体高压密封能力的计算与试验研究

本文根据磁性流体密封理论对磁性流体高压密封进行了密封能力的计算和试验研究,提出了单级与多级密封能力的计算方法,并且通过磁场的数值计算对密封能力进行了定量分析。所设计的多极-多级密封装置的密封压差可达1.4MPa。文章最后还对计算值与试验值之差异作了分析与探讨。     

The effect of texture on the shaft surface on the sealing performance of radial lip seals

On the basis of elastohydrodynamic model,the present study numerically analyzes the effect of various microdimple texture shapes,namely,circular,square,oriented isosceles triangular,on the pumping rate and the friction torque of radial lip seals,and determines the microdimple texture shape that can produce positive pumping rate.The area ratio,depth and shape dimension of a single texture are the most important geometric parameters which influence the tribological performance.According to the selected texture shape,parameter analysis is conducted to determine the optimal combination for the above three parameters.Simultaneously,the simulated performances of radial lip seal with texture on the shaft surface are compared with those of the conventional lip seal without any texture on the shaft surface.     

The use of Taguchi method to optimize the laser welding of sealing neuro-stimulator

Titanium has high strength-to-weight ratio, corrosion resistance, excellent weldability and well biocompatibility. It is applied in various fields, such as medical and aerospace industry. Laser welding is major joint technology for titanium sealing in medical field. It is difficult for sealing thin titanium shell of the neuro-stimulator by laser lap welding. The key point for welding quality is the combination of laser welding parameters. In this paper, the effects of the Nd: YAG laser welding parameters is discussed and analyzed at first, and then a novel application of Taguchi's matrix method is proposed to optimize the selection of laser seal welding thin titanium shell, including the main parameters such as laser power, welding speed, defocusing amount and shield gas, finally the manufacture process for sealing neuro-stimulator is confirmed. The results show that Taguchi method has optimized process parameters of the laser welding on sealing thin titanium shell of the neuro-stimulator, and the device is equipped properly in medical treatments.     

4.5 GPa静水压活塞圆筒式高压装置的压力检测分析及压力校正

 本文提供了提高现有活塞圆筒式高压装置流体静压强的一种实验方法。成功地制作了锰铜丝压力计，并利用铋丝相变准确地做了压力校正。各箍的应力检测分析和相对位移测量都表明：无论压腔空载或充液时，在0.000 1~3.08 GPa均不显示出同步箍紧作用；上下缸的压强差偏大带来高压暴露的危险。为把流体静压强提高到3.08 GPa以上，建议改进设计；（1）内箍中箍合二为一，外箍分为上下二层，将增加箍力；（2）调整各箍之间接触圆锥面的面积，将有助于同步箍紧；（3）增大密封套圈的无支承面，将减少上下缸压差，有利于安全运行。     

核主泵静压型轴封系统二级密封机理研究

核主泵轴密封是核电设备的关键部件之一,探究其密封机理,实现国产化设计,具有重大意义.核主泵静压型轴封系统二级密封一般设计为一级密封失效时承受全部载荷.所研究的二级密封结构全压差(15.5 MPa)工作时的密封机理尚不明确.本文中采用流固耦合模型研究了一级密封失效时,二级密封的工作机理.结果表明:一级密封失效时,二级密封是非接触式静压型密封.在压差和动环变形环板变形产生的力的共同作用下,密封端面形成锥角为1 300.9μrad的收敛间隙;当入口水温65℃时,泄漏率为1 867.8 L/h.动环变形环板的变形有阻碍动环变形锥角增大的作用.动环变形环板厚度越大,密封泄漏率越大.密封介质入口温度以及材料的摩擦性能对密封性能亦有影响.此外,一级正常工作时,二级密封是接触式形式,采用混合润滑模型对其性能作了分析,分析表明一级密封正常工作时,二级密封压差约为0.17 MPa,密封为混合润滑状态,泄漏率为11.4 mL/h,端面温升23.9℃.     

核电站一回路用机械密封

机械密封在各类核电站的一回路中有大量应用.核电站一回路用机械密封是核电站的关键部件之一,其性能好坏很大程度上决定着核电站能否长周期安全可靠运行.本文以几种具有代表性的核电站反应堆堆型为例,对其一回路用机械密封进行了介绍,这些反应堆分别以水、氦气和液态金属为冷却剂并跨越第二代到第四代核电技术.首先介绍了压水堆核主泵机械密封,分别叙述了美式风格的流体静压型核主泵密封及欧式风格的流体动压型核主泵密封的结构特点、工作原理和最新的基础研究状况;随后介绍了高温气冷堆氦气轮机/氦气风机干气密封的结构特点、使用要求及相应的针对性设计;最后介绍了钠冷快堆钠泵机械密封,包括1种惰性气体缓冲、油膜润滑的三级串联式机械密封和1种直接以液态金属润滑的螺旋槽式机械密封.