Optimization of type-II frequency doubling of spatial and temporal limited laser light in nonlinear crystals

Type-II frequency doubling of short Gaussian laser pulses is studied theoretically. The situation is analysed when the group velocity mismatch and the walk-off angle of the interacting waves limit the frequency conversion efficiency. It is shown that with collinear ‘o’ and ‘e’ polarized fundamental waves a temporal and spatial separation of the fundamental beams is necessary to compensate for both effects. Results of the presented model are discussed for KDP crystals.     

非相干光纤激光组束中光栅参数的确定

光栅衍射效率是非相干光纤激光组束系统的关键,理论分析和数值仿真表明光栅衍射效率随着光栅频率和光栅厚度的减小而增大。全面综合考虑光栅频率应该选取在200mm-1和400mm-1之间,光栅厚度在1mm到2mm之间。同时提出了一种不等间隔方法提高系统总体衍射效率,该方法较等间隔条件下衍射效率提高了0.1651。     

Generation of attosecond pulses in molecular nitrogen

We investigate the carrier-envelope phase dependence of the total ionization yield for single and double ionization of xenon. We compare our results to theoretical calculations and to the phase dependent asymmetry in photoelectron emission. We observe that the phase dependence of the photoion yields, regardless if single or double ionization, is at least 2-3 orders of magnitude below the photoelectron emission signal. We conclude that total photoionization yields are only very weakly dependent on the carrier envelope phase, and that they are not a useful means for measurement of the phase. It seems possible that the broad bandwidth of few-cycle pulses facilitates multiphoton ionization, which leads to a randomization of strong field ionization phase dependencies. Besides, we observe that the spatial asymmetry in photoelectron emission appears to be useful as an indicator for the laser pulse duration in the few cycle regime.     

Simultaneous wavelength conversion and pulse compression exploiting cascaded second-order nonlinear processes in LiNbO3 waveguides

Simultaneous wavelength conversion and pulse compression are proposed and demonstrated exploiting cascaded second-order nonlinear processes in periodically domain-inverted LiNbO₃ waveguides. The influences of initial pulse widths and waveguide length on the conversion efficiency and converted pulse compression are theoretically analyzed. Tunable wavelength conversion is performed for the signal pulse with the temporal width of 7.5 ps and repetition rate of 40 GHz. Conversion efficiency of more than −24 dB is obtained for 35-nm conversion span under average signal power of 10 dBm when a CW control wave is adopted.     

Photoelectric Properties of the In/CuIn3Se5 and In/CuGa3Se5 Structures

Using the method of oriented crystallization of a melt (a vertical variant), we grew homogeneous single crystals of the ternary compounds CuIn₃Se₅ and CuGa₃Se₅. Photosensitive structures based on them were created for the first time, the spectral dependences of the relative quantum efficiency of the phototransformation of structures were investigated, and the energy gap width of the ternary compounds was determined. It is established that the CuIn₃Se₅ and CuGa₃Se₅ compounds are materials with direct interband transitions. We show that the structures created can be used as wideband photoconverters of natural radiation.     

光电效应实验仪器及实验方法的改进

对ZKY－GD－3型光电效应实验仪做了测试研究，给出了普朗克常量的实验结果。     

Inspection of the efficiency of conductive clothing examination

High voltage live-line maintenance (LLM) is a commonly applied method worldwide to execute planned works in the grid economically [1]. In case of bare-hand technique workers wear a so-called conductive clothing acting as a Faraday-cage which protects them against the high electric fields during the work.     

无创血液成分检测中基于VIP分析的波长筛选

自变量筛选是定量光谱分析领域的研究热点,简便且高效的自变量筛选方法不但可以降低分析计算量,提高分析精度,同时还可以减轻对仪器光谱分辨能力的依赖,降低分析成本。波长筛选也是光谱法无创血液成分检测研究的重要环节。动态光谱理论为血液无创检测提供了极佳的思路,但长期局限于使用宽带光源和高分辨率的光谱仪器,分析中需要大量波长限制了动态光谱法的进一步发展。为了去除冗余信息,使检测走向低成本化和集成化,提出了基于变量投影重要性(variable importance in projection,VIP)分析的波长筛选方法。通过分析PLS模型中各维自变量对因变量的解释能力,从而剔除重要性较低的变量保留解释能力强的波长。以232例受试者的临床实验数据为基础,以血红蛋白含量为分析对象,经投影重要性分析后将波长数由586降至64,波长筛选后血红蛋白预测模型的测试集平均相对误差(MREP)为1.82%,使用了极少的波长便可得到满意的结果;结合Bootstrap方法对模型进行显著性检验后验证了波长变量的解释能力。首次指出了使用动态光谱法检测血红蛋白的敏感波长带。基于投影重要性分析的波长筛选迈出了动态光谱走向实用的重要一步,为实现低成本在线分析打下了基础,同时也为其他领域的光谱分析提供了重要的参考和新的思路。     

Advantages of using gold hollow nanoshells in cancer photothermal therapy

Lots of studies have been conducted on the optical properties of gold nanoparticles in the first region of near infrared(650 nm–950 nm), however new findings show that the second region of near-infrared(1000 nm–1350 nm) penetrates to the deeper tissues of the human body. Therefore, using the above-mentioned region in photo-thermal therapy(PTT) of cancer will be more appropriate. In this paper, absorption efficiency is calculated for gold spherical and rod-shaped nanoshells by the finite element method(FEM). The results show that the surface plasmon frequency of these nanostructures is highly dependent on the dimension and thickness of shell and it can be adjusted to the second region of near-infrared. Thus, due to their optical tunability and their high absorption efficiency the hollow nanoshells are the most appropriate options for eradicating cancer tissues.     

Strip silicon waveguide for code synchronization in all-optical analog-to-digital conversion based on a lumped time-delay compensation scheme

An all-optical analog-to-digital converter(ADC) based on the nonlinear effect in a silicon waveguide is a promising candidate for overcoming the limitation of electronic devices and is suitable for photonic integration. In this paper, a lumped time-delay compensation scheme with 2-bit quantization resolution is proposed. A strip silicon waveguide is designed and used to compensate for the entire time-delays of the optical pulses after a soliton self-frequency shift(SSFS) module within a wavelength range of 1550 nm–1580 nm. A dispersion coefficient as high as-19800 ps/(km·nm) with ±0.5 ps/(km·nm)variation is predicted for the strip waveguide. The simulation results show that the maximum supportable sampling rate(MSSR) is 50.45 GSa/s with full width at half maximum(FWHM) variation less than 2.52 ps, along with the 2-bit effectivenumber-of-bit and Gray code output.