Study of In Situ Formation of Magnesium Hydroxide Whisker via Basic Magnesium Chloride Whisker Regulated by Organic Parcels at Low Temperature

In this work, we demonstrate an in situ phase conversion from basic magnesium chloride（BMC） into magnesium hydroxide whisker by using polar organic solvent at low temperature. The morphology and phase composition of magnesium hydroxide whiskers prepared at different reaction temperature, alkali concentration and organic solvent were analyzed by X-ray diffraction（XRD） and scanning electronic microscope（SEM）. It was found that when one of the organic solvents such as absolute ethyl alcohol, butanol, polyethylene glycol（PEG-400）, acetone, et al. was selected as the template, the precursor BMC can transform into whisker-like magnesium hydroxide through precipitate transformation in low temperature and non-hydrothermal system. It can be reasonably explained that the regulation of Mg^2＋ solubility by those organic solvents and the sustained release of Mg^2＋ dissolution by organic adsorption played a significant role in the formation of magnesium hydroxide whisker via BMC whisker as the precursor.     

羟基磷灰石/聚乙烯醇/壳聚糖水凝胶在模拟体液中的力学性能

从仿生学角度出发,将自制的人工角膜支架材料羟基磷灰石/聚乙烯醇/壳聚糖(n-HA/PVA/CS)浸泡在模拟体液中,对材料的含水率及力学性能进行了测试,并利用扫描电镜、X射线衍射仪、电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱仪及热重分析仪研究了材料在模拟体液中的形貌、晶体结构、元素组成及热稳定性.结果表明,在模拟体液中,n-HA/PVA/CS复合水凝胶的含水率为80%~86%,具有较高的拉伸强度,能承受正常眼压,且热稳定性较好.在浸泡后期,n-HA/CS/PVA复合材料对Ca2+的吸附和释放达到动态平衡;而其表面含有微量的纳米羟基磷灰石沉积,有利于纤维细胞的长入.     

Spectral analysis of Sr 3d XPS spectrum in Sr-containing hydroxyapatite

The Sr 3d X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) spectrum of Sr-containing hydroxyapatite (SHAp) overlaps completely with the P 2p spectrum. Thus, the chemical state identification of Sr in SHAp is a challenging task. In this work, the Sr 3d spectrum was isolated from the overlapping spectra for analyzing the chemical state of Sr using a generic peak-fitting method. The SHAp layers containing various Sr concentrations were produced on a Ti substrate using a chemical treatment process with a calcium phosphate slurry that included Sr (NO₃)₂. The distribution of the constituent elements changed according to the Sr concentration, implying that the chemical state of Sr varied with concentration. The isolation of the Sr 3d XPS spectrum was conducted via spectral deconvolution using the P 2p spectrum corresponding to HAp. The isolated Sr 3d spectrum revealed that the chemical state of Sr was in SrO and Sr-substituted HAp states, and their ratio varied with the Sr concentration in the layer. The SrO to Sr-substituted HAp ratios affected the Sr ion releasing behavior from the SHAp layer, supporting the validity of the obtained analytical results.     

添加CaSO4·2H2O为晶种制备磷石膏半水硫酸钙晶须

以固体废弃物磷石膏为原料,在传统常压醇水热法的基础上添加CaSO₄·2H₂O为晶种制备半水硫酸钙晶须。采用单因素试验法探究了晶种含量、丙三醇含量和磷石膏质量分数对晶须结构和形貌的影响,确定晶须的最佳制备工艺条件。采用SEM和XRD对样品进行表征分析,实验结果表明:添加CaSO₄·2H₂O晶种制备晶须的长径比(49.29)比只添加丙三醇的样品的长径比(30.99)提高了近60%;当丙三醇与水的体积比(V)为1、晶种含量为1%、磷石膏质量分数为5%时制备的晶须的平均直径为0.65 μm,长径比达到了62.15,晶须的尺寸均匀。这说明添加1%CaSO₄·2H₂O晶种、V为1的丙三醇和质量分数为5%的磷石膏在常压下能制备出高长径比和尺寸均匀的半水硫酸钙晶须。     

微波加热在高岭石表面制备ZnO纳米微晶及其机理分析

报道了一种新的制备纳米氧化锌的方法, 即在微波辐射条件下, 将熔融态聚乙二醇(PEG)直接插入到高岭石层间, 继续延长辐射时间使高岭石发生剥片. 以剥片的高岭石片晶为模板, 经微波加热水解, 在其表面合成了簇状纳米氧化锌晶须.     

Molecular simulation of water behaviors on crystal faces of hydroxyapatite

The water behavior on (001) and (100) crystal faces of hydroxyapatite (HAP) were studied using molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. The study showed that the water molecules between the HAP faces were under conditions of strong electrical field and high pressure, and hence formed 2–3 well-organized water layers on the crystal surfaces. These structured water layers had ice-like features. Compared with the crystallographic [100] direction of HAP, the polarity along the [001] direction was stronger, which resulted in more structured water layers on the surface. The interaction of water molecules with the calcium and phosphate sites at the HAP-water interface was also studied. The results indicated the multiple pathways of water adsorption onto the HAP surfaces. This study revealed the formation and the detailed structure of water layers on HAP surfaces and suggested that the interfacial water played an important role in stabilizing the HAP particles in aqueous solutions. Translated from Chinese Journal of Inorganic Chemistry, 2006, 22(8): 1392–1400 (in Chinese)     

初始钙-磷物质的量比值对超长羟基磷灰石纳米纤维微观结构的影响

羟基磷灰石(HA)晶体的形核和生长与表面活性剂、初始钙-磷物质的量比值(nCa,0/nP,0)密切相关.因此,本研究以油酸为表面活性剂制备高柔韧超长HA纳米纤维,利用X射线衍射(XRD)、FTIR、场发射扫描电镜(FESEM)和能量色散X射线谱(EDS)探究了不同nCa,0/nP,0对HA纳米纤维微观结构的影响,并基于...     

纳米羟基磷灰石纳米管的一种简便制备方法及其对溶液中重金属离子的吸附

采用简便的方法合成了20~40 nm长、56 m^2·g^-1的比表面积的羟基磷灰石纳米管(HAP)。然后用制备的HAP纳米管在水溶液中同时吸附Pb^2+、Cd^2+、Cu^2+、Co^2+、Ni^2+、Zn^2+和Hg^2+,其具有高的吸附能力,并能实现快速去除。此外,制备的HAP纳米管对7种重金属离子的脱附率均小于1%,表现出较强的稳定性。实验数据采用Langmuir等温线模型和Freundlich等温线模型进行分析。2个方程的应用结果表明,吸附平衡最适合Langmuir模型,单层饱和吸附能力为958.28 mg·g^-1,具有较好的吸附性能。通过能量色散X射线光谱(EDS)和X射线衍射(XRD)图进一步研究了吸附机理,结果表明,当溶液中Pb^2+离子数量足够时,吸附机理为Pb取代了HAP中的Ca,形成了更稳定的Pb5(PO4)3(OH)。上述实验研究预测了利用HAP纳米管处理含铅废水在环境污染治理中的可行性。     

天然高分子复合羟基磷灰石材料的制备与应用

羟基磷灰石(HA)是人类与动物骨骼中主要无机物组成成分,因其具有良好的生物相容性、生物活性和骨传导作用,作为新型合成生物材料已应用于骨组织的修复与替代技术。本文在介绍HA主要制备方法(如:沉淀法、乳液法、水热反应法、溶胶-凝胶法、机械化学法、固态合成法、水解法、超声化学法、热解法、模板法和电沉积法等)和应用的基础上,重点综述了各类天然高分子与HA复合材料的制备及应用研究进展。天然高分子,如:纤维素、淀粉、甲壳素、壳聚糖、蛋白(包括胶原蛋白、明胶、角蛋白、丝蛋白和植物蛋白)等,与HA复合后制备的天然高分子复合羟基磷灰石材料,在保持其生物相容性的同时,又能改善复合材料的机械性能与生物活性,使其可用于医用材料、载体材料和吸附分离材料。最后,本文指出为了满足生物体内的特殊环境(如强的韧性、与骨生长速度匹配性能等)及不同领域的要求,天然高分子复合HA材料需要发展的方向。     

双模板介导合成类骨磷灰石的研究进展

天然骨形成是一个多模板协同共组装的过程。与单模板自组装相比,双模板介导合成的类骨磷灰石具有与天然骨更加相近的多级结构,在生物矿化研究领域具有更重要的研究意义。本文介绍了双模板介导合成类骨磷灰石的研究进展,探讨了双模板的选择、设计及模板分子间的相互作用,阐述了模板对磷灰石晶体成核的调控机制。通过双模板介导自组装生成的磷灰石材料,以其特有的仿生多级结构和骨诱导效果,在骨缺损修复、齿科修复、表面涂层及药物载体等领域具有广阔的应用前景。