级联分层优化的薄膜电致发光

根据发光层中电子能量分布的不均匀性,在分层优化薄膜电致发光器件的发光层中插入SiO2层,即级联分层优化薄膜电致发光器件。结果表明:由于SiO2的加速作用,这种方法确实可以提高过热电子的能量。但发光强度及发光效率的提高还受发光层的结晶状态的影响。插入一层SiO2后,样品的绿光强度提高了60%,发光效率也有所增加。插入两层SiO2后,由于发光层结晶状态变差,绿光强度及发光效率都降低了。     

热电子与聚变等离子体相互作用模拟计算的误差分析

对惯性约束聚变(ICF)实验条件下热电子辐照聚变等离子体（DD,DT）的射程岐离和散射进行了分析。结果表明,射程岐离和散射随射程增加近似呈直线增加;射程岐离和散射大小与等离子质量有一定关系。在单能热电子入射下,散射是计算结果误差的主要来源,误差在5%以下,绝对数在数十MA。入射束流的电子完全沉积在热斑中的聚焦角度,在边沿点火方式中,氘等离子体中为20.64,氘氚等离子体中为21.8;在中心加热方式中,氘等离子体中为16.36,氘氚等离子体中为17.6,在技术上相对易于实现。     

甲烷-空气最小点火能量预测理论模型

 最小点火能是可燃气体危险性辨识的重要参数之一。为从理论上得到混合气体的最小点火能,建立了可燃气体火花点火的物理模型,给出了通过数值模拟得到的可燃气体最小点火能量的预测方法,采用该方法得到了甲烷-空气混合气火花点火的临界温度及最小点火能量。结果表明：甲烷-空气混合气的最小点火能量与浓度呈U型关系,浓度为8.5%的预混气的最小点火能量计算值为0.39 mJ,与实验值0.4 mJ吻合较好。     

六面顶压机高压腔体温度场的数值模拟

 以有限元法为分析手段,在模型和边界条件适当简化的条件下,对六面顶压机高压腔体的温度场进行了数值模拟计算,得出了腔体内的温度分布。在此基础上通过调整模型参数,定性讨论了样品组装设计中组装材料、加热器形状以及导电金属环厚度对温度场的影响。数值模拟结果表明：用氧化锆替代叶蜡石作为堵头和保温材料可以提高样品区的温度,降低功率的消耗并减小样品区的温度梯度;与圆筒形加热器组装相比,中间厚两端薄的变圆筒形加热器组装能提供更高的样品中心温度和较小的温度梯度;使用导电金属环的加热组装时,适当增加金属环的厚度有利于获得较理想的温度分布。研究结果对优化高压实验的样品组装设计、改善温度梯度及保护设备具有一定的参考价值。     

A three‐dimensional surface‐enhanced Raman scattering substrate: Au nanoparticle supramolecular self‐assembly in anodic aluminum oxide template

A three‐dimensional surface‐enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) substrate via the self‐assembly of properly sized Au nanoparticles in anodic aluminum oxide templates was designed and prepared. Au nanoparticles first underwent hydrophobic surface modification. Then, the hydrophobic Au nanoparticles self‐assembled, aggregated and formed many hot spots in the anodic aluminum oxide templates through a supramolecular interaction. We chose thiophenol as a probe molecule to evaluate the SERS enhancement ability of this three‐dimensional substrate. The enhancement factor was calculated to be 4.6 × 10⁶ under the radiation of a 785‐nm laser. By further comparing SERS signals from different points on the same substrate, we confirmed that this substrate possessed good reproducibility and could be applied for SERS detection. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Pr1-xCexB6阴极材料的原位反应合成及性能研究

本文以CeH2,PrH2纳米粉和B粉为原料,在无氧环境下采用放电等离子原位反应成功制备了单相多元稀土六硼化物Pr1-xCexB6=（x=0．2—0．8）阴极材料．系统研究了掺杂元素Ce对Pr1-xCexB6的物相组成、力学性能及热电子发射性能的影响．结果表明,当烧结温度为1450℃,烧结压强为50MPa时可制得单相的Pr1-xCexB6多晶块体材料并且该系列样品具有良好的力学性能,维氏硬度和抗弯强度最高值分别达到了24．34GPa和226．02MPa,已达到单晶水平．热电子发射性能结果表明,随着Ce掺杂量的增加Pr1-xCexB6的发射电流密度线性增加．当阴极温度为1973K,外加电压为950V时,Pr0．4Ce0．686最大发射电流密度达到47-3A．cm^-2,该值远高于传统热压烧结法制备的发射电流密度．因此,本文该方法制备的Pr1-xCexB6多晶块体具有良好的力学性能和发射性能,作为热阴极材料将会有很好的应用前景．     

热核的热稳定曲线

从核极限温度的角度研究了热核的热稳定性.采用Skyrme相互作用力计算热核同位素的极限温度,得到的极限温度的同位素分布呈现出倒置抛物线的趋势,与中能重离子反应多重碎裂中同位素产额分布的实验结果具有一致的行为表现.系统地计算了从轻到重的一系列元素极限温度的同位素分布,并从中抽取出热核的热稳定曲线.与β稳定线相比,热核的热稳定线更加偏丰中子.     

曲轴箱窜气量检测仪的研制

介绍了车用压差式气体流量传感器的结构设计和电测电路，指出了传感器的使用范围，由实验测出了特性曲线．该仪器可检测车用发动机曲轴箱窜气量，适用于发动机不解体故障诊断．     

The Newton modified barrier method for QP problems

The Modified Barrier Functions (MBF) have elements of both Classical Lagrangians (CL) and Classical Barrier Functions (CBF). The MBF methods find an unconstrained minimizer of some smooth barrier function in primal space and then update the Lagrange multipliers, while the barrier parameter either remains fixed or can be updated at each step. The numerical realization of the MBF method leads to the Newton MBF method, where the primal minimizer is found by using Newton's method. This minimizer is then used to update the Lagrange multipliers. In this paper, we examine the Newton MBF method for the Quadratic Programming (QP) problem. It will be shown that under standard second-order optimality conditions, there is a ball around the primal solution and a cut cone in the dual space such that for a set of Lagrange multipliers in this cut cone, the method converges quadratically to the primal minimizer from any point in the aforementioned ball, and continues, to do so after each Lagrange multiplier update. The Lagrange multipliers remain within the cut cone and converge linearly to their optimal values. Any point in this ball will be called a hot start. Starting at such a hot start, at mostO(In In ^-1) Newton steps are sufficient to perform the primal minimization which is necessary for the Lagrange multiplier update. Here, >0 is the desired accuracy. Because of the linear convergence of the Lagrange multipliers, this means that onlyO(In ^-1)O(In In ^-1) Newton steps are required to reach an -approximation to the solution from any hot start. In order to reach the hot start, one has to perform Newton steps, wherem characterizes the size of the problem andC>0 is the condition number of the QP problem. This condition number will be characterized explicitly in terms of key parameters of the QP problem, which in turn depend on the input data and the size of the problem.Partially supported by NASA Grant NAG3-1397 and National Science Foundation Grant DMS-9403218.     

叶轮出口总温总压测量用单热膜吸气探针的研究

在完整地分析热丝工作关系式的基础上,设计了一种用于周期性动态温度测量的单热膜吸气探针,进行了稳态校准实验和频响检测实验,得到了与理论分析良好一致的探针输出对温度和压力的变化特性,通过严格的标定,可以做到探针测量精度在1％以内。探针的频响至少可达20kHz。用该探针成功测出了一台低压离心风机叶轮出口的温度分布,表明这种探针以其高频响和足够高的灵敏度适用于叶轮机械转子出口温度分布测量。