不同靶材超热电子和非线性过程特性的实验研究

在“星光Ⅱ”上进行几种特殊靶材盘靶和特殊结构腔靶产生超热电子和非线性过程 (受激Raman散射 (SRS)、双等离子体衰变 (TPD)、受激布里渊散射 (SBS)特征实验研究。该实验表明 :低ZCH泡沫或CH膜对抑制超热电子预热和非线性过程的产生是不利的 ,它们不作腔的第一打击面。     

Antioxidant,Antimicrobial, and Metabolomic Characterization of Blanched Pomegranate Peel Extracts: Effect of Cultivar

Hot water blanching at 80 °C for 3 min can be used as a novel pre-treatment step in pomegranate peel to preserve the integrity of the phytochemical content within the peel extracts by lowering or inactivating enzymes such as polyphenol (PPO) oxidase and peroxidase (POD) that are responsible for the break-down of phytochemicals within the peel. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of hot water blanching pre-treatment on yield, bioactive compounds, antioxidants, enzyme inactivation, and antibacterial activity of ‘Wonderful’, ‘Acco’, and ‘Herskawitz’ pomegranate peel extracts. We used a variety of spectrophotometric-based assays and liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (LC-MS)-based approach to characterize and quantify metabolites within the peel extracts. Blanching significantly (p < 0.05) reduced PPO activity in all peel extracts, with the highest PPO reduction in ‘Herskawitz’ peel extracts at 0.25 U/mL. Furthermore, higher antioxidant activity in ‘Herskawitz’ blanched peel extracts using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl hydrazyl (DPPH) antioxidant activity, ferric ion reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), and 2,2-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid (ABTS) radical scavenging activity at 567.78 ± 9.47 µmol Trolox/g DM, 800.05 ± 1.60 µmol Trolox/g DM, and 915.27 ± 0.61 µmol Trolox/g DM, respectively, was noted. ‘Herskawitz’ blanched peel extracts were recorded with the lowest minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) value of 80 µg/mL for Gram-positive Bacillus subtilis and Gram-negative Klebsiella pneumoniae bacteria strains. A total of 30 metabolites were present in ‘Acco’ and ‘Herskawitz’ peel extracts and were tentatively identified after LC-MS profiling. This study demonstrates that blanched peel extracts from ‘Herskawitz’ cultivar have great potential for commercial use in value-added products in the nutraceutical, cosmeceutical, and pharmacological industries.     

聚合物压敏胶的动态粘弹频率谱表征

针对丙烯酸乳液型和橡胶热融型压敏胶在宏观三大力学性能上的差异,运用动态粘弹频率谱表征技术,在压敏胶的粘合频率(0.01 Hz)至剥离频率(100 Hz)范围内,对两种不同类型压敏胶的流变学行为进行了对比研究.研究结果表明:在实验频率范围内,两类压敏胶在储能模量(E′)、损耗模量(E″)、损耗因子(tanδ)和粘度(η)等性质上有较大差别并呈现出不同的变化规律.根据实验结果和聚合物流变学基本理论,粘合频率下(0.01 Hz左右),E′较低的聚合物其压敏胶初粘性较高;剥离频率下(100 Hz左右),E″较大的聚合物其压敏胶的180°剥离强度较大;η,E′较高的聚合物其压敏胶持粘时间较长.     

衬底材料对制备立方氮化硼薄膜的影响

较系统地研究了不同衬底材料对制备氮化硼薄膜的影响。用热丝增强射频等离子体CVD法,以NH3,B2H6和H2为反应气体,在Si,Ni,Co和不锈钢等衬底材料上,成功生长出高质量的立方氮化硼薄膜,还用13.56MHz的射频溅射系统将c-BN薄膜沉积在Si衬底上,靶材为h-BN(纯度为99.99％）,溅射气体为氩气和氮气的混合气体,所得到的氮化硼薄膜中立方相含量高于90%,用X射线衍射谱和傅里叶变换红谱对样品进行了分析表明,衬底材料与c-BN的晶格匹配情况,对于CVD生长立方氮化硼薄膜影响很大,而对溅射生长立方氮化硼薄膜影响不大。     

Diffusion-Generated Motion by Mean Curvature for Filaments

Summary. Diffusion-generated motion by mean curvature is a simple algorithm for producing motion by mean curvature of a surface, in which the motion is generated by alternately diffusing and renormalizing a characteristic function. In this paper, we generalize diffusion-generated motion to a procedure that can be applied to the curvature motion of filaments, i.e., curves in R ^3, that may initially consist of a complex configuration of links. The method consists of applying diffusion to a complex-valued function whose values wind around the filament, followed by normalization. We motivate this approach by considering the essential features of the complex Ginzburg-Landau equation, which is a reaction-diffusion PDE that describes the formation and propagation of filamentary structures. The new algorithm naturally captures topological merging and breaking of filaments without fattening curves. We justify the new algorithm with asymptotic analysis and numerical experiments. Received October 30, 2000; accepted September 28, 2001 Online publication December 5, 2001     

Relationship Between Photocatalytic Activity and Structure of TiO2 Thin Film

TiO2 thin films with different crystalline structures were prepared by the CVD method. The relationship between photocatalytic activity of a TiO2 thin film and its crystalline type was investigated. These films were characterized by XRD and AFM. Their photocatalytic properties were tested by the degradation of NO2-. The results showed that the crystalline structures of TiO2 thin films are primary anatase and/or rutile when the preparation temperatures were less than 573 K and higher than 773 K respectively. When the preparation temperature was around 623 K, the structures of TiO2 thin films were mixed crystalline structure, which showed the highest catalytic activity. When the ratio of rutile to anatase in TiO2 thin films fell between 0.5 and 0.7, the highest catalytic activity for the degradation of NO2- was found.     

在预涂陶瓷过渡层的多谱段ZnS衬底上沉积金刚石膜的探索研究

本文采用真空电子束蒸镀技术在多谱段ZnS衬底上沉积了适合金刚石膜沉积的致密陶瓷过渡层,并利用微波等离子体CVD金刚石膜低温沉积技术进行了金刚石膜沉积研究.发现在陶瓷过渡层上的金刚石形核极其困难,其原因可能是陶瓷涂层在沉积过程中龟裂导致ZnS蒸汽扩散逸出干扰金刚石形核所致.本文采用诱导形核技术在过渡层/ZnS试样表面观察到极高密度(1010/cm2)的金刚石形核,并对金刚石/过渡层/ZnS试样的红外透过特性进行了评价.     

ZnS晶体的化学气相沉积生长

本文报道了用化学气相沉积(CVD)法生长ZnS透明多晶体的实验结果,对生长的晶体的物理化学性能进行了测试,讨论了化学气相沉积工艺中影响ZnS晶体质量的因素.结果表明:选用固体硫作原料,用化学气相沉积方法,可以沉积出透明ZnS多晶体;它的透过性能极其优异,在6.2μm处无吸收峰,在中、长波红外透过率可达70;以上.     

CVD法生长ZnSe的工艺分析

采用单质Se为原料(Zn-Se-H2-Ar体系)来生长CVD ZnSe,初步分析了这种工艺的机理,并详细分析了各种工艺参数对生长ZnSe的影响.这些工艺参数包括沉积腔的温度和压力,Zn坩埚和Se坩埚的温度,各路载流气体的流量.对这些工艺参数进行调整和精确控制,并控制好Zn蒸气和Se蒸气气嘴处的ZnSe生长形态,生长出了质量良好的ZnSe多晶体,透过率超过70;.     

大面积B掺杂CVD金刚石膜的制备研究

研究了采用B2O3作为掺杂源以EACVD法沉积大面积掺杂CVD金刚石膜,用SEM、Raman、二次离子质谱仪、四探针电阻仪等对B掺杂金刚石膜进行了分析.结果表明直径达100mm的大面积B掺杂金刚石膜的晶粒分布均匀,非金刚石碳含量较少,生长速率达到10μm/h以上;B掺杂改变了金刚石膜的成分和结构,高浓度掺杂可以细化晶粒,在高浓度掺杂的膜中存在一定的非晶态碳;金刚石膜中B的含量在一定范围内随着掺杂源浓度的增加而正比增加;金刚石膜的电阻率随着掺杂源B2O3的浓度的增加而下降,当掺杂达到一定浓度时,金刚石膜的电阻率逐渐趋向稳定.