129Xe30+与Au作用激发的Au M-X射线 与Xe L-X射线

探测了动能为1.0——7.0 MeV的¹²⁹Xe³⁰⁺ 入射Au表面产生的X射线谱. 实验结果表明, 入射离子动能较高时, 不仅激发出很强的Au的M-X射线, 还激发出了Xe的L-X射线, 且X射线产额与入射离子动能有强相关性. 分析了X射线产额与入射离子动能的关系.     

The diffracted sound field from the transition region of an axisymmetric body in water

Understanding the physical features of the diffracted sound field on the surface of an axisymmetric body is important for predicting the self-noise of a sonar mounted on an underwater platform.The diffracted sound field from the transition region of an axisymmetric body was calculated by the geometrical theory of diffraction.The diffraction ray between the source point and the receiving point on the surface of an axisymmetric body was calculated by using the dynamic programming method.Based on the diffracted sound field,a simulation scheme for the noise correlation of the conformal array was presented.It was shown that the normalized pressure of the diffracted sound field from the transition region reduced with the increases of the frequency and the curvature of the ray.The flow noises of two models were compared and a rather optimum fore-body geometric shape was given.Furthermore,it was shown that the correlation of the flow noise in the low frequencies was stronger than that in the high frequencies.And the flow noise received by the acoustic array on the curved surface had a stronger correlation than that on the head plane at the designed center frequency,which is important for sonar system design.     

大气压等离子体针产生空气均匀放电特性研究

大气压空气放电由于脱离了真空装置,易于实现流水线生产,因而在工业上具有广泛的应用. 采用等离子体针装置在空气中产生了稳定的大气压均匀放电. 利用光谱法对等离子体的相关参数进行了空间分辨率测量,并通过光学方法对放电机理进行了研究. 结果表明,等离子体针产生的放电存在电晕放电和等离子体羽放电两种模式. 在稳定的等离子体羽放电模式中,发光分为强光区和弱光区. 弱光区放电的发展速度远大于强光区的发展速度,电子能量和电子密度均是弱光区比强光区大. 对均匀放电的气体温度和振动温度的研究表明,强光区放电遵循汤生击穿机理而弱光区为流光放电. 这些结果对大气压空气放电的工业应用具有重要意义. 关键词： 大气压均匀放电 等离子体针 发射光谱 放电机理     

平行共轴线圈的磁场特征研究与实验设计

通过计算机及相关的传感器和数据采集接口辅助,研究了平行共轴双线圈间距分别为0.5R,R,1.5R时,轴线方向磁场强度的分布规律及特征.从平行共轴双线圈间距为R的亥姆霍兹线圈所形成的均匀磁场出发,结合理论推导,自己设计并组装了三线圈实验装置,实现了平行共轴三线圈均匀磁场区域扩大、强度增强的实验设计,在一定程度上弥补了传统亥姆霍兹线圈磁场测量的不足并有助于对其深入的理解和研究.     

基于质心理念的无线传感网络路由协议的研究与改进*

在无线传感器网络中存在诸如节点能量损耗以及数据传输时所存在的时延等问题,因此在深入研究PEGASIS以及相关改进算法的基础上,并结合力学中质心的概念而提出一种基于质心理念的链式算法CMC-PEGASIS(Center of mass concept-PEGASIS)。该算法将整个传感器区域分成等宽的五个子区域,通过计算每个子区域内节点至基站的距离并按照距离与基站的远近来成链。其次引入质心的概念找到每个区域节点的能量中心,同时结合节点自身的能耗以及每个节点与基站的距离关系,得到每个子区域中的最佳的簇头节点,最后每个区域的簇头节点直接与基站完成信息的传输。经过理论分析和仿真结果得知：CMC-PEGASIS算法降低了全局能耗、减少了信息延迟率同时延长了网络的生命周期。     

X-ray spectra induced by slow highly charged Ar q + ions in collision with Nb surface

The X-ray spectra of Nb surface induced by Ar ^q+ (q = 16,17) ions with the energy range from 10 to 20 keV/q were studied by the optical spectrum technology. The experimental results indicate that the multi-electron excitation occurred as a highly charged Ar¹⁶⁺ ion was neutralized below the metal surface. The K shell electron of Ar¹⁶⁺ was excited and then de-excited cascadly to emit K X-ray. The intensity of the X-ray emitted from K shell of the hollow Ar atom decreased with the increase of projectile kinetic energy. The intensity of the X-ray emitted from L shell of the target atom Nb increased with the increase of projectile kinetic energy. The X-ray yield of Ar¹⁷⁺ is three magnitude orders larger than that of Ar¹⁶⁺. Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos.10774149 and 10405025)     

Electrochemically induced oxidative cyclization of 2,3‐dihydroxypyridine. Synthesis of a novel highly oxygenated heterocyclic compound

Electrochemical oxidation of 2,3‐dihydroxypyridine in aqueous phosphate buffer solution at a glassy carbon electrode has been studied using cyclic voltammetry and controlled potential coulometry. The results indicate that oxidation of 2,3‐dihydroxypyridine on glassy carbon electrode shows an irreversible feature in aqueous solution. This data indicates that the electrochemically generated pyridindione is unstable and via an oxidative conversion pathway converts to a novel highly oxygenated heterocyclic compound. By means of the obtained electrochemical data, an efficient, one‐pot method for the synthesis of this heterocyclic compound based on the oxidative cyclization of 2,3‐dihydroxypyridine under green conditions, and in a good yield and purity is described. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

阴极荧光光谱有效收集效率的计算与测量（I）

从点光源均匀发光模型出发,重点导出了回转半椭球面镜的阴极荧光(Cathodoluminescence,简称CL)光谱有效收集效率η_λ~(eff)的计算公式,分析讨论了收集效率η_λ~(eff)与椭球参数e、收集角、Δφ出射角Δ(?)以及出射光束方位角θ_N的关系,给出了相应的理论计算和模拟实验结果.研究表明,理论计算与实验结果一致.     

一种模拟热导率的非平衡分子动力学方法

提出一种计算热导率的非平衡分子动力学(NEMD)方法,通过构造均匀内热源获得抛物线形温度分布,并基于Fourier导热定律计算热导率,与Müller-Plathe发展的反扰动非平衡分子动力学(RNEMD)方法相比,不仅具有能量动量守恒和收敛性好的优点,还克服了常规NEMD方法中热冷源区域存在局域热力学非平衡的问题,并有模拟系统温差影响小的特点.对液态氩的热导率进行模拟并与RNEMD方法的模拟结果进行对比.     

"广义芝诺悖论"的再探讨

在第25卷第5期的《大学物理》上,一篇文章对"广义芝诺悖论"进行了探讨,但他们分析的并不是"悖论"中的匀速率的理想运动,而且还存在推导错误.本文通过对"广义芝诺悖论"物理情境的分析,抽象建立起VPV模型,并由此得出:从运动学角度考虑,"广义芝诺悖论"正过程的初态和末态是"多对一"的关系,"广义芝诺悖论"并不为悖论.