球磨对超重力下自蔓延离心熔铸Ti-B-W-C系复相陶瓷微观形貌及力学性能的影响

采用行星式球磨机对超重力离心熔铸Ti-B-W-C复相陶瓷的原始粉料进行球磨,通过对球磨转速的控制得到不同研磨程度的粉料,通过对制得的复相陶瓷进行微观结构和力学性能分析,发现随着球磨机转速的提高,球磨效率大大改善,粉料大幅度细化,Al粉以团絮状均匀附着在片状Ti和WO3晶粒周围.对粉料进行烧制,成功得到宏观致密、微观夹杂和气孔等缺陷明显减少、硬度等力学性能明显提升的复相陶瓷.     

载银羟基磷灰石抗菌剂及陶瓷抗菌性能测定

采用最低抑菌浓度(MIC)和抑菌圈法测定载银羟基磷灰石抗菌剂的抗菌性能,采用24 h抗菌法测定载银羟基磷灰石抗菌陶瓷的抗菌性能.实验结果表明:载银羟基磷灰石抗菌剂和陶瓷具有较好的抗菌性能.抗菌剂MIC随抗菌剂中Ag+掺入量的增加而降低,抑菌圈则随抗菌剂中Ag+掺入量的增加而增大,MIC和抑菌圈实验结果一致,二者均能较好评价抗菌剂的抗菌性能.当陶瓷中4.50; Ag-HA型抗菌剂掺入量为9wt;时,陶瓷抗菌率大于99.9;,且抗菌性能的耐久性效果好.     

发泡法制备羟基磷灰石晶须蜂窝支架材料的研究

采用羟基磷灰石晶须为原料,以月桂酸钾作为发泡剂,羧甲基纤维素作为泡沫稳定剂,通过搅拌发泡得到陶瓷泡沫体,挤压成型及冷冻干燥处理得到陶瓷坯体,再经烧结成功制备了羟基磷灰石晶须多孔陶瓷材料.通过XRD、SEM等对烧结后的多孔陶瓷材料的成分、形貌等进行了表征,并测试了其力学性能.结果表明:750℃煅烧4h的样品为具有400 μm左右的蜂窝直通孔和140 μm的侧壁孔的蜂窝多孔陶瓷材料.采用发泡法可以成功制备出羟基磷灰石晶须多孔骨组织工程支架;且羟基磷灰石晶须多孔支架的主要成分为羟基磷灰石和二氧化硅.     

Pb0.92Sr0.08-xBax(Sb2/3Mn1/3)0.05Zr0.48Ti0.47O3的制备与性能研究

采用传统固相烧结法制备了Pb0.92Sr0.08-xBax(Sb2/3 Mn1/3)005Zr0.48Ti0.47O3(PSBSM-PZT)压电陶瓷样品.研究了不同Sr2+、Ba2+掺杂含量对样品的相结构、微观形貌、压电和介电性能的影响.结果显示:所有样品均为钙钛矿结构.而当x=0.02～0.06时,陶瓷样品组分位于准同型相界区(MPB).由于位于准同型相界区域的陶瓷样品对于电畴的转向具有促进作用,所以处于MPB区域的陶瓷样品具有较大的压电和介电性能,但同时由于电畴转向带来的较大内摩擦和结构损耗,从而提高了材料的机械损耗和介电损耗.当x=0.02时的陶瓷样品获得最佳的综合性能:d33=346 pC/N,kp=0.58,Qm=1217,εr=1724,tanδ=0.774;.     

B2O3对6ST-4LA微波介质陶瓷结构与性能的影响

为降低0.6SrTiO3-0.4LaAlO3(简称6ST-4LA)微波介质陶瓷的烧结温度,采用固相反应法,研究了B2O3对其结构与性能的影响.结果表明:添加B2O3可有效地降低6ST-4LA陶瓷的烧结温度,由1550℃降至1450℃;主晶相仍为赝立方钙钛矿结构固溶体,但有第二相的出现,其含量随着B2O3添加量的增加先降低后升高.当B2O3添加量为0.50wt;在1450℃下烧结时,6ST-4LA陶瓷获得最佳微波介电性能:εr=44.46,Q·f=51127 GHz,τf=-2.3×106/℃.     

用陶瓷坩埚在微波炉中熔化金属的研究

借助碳化硅、氧化锆和增韧莫来石陶瓷坩埚,采用不同微波功率和处理时间,对金属(铝、铜和不锈钢)的熔化行为进行了研究。结果表明:微波熔化金属的升温规律和熔化效果与坩埚种类、微波处理条件、金属种类都具有密切关系。通过比较不同工艺条件下金属熔化特点,对相关试验结果进行了分析。微波熔化金属具有快捷、节能和环保等特点,对金属样品分析、精密铸造和废金属回收等具有实用意义。     

ZrO_2纳米涂层修饰改性陶瓷微滤膜吸附机理研究

分别在MgCl2和NaCl稀溶液中,用AFM研究了四方相ZrO2纳米涂层的表面排斥力随作用距离的变化关系。当作用距离较远时,表现为长程排斥力,当作用距离较近时,为强烈的短程排斥力。Mg2+在ZrO2纳米涂层表面具有特征吸附,而Na+表现出惰性电解质的特征。随着MgCl2浓度的增大,渗透通量呈明显下降的趋势。随着NaCl浓度的增大,渗透通量呈稍有增大的趋势。     

Crystallization of MgFe2O4 from a glass in the system K2O/B2O3/MgO/P2O5/Fe2O3

Spherical magnetic Mg-Fe-O nanoparticles were successfully prepared by the crystallization of glass in the system K₂O/B₂O₃/MgO/P₂O₅/Fe₂O₃. The magnetic glass ceramics were prepared by melting the raw materials using the conventional melt quenching technique followed by a thermal treatment at temperatures in the range 560–700 °C for a time ranging from 2 to 8 h. The studies of the X-ray diffraction, electron microscopy and FTIR spectra confirmed the precipitation of finely dispersed spherical (Mg, Fe) based spinel nanoparticles with a minor quantity of hematite (α-Fe₂O₃) in the glass matrix. The average size of the magnetic nano crystals increases slightly with temperature and time from 9 to 15 nm as determined by the line broadening from the XRD patterns. XRD studies show that annealing the glass samples for long periods of time at temperature ≥604 °C results in an increase of the precipitated hematite concentration, dissolution of the spinel phase and the formation of magnesium di-borate phase (Mg₂B₂O₅). For electron microscopy, the particles were extracted by two methods; (i) replica extraction technique and (ii) dissolution of the glass matrix by diluted acetic acid. An agglomeration of the nano crystals to larger particles (25–35 nm) was observed.     

Spectroscopic properties and mechanism of Tm^3＋/Er^3＋/Yb^3＋ co-doped oxyfluorogermanate glass ceramics containing BaF2 nanocrystals

Transparent Tm^3＋/Er^3＋/yb^3＋ co-doped oxyfluorogermanate glass ceramics containing BaF2 nanocrystals are prepared. Under excitation of a 980-nm laser diode （LD）, compared with the glass before heat treatment, the Tm^3＋/Er^3＋/yb^3＋ co-doped oxyfluorogermanate glass ceramics can emit intense blue, green and red up-conversion luminescence and Stark- split peaks; X-ray diffraction （XRD） and transmission electron microscope （TEM） results show that BaF2 nanocrystals with an average diameter of 20 nm are precipitated from the glass matrix. Stark splitting of the up-conversion luminescence peaks in the glass ceramics indicates that Tm^3＋, Er^3＋ and （or） Yb^3＋ ions are incorporated into the BaF2 nanocrystals. The up-conversion luminescence intensities of Tm^3＋, Er^3＋ and the splitting degree of luminescence peaks in the glass ceramics increase significantly with the increase of heat treat temperature and heat treat time extension. In addition, the possible energy transfer process between rare earth ions and the up-conversion luminescence mechanism are also proposed.     

陶瓷再生粗骨料混凝土力学性能研究

采用硅烷偶联剂KH-550溶液浸泡陶瓷再生粗骨料,改变其表面性能,从而增强陶瓷骨料-水泥石界面的粘结性能。使用处理后的陶瓷骨料制备陶瓷再生混凝土,并对其进行了立方体抗压强度试验和弹性模量测试。结果表明:随着陶瓷粗骨料掺量的增加,再生混凝土的强度降低;当掺量为60%时,再生混凝土的弹性模量较原碎石混凝土提高了3.2%;当掺量为100%时,再生混凝土抗压强度仍然满足要求。