Li掺杂对ZnO陶瓷结构与电学性能的影响

研究了用传统方法在1200～1400℃烧结的ZnO陶瓷，以及用放电等离子体烧结(SPS)方法烧结的ZnO陶瓷的结构特征与电学性能。以ZnO为基添加了不同浓度的LiOH，制备了不同Li掺杂浓度的ZnO陶瓷。研究了掺杂、烧结温度，以及烧结方法等因素对ZnO基陶瓷的微观结构、电学性能的影响。实验表明，用传统方法烧结时，ZnO在烧结温度低于1400℃的情况下难以成瓷，而放电等离子体烧结(SPS)方法可以显著降低烧结温度。ZnO陶瓷的晶粒大小。密度随着烧结温度的增大而增大。在同样的烧结温度下，LiOH含量越大，ZnO基陶瓷的电阻率越大。     

Shaping and Mechanical Reinforcement of Silica Aerogel Biocatalysts with Ceramic Fiber Felts

The synthesis of silica aerogels reinforced with either carbon or silica fibre felts and which encapsulate the lipase PS of Amano (LPS AB025407) obtained from Burkholderia cepacia is described. The materials were further shaped by moulding them in Teflon^® tubes. The silica aerogels were synthesized with various ratios of hydrophobic groups and dried according to the supercritical CO₂ method. Both types of reinforcements improve the catalytic activity of the material per mass of lipase. The fibre felts reinforcements also enable the encapsulation of higher concentrations of lipase. The materials were shaped into small moulded monoliths, which were readily washed and recycled without significant mechanical deterioration or loss of catalytic activity. In addition, hydrophobic carbon felts reinforce more efficiently silica aerogels that incorporate a high ratio of hydrophobic groups, while silica felts strengthen those aerogels that carry a low proportion of hydrophobic groups.     

Structural and electrical properties of lead-free perovskite ceramic: Ba(In1/2Nb1/2)O3

Lead-free perovskite Ba(In_1/2Nb_1/2)O₃ was prepared by conventional ceramic fabrication technique at 1350 °C/5 h in air atmosphere. The crystal symmetry, space group and unit cell dimensions were determined from Rietveld analysis using FullProf software whereas crystallite size and lattice strain were estimated from Williamson-Hall approach. XRD analysis of the compound indicated the formation of a single-phase cubic structure with the space group Pm3m. EDAX and SEM studies were carried out in order to evaluate the quality and purity of the compound. Complex impedance as well as electric modulus analyses suggested the dielectric relaxation to be of non-Debye type. The correlated barrier hopping (CBH) model was employed to successfully explain the mechanism of charge transport in Ba(In_1/2Nb_1/2)O₃.     

组合式隔热陶瓷短杆高温SHPB实验技术

讨论和分析了当前高温分离式霍普金森压杆(SHPB)实验技术,为了获得材料在高温下可靠的动态力学性能,建立了一套在压杆和试件之间添加隔热陶瓷短杆的高温SHPB实验系统。相比于传统接触式高温SHPB方案,该系统可以使用在更高的冲击载荷和温度下,与机械对杆方案相比,实验装置及其控制要简便许多。结合有限元模拟,对陶瓷短杆及温度场对压杆中应力波传播的影响进行了相应的评估,并利用这套实验系统得到了800℃下HR2抗氢钢的动态压缩应力-应变曲线。     

加速器电水锤数值模拟与实验研究

强流加速器水介质形成线放电或击穿形成的冲击波对陶瓷真空界面具有破坏作用。为获得该冲击载荷的信息,应用通用软件ANSYS/LS-DYNA建立了一种水下爆炸有限元模型,将电弧放电等效为爆炸源,模拟得到了冲击波传播时序、压力历史曲线及陶瓷板的加速度响应;为验证模型的有效性,应用"针-板"电极水开关在输出电脉冲40～50 ns、幅值100～300 kV可调的10级陡化前沿Marx发生器上开展了电水锤缩比实验研究。实测了不同击穿电压下冲击波峰压、波速和主脉冲宽度,并依据经验公式计算了放电沉积能量和冲击波能量,平均约17%的间隙放电能量转换为冲击波机械能。对冲击波能量与峰压关系进行了拟合,并与数值模拟结果进行了比较,二者变化趋势基本一致,量级上吻合较好。     

Low temperature fired Ni-Cu-Zn ferrite with Bi4Ti3O12

The Ni-Cu-Zn ferrites with different contents of Bi₄Ti₃O₁₂ ceramics (1-8 wt%) as sintering additives were prepared by the usual ceramic technology and sintered at 900 °C to adapt to the low temperature co-fired ceramic (LTCC) technology. The magnetic and dielectric properties of the ferrite can be effectively improved with the effect of an appropriate amount of Bi₄Ti₃O₁₂. For all samples, the ferrite sintered with 2 wt% Bi₄Ti₃O₁₂ has relatively high density (98.8%) and permeability, while the ferrite with 8 wt% Bi₄Ti₃O₁₂ has relatively good dielectric properties in a wide frequency range. The influences of Bi₄Ti₃O₁₂ addition on microstructure, magnetic and dielectric properties of the ferrite have been discussed.     

Effect of ZnO on phase emergence, microstructure and surface modifications of calcium phosphosilicate glass/glass-ceramics having iron oxide

The effect of ZnO on phase emergence and microstructure properties of glass and glass-ceramics with composition 25SiO₂-50CaO-15P₂O₅-(10 − x)Fe₂O₃-xZnO (where x = 0, 2, 5, 7 mol%) has been studied. They have been characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Surface modifications of these glass-ceramics in simulated body fluid have been studied using Fourier transform infrared reflection spectroscopy (FTIR), XPS and SEM. Results have shown a decrease in the fraction of non-bridging oxygen with increase in zinc oxide content. Emergence of crystalline phases in glass-ceramics at different heat treatment temperatures was studied using XRD. When glass is heat treated at 800 °C calcium phosphate, hematite and magnetite are developed as major phases in the glass-ceramics samples with ZnO up to 5 mol%. In addition to these, calcium silicate (Ca₃Si₂O₇) phase is also observed when glass is heat treated at 1000 °C. The microstructure of the glass-ceramics heat treated at 800 °C exhibits the formation of nano-size (40-50 nm) grains. On heat treatment at 1000 °C crystallites grow to above 50 nm size and more than one phase are observed in the microstructure. The formation of thin flake-like structure with coarse particles is observed at high zinc oxide concentration (x = 7 mol%). In vitro studies have shown the surface modifications and formation of Ca-P-rich layer on the glass-ceramics when immersed in simulated body fluids (SBF) for different durations. The bioactive response was found to depend on ZnO content.     

爆炸成型弹丸对Al2O3装甲陶瓷材料的侵彻实验研究

用爆炸成型弹丸(explosively formed projectile, EFP)对Al2O3装甲陶瓷材料进行了侵彻（depth of penetration, DOP）实验,得到了99Al2O3装甲陶瓷对模拟EFP的质量防护因数和差分防护因数及他们随陶瓷块厚度的变化规律,初步评估了99Al2O3装甲陶瓷对EFP的抗侵彻性能,解释了装甲陶瓷对EFP的抗侵彻过程和机理。研究结果表明,增加约束可以提高陶瓷的抗侵彻性能。     

氧离子导体La1.9Y0.1Mo2O9细晶粒陶瓷的制备和电学性质研究

采用溶胶凝胶法合成的La_1.9Y_0.1Mo₂O₉纳米晶粉体, 结合微波烧结技术制备出不同晶粒度的La_1.9Y_0.1Mo₂O₉块体样品. 利用X射线衍射仪(XRD)、高分辨透射显微镜(HRTEM)、场扫描显微镜(SEM)对粉体及陶瓷块体的物相、 形貌进行了表征, 利用交流阻抗谱仪测试了样品不同温度下的电导率. 实验结果表明, 掺Y的La_1.9Y_0.1Mo₂O₉能将高温立方β 相稳定到室温; 块体样品致密均匀, 平均晶粒度范围在60 nm–4 μm之间; 致密度高的样品表现出高的电导率, 其中900 ℃烧结样品的电导率600 ℃时高达0.026 S/cm, 比固相反应法制备的La_1.9Y_0.1Mo₂O₉样品高出约1倍. 总结认为样品的致密性对电导率影响较大, 是通过影响晶界电导率来影响总电导率的, 样品的晶粒度(在60 nm–4 μm范围内)对电导率的影响还不能确定. 关键词： 氧离子导体 1.9Y_0.1Mo₂O₉')" href="#">La_1.9Y_0.1Mo₂O₉ 细晶粒陶瓷 微波烧结     

Analysis of a bi-piezoelectric ceramic layer with an interfacial crack subjected to anti-plane shear and in-plane electric loading

The behaviour of a bi-piezoelectric ceramic layer with a centre interfacial crack subjected to anti-plane shear and in-plane electric loading has been studied. The dislocation density functions and the Fourier integral transform method have been employed to eliminate the problem of singular integral equations. The normalized energy release rate, stress and electrical displacement intensity factors, G/G₀,K_III/K_III0 and K_D/K_D0, respectively, were determined for different geometric and property parameters by use of two different crack surface electric boundary conditions, i.e. impermeable and permeable. It has been shown that the effects of the thickness and material constants of the piezoelectric layer on all the three parameters, i.e. G/G₀,K_III/K_III0 and K_D/K_D0 were significant.