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941.
LI Wen-xin CHEN Guang-hui ZENG Qing-dong YUAN Meng-tian HE Wu-guang JIANG Ze-fang LIU Yang NIE Chang-jiang YU Hua-qing GUO Lian-bo 《光谱学与光谱分析》2021,41(8):2638-2643
为了实现工业现场对特种钢材的快速检测与种类识别,采用基于光纤传能的移动式激光诱导击穿光谱(LIBS)样机对14种特种钢材进行光谱数据的采集与分析,采用预选谱线并遍历组合的降维方法与支持向量机(SVM)相结合的算法对特钢材料的光谱进行快速分类。分别将原始光谱数据、归一化处理后的光谱数据、归一化处理+遍历组合优选谱线数据作为SVM分类模型的输入向量,并对比了不同输入向量下模型对特钢识别的准确度。结果表明:在事先选出的51条特征谱线作为输入变量的基础上,归一化光谱数据作为SVM分类模型的输入特征时,识别准确度达到95.71%,明显高于使用原始光谱数据作为输入向量时SVM分类模型的准确度11.43%。进一步地,使用MATLAB程序遍历谱线组合,通过遍历各种谱线组合选出最优的输入谱线组合,当优选6条特定的谱线时,对特钢种类识别的准确度达到100%,且建模速度也有相应提升。可以看出,当预选出大量常见特征数据时,机器自动选取特征与人工挑选谱线相比,具有明显优势,基于此降维方法的SVM算法模型在LIBS快速分类技术中具有很好的工业应用前景。 相似文献
942.
943.
André Rothkirch G. Diego Gatta Mathias Meyer Sébastien Merkel Marco Merlini Hanns‐Peter Liermann 《Journal of synchrotron radiation》2013,20(5):711-720
Fast detectors employed at third‐generation synchrotrons have reduced collection times significantly and require the optimization of commercial as well as customized software packages for data reduction and analysis. In this paper a procedure to collect, process and analyze single‐crystal data sets collected at high pressure at the Extreme Conditions beamline (P02.2) at PETRA III, DESY, is presented. A new data image format called `Esperanto' is introduced that is supported by the commercial software package CrysAlisPro (Agilent Technologies UK Ltd). The new format acts as a vehicle to transform the most common area‐detector data formats via a translator software. Such a conversion tool has been developed and converts tiff data collected on a Perkin Elmer detector, as well as data collected on a MAR345/555, to be imported into the CrysAlisPro software. In order to demonstrate the validity of the new approach, a complete structure refinement of boron‐mullite (Al5BO9) collected at a pressure of 19.4 (2) GPa is presented. Details pertaining to the data collections and refinements of B‐mullite are presented. 相似文献
944.
The preparation of a single phase LaNiO2 by controlled H2 reduction of the perovskite LaNiO3 is reported. The different steps of the synthesis are detailed. The structural characterization is made by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and neutron powder diffraction (NPD) and discussed; the derived crystal structure is the infinite-layer CaCuO2. Both XRD and NPD patterns are characterized by anisotropic shape broadening originating from size effect linked to the reduction process. From NPD, the LaNiO2 powder is composed of platelet-like crystallites having an average thickness equal to 20 nm along the [001] direction. A modulation of the neutron diffraction background is observed and discussed in connection to the reduction process. 相似文献
945.
To date, the lithium ion battery has become the focus of secondary battery studies. A considerable capacity loss during the first lithiation of its carbon electrode is a severe drawback of this kind of battery. It has been suggested frequently that the capacity loss was caused by the decomposition of the electrolyte on the surface of the carbon electrode. However, the contribution of binder reduction to this capacity loss has never been considered until now. This paper deals with the binder polytetrafluorethylene (PTFE) reduction and finds that it plays an important part in the capacity loss. It is found that (1) the capacity loss increased with increasing PTFE binder content, (2) the X-ray diffraction peaks corresponding to the PTFE, binder became weaker, while more of the lithium was consumed by the carbon electrode, and disappeared when the consumed amount of lithium exceeded the theoretical value of 1070 mAh per gram of PTFE and (3) the height of the high voltage plateau of the electrochemical titration curves was just a function of storage time, and the length of the plateau was a function of the PTFE content. 相似文献
946.
T. S. Petkevich Yu. G. Egiazarov N. A. Kovalenko T. L. Sen’ko 《Journal of Applied Spectroscopy》1998,65(1):117-123
Activity of alumocopper-palladium catalysts (0.5 at.% Pd, 0.1–3.0 at.% Cu) which differ in preparation method in CO, C2H4 and CH4 oxidation is studied. It is shown that preliminary modification of a carrier by copper leads to an enhancement of catalyst
activity as compared with an alumopalladium one. With the methods of EDRS, TPR-TRS, and TPR of adsorbed CO and O2, the Pd/Cu/Al2O3, Cu/Pd/Al2O3 and (Pd−Cu)/Al2O3, systems are studied. It is established that premodification of the carrier leads to a weakening of its interaction with
the second metal while the combined deposition from one impregnating solution in subsequent thermal treatment is accompanied
by a strong metal aggregation.
Institute of Physicoorganic Chemistry, National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, 13, Surganov St., Minsk, 220072. Translated
from Zhurnal Prikladnoi Spektroskopii, Vol. 65, No. 1, pp. 114–120, January–February, 1998. 相似文献
947.
In this paper, we study the stabilization of nonlinear systems in critical cases by using the center manifold reduction technique. Three degenerate cases are considered, wherein the linearized model of the system has two zero eigenvalues, one zero eigenvalue and a pair of nonzero pure imaginary eigenvalues, or two distinct pairs of nonzero pure imaginary eigenvalues; while the remaining eigenvalues are stable. Using a local nonlinear mapping (normal form reduction) and Liapunov stability criteria, one can obtain the stability conditions for the degenerate reduced models in terms of the original system dynamics. The stabilizing control laws, in linear and/or nonlinear feedback forms, are then designed for both linearly controllable and linearly uncontrollable cases. The normal form transformations obtained in this paper have been verified by using code MACSYMA. 相似文献
948.
Ana R. Rodríguez 《Tetrahedron letters》2005,46(21):3623-3627
The first total synthesis of 7(S),17(S)-Resolvin D5, a lipid mediator derived from docosahexaenoic acid, has been achieved. The chiral centers were generated via a Co-salen hydrolytic kinetic resolution of a terminal epoxide with >99% ee. Key steps include Takai olefination, Pd0/CuI coupling and simultaneous deprotection and ester cleavage with lipase from Candida rugosa. 相似文献
949.
G. Ranga Rao H. Ranjan Sahu Braja Gopal Mishra 《Colloids and surfaces. A, Physicochemical and engineering aspects》2003,220(1-3):261-269
Surface and catalytic properties of Cu–Ce–O composite materials prepared by solution combustion method have been investigated. The materials are characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), temperature programmed reduction (TPR) and electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy (EPR). The results of EPR and TPR show finely dispersed Cu2+ species on ceria matrix with low copper content. The Cu2+ species exists in the form of dimers and clusters which are not evident in XRD. In addition CuO is also present as small clusters which grow to larger size at higher Cu content. There is no evidence of CuO forming a solid solution with fluorite CeO2 in combustion method. The Cu2+ species mostly appear on surface rather than in the bulk. Hydrogen peroxide decomposition kinetics has been carried out on Cu–Ce–O composite materials to investigate the effect of crystalline and well-dispersed copper oxide phases on CeO2. From kinetic results, the catalyst materials can be grouped into highly dispersed as well as crystalline CuO phases present on CeO2 matrix. Two parallel compensating lines for dispersed and crystalline CuO phases on CeO2 are observed in ln A versus Ea plot indicating the compensation effect in H2O2 decomposition. This observation is consistent with XRD and EPR results. 相似文献
950.