Bildung und Kristallstruktur eines dimeren sauerstoffverbrückten Titanaminobisphenoxides

Formation and Crystal Structure of an Oxygen Bridged Titanium Amino Bisphenoxide Di‐(μ‐oxo)‐titan‐bis[aminobisphenoxide] ( 3 ) was obtained by reaction of (i‐Prop)₂TiL* ( 2 ) {L* = O‐4, 6‐(t‐Bu)₂C₆H₂‐2‐CH₂‐[1, 4‐N₂C₅H₁₀]‐2'‐CH₂‐4', 6'‐(t‐Bu)₂C₆H₂O] with water in a molar ratio 1:1 in diethylether. Both i‐Propyl moieties are substituted yielding the dimeric oxygen bridged amino bisphenoxide complex. The six coordinate Ti atoms are a result of Ti—N and Ti—O interactions of the corresponding atoms of the amino bisphenoxide ligand and the bridging O atoms. The central planar Ti₂O₂ ring may be considered as the general structural feature of the title compound: Space group P1¯, Z = 1, lattice dimensions at —60°C: a = 11.6899(4), b = 11.7873(4), c = 12.6462(4) Å, α = 98.070(1), β = 99.660(1), γ = 95.343(1)°, R₁ = 0.0469, wR₂ = 0.1049, GooF = 0.939.     

钇对Ti-1100高温钛合金热稳定性和蠕变行为的影响

量了Ｔｉ１１００和Ｔｉ１１００／０１％Ｙ（质量分数）高温钛合金在６００℃／１００ｈ空气中暴露后的拉伸性能及在６００℃／１５０ＭＰａ／１００ｈ条件下的蠕变性能，利用透射电镜观察了合金室温及蠕变后的组织。结果表明，Ｔｉ１１００合金加入０１％的Ｙ后，由于原始β晶粒得到细化，明显改善了其热稳定性；固溶在基体中的硅原子阻碍位错滑移和攀移，使蠕变中的回复过程难于实现；稀土还抑制α２相的长大，所形成的氧化物也阻碍位错的运动。这些均有利于提高Ｔｉ１１００合金的抗蠕变性能。     

Crystal Structure of BaNb6.3(1)Ti3.6(1)O16 containing Nb6O12, fused Ti3O13 Clusters and Ti3O10 Units

A new phase, BaNb_6.3(1)Ti_3.6(1)O₁₆, has been synthesised. Electron diffraction studies indicate an hexagonal substructure with unit cell parameters a ≈ 8.9 Å and c ≈ 9.5 Å. In some of the ED patterns superstructure reflections are present, indicating a supercell with a = √3 · a_sub and c = c_sub. However, X‐ray single‐crystal diffraction studies of a crystallite yielding reflections corresponding to the supercell revealed it to be monoclinic, with the unit cell parameters a = 26.811(2) Å, b = 15.4798(2) Å, c = 9.414(2) Å, β = γ = 90° and α = 90.0(3)°. The average crystal structure was refined, using the subcell with a = 8.937(2) Å, b = 15.479(2) Å, c = 9.414(2) Å, β = γ = 90° and α = 90.0(3)°, space group Cm11, and Z = 4, to R_I = 3.24% and R_wI = 3.44%. The structure can be described as an hexagonal close packing layers of Nb₆ octahedra, Ba, and O atoms (A1, A2) and layers of O atoms (B1, B2), appearing in the packing sequence: A1B1A2B2. The Nb₆ octahedra are found in isolated Nb₆O₁₂O₆ clusters, and the Ti atoms in Ti₃O₁₃ and Ti₃O₁₀ units in octahedral and tetrahedral voids formed by O atoms, respectively. The Ti positions were found to be only partly occupied. Microanalysis indicates that some Nb atoms are located in the Ti₃ triangles. A model is presented that interprets these not fully occupied Ti₃ triangles as a result of a superimposing of three different structures. Two of these consist of two fused Ti₃O₁₃ units, forming an Ti₆O₁₉ unit, and a Ti₃O₁₀ unit, while the third consists of alternating Ti₃O₁₃ units.     

N2/Ar等离子体改性对CuO/TiO2可见光光催化活性的影响

研究了N2/Ar介质阻挡放电处理对负载CuO的TiO2可见光光催化活性的影响.采用X射线衍射、紫外-可见分光吸收光谱、透射电镜、X射线光电子能谱和电子自旋共振进行了表征,详细考察了等离子改性参数包括气氛组成、处理时间和处理功率对改性效果的影响,并通过降解甲基橙溶液考察了可见光光催化活性.结果表明,最佳等离子处理条件为N2与Ar比例为8:2,处理时间为20 min,放电电流为1.0 A.最后,使用改性后的光催化剂对模拟含汞废水进行了处理.     

Influence of Titanium Dioxide Content on the Crystallization Behavior and Solar Reflectance of Polyethylene/Titanium Dioxide Composites

Titanium dioxide (TiO₂) particles were introduced to improve the solar reflectance of high-density polyethylene (HDPE). The organic-inorganic hybrids were fabricated by melt blending. A series of characterizations were taken to study the crystallization behavior, morphology, solar reflectance, and real cooling property. TiO₂ particles acted as nucleation agents in the HDPE matrix and made the HDPE form thick lamellar crystals. TiO₂ particles could disperse well into the HDPE matrix under 2.5 wt.% loading but agglomerated with 3 wt.%. Solar reflectance was related to the reflective index of TiO₂ and the microstructure of HDPE. The real cooling property depended on the solar reflectance and the dispersion of the TiO₂ particles in the HDPE matrix.     

酸水解-离子色谱法测定精四氯化钛中三氯乙酰氯

建立了酸水解-离子色谱法测定精四氯化钛中痕量三氯乙酰氯(CCl3COCl)的方法.四氯化钛样品与2 mol/L HCl按体积比1∶4水解平衡后,采用氢氧化物共沉淀法去除溶液中Ti4+,V5+和Fe3+等金属离子,用Ag2O沉淀法降低水解溶液中Cl-浓度,水解溶液通过H型阳离子交换柱和水系滤膜,离子色谱法测定溶液中三氯乙酸(TCAA),据TCAA与CCl3COCl摩尔量守恒计算样品中CCl3COCl含量.结果表明,共沉淀溶液pH值在9.0～10.0范围内,可将目标金属离子基本去除完全;加入Ag2O降低溶液Cl-浓度后,溶液中Cl-,NO3-和SO42-的浓度对水解溶液中TCAA的色谱法峰无影响.本方法对精四氯化钛样品中CCl3COCl的定量限为1.20 μg/g,低于俄罗斯精四氯化钛中CCl3COCl允许限值(5μg/g);方法加标回收率在84.1％ ～87.3％之间,共沉淀时溶液pH值的轻微变化对回收率无明显影响,分析结果稳定可靠;方法用于5个平行样品中CCl3COCl含量测定(45.6,37.9,40.8,38.9和43.5 μg/g),相对标准偏差7.7％,方法精密度较好.方法满足精四氯化钛中CCl3COCl质量控制要求.     

Ti掺杂苯基与乙基桥连的有序介孔有机硅的制备及其催化环己烯氧化反应

分别采用1,4-(双乙氧基硅烷)苯(1,4-BTEB)和1,2-三乙氧基硅基乙烷(1,2-BTESE)作为有机硅源,正硅酸乙酯(TEOS)为无机硅源,钛酸四丁酯(TBOT)为钛源,以Pluronic EO20PO70EO20(P123)为模板剂在酸性环境下水热合成制备了Ti掺杂的有机-无机有序介孔有机硅材料Ti-SBA-15-ben和Ti-SBA-15-et.同时,在合成过程中加入H2O2作为配合剂调节钛源水解速度,制备得到Ti-SBA-15-ben-H和Ti-SBA-15-et-H.采用FT-IR、DR UV-Vis、N2物理吸附、XRD、TG-DSC、TEM等方法对制备的样品进行了表征.结果表明:合成过程中加入H2O2制备的苯基桥连有机硅杂化材料具有较好的疏水性能,其骨架中活性4价位钛含量高,结构有序性最好.在以叔丁基过氧化氢(TBHP)为氧源的环己烯氧化反应中对制备的催化材料进行了对比评价,结果表明:Ti-SBA-15-ben-H表现出最高的催化活性,其催化的反应以环氧化产物为主,环己烯的转化率为26.9%,环氧选择性为32.8%,T i-SBA-15-et催化的反应以烯丙位氧化产物2-环己烯-1-酮为主,环己烯的转化率为8.5%,2-环己烯-1-酮选择性为41.2%.     

表面修饰多壁碳纳米管负载二氧化钛的制备及催化碳酸二甲酯与苯酚酯交换反应的性能

制备了表面修饰多壁碳纳米管负载TiO₂的催化剂,并将其应用于碳酸二甲酯与苯酚的酯交换反应. 采用X射线电子能谱、透射电子显微镜、低温N₂吸附-脱附和X射线衍射等对催化剂进行了表征. 结果表明,以低浓度的氨水（0.4%）代替去离子水作为沉淀剂时,制备的催化剂显示出更好的催化活性、分离性与重复使用性. 考察了TiO₂负载量、催化剂用量及反应时间对反应性能的影响. 在最佳反应条件下,苯酚转化率为42.5%,碳酸甲苯酯与碳酸二苯酯的总选择性达到99.9%以上. 经过4次重复使用后,催化剂的活性略有下降.     

氮硫共掺杂TiO_2的光电荷分离效应及其光催化性能研究

以硫脲为掺杂剂,采用溶胶-凝胶法制备了氮硫共掺杂TiO2(N,S-TiO2)。用比表面孔隙仪(BET)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)、紫外-可见漫反射(UV-Vis DRS)和X射线光电子能谱(XPS)对制备的光催化剂进行了表征,用表面光电压仪(SPS)和捕获剂研究了光催化剂的光生电荷分离效应。以甲基橙为模拟污染物,在模拟自然光照射下考察了样品的光催化性能。结果表明:硫脲/Ti的摩尔比为30%所制备氮硫共掺杂TiO2具有较高的光催化活性,光催化活性是纯TiO2的5倍。氮硫共掺杂使TiO2具有更高的比表面和光生电荷分离效应,从而有利于提高光催化活性。     

CNT/Fe-Ni/TiO_2/ZnO阵列修饰Ni阳极的制备及光催化制氢性能

采用层层自组装方法在Ni片阳极上构建TiO2/Zn O纳米棒阵列,以二氧化钛前驱体溶胶中掺杂的铁和镍为催化剂,通过气相沉积法在TiO2/Zn O纳米棒阵列间原位生长碳纳米管(CNTs),得到CNT/Fe-Ni/TiO2/Zn O复合光催化剂修饰的光活性Ni片阳极.以碱性电解池为基础,用紫外线辐照修饰的Ni阳极实现光催化和电解水的有机耦合制氢过程.通过场发射扫描电子显微镜(FESEM)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)、拉曼光谱(Raman)和电化学阻抗谱(EIS)对CNT/Fe-Ni/TiO2/Zn O复合膜光催化剂的结构进行了表征,并测试了其光催化辅助电解水制氢(WEAP)活性.结果表明,生长了碳纳米管的光催化复合膜CNT/Fe-Ni/TiO2/Zn O修饰的Ni阳极的产氢速率分别比Fe-Ni/TiO2/Zn O修饰的Ni阳极和纯Ni片提高了93.7%和533.0%.