Improved surface-enhanced Raman scattering on electrochemically roughened silver substrates prepared in bielectrolyte solutions

In this work, the effect of supplemental LiClO₄ electrolytes in KCl solutions used in roughening silver substrates by electrochemical triangular-wave oxidation-reduction cycles (ORC) on surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) was first investigated. To prepare SERS-active substrates by ORC procedures, electrolytes of KCl were generally employed. In contrast, LiClO₄ ones were unsuitable for producing SERS-active substrates. Encouragingly, SERS of Rhodamine 6G (R6G) adsorbed on the roughened Ag substrate prepared in an aqueous solution containing KCl and LiClO₄ electrolytes exhibits a higher intensity by one order of magnitude, as compared with that of R6G adsorbed on a roughened Ag substrate prepared in a solution only containing KCl. Further investigations indicate that the oxidation state of Cl on the roughened Ag substrate demonstrates decided effects on this improved SERS.     

1-苯胺基萘-8-磺酸盐在各种固体基质中发光特性的研究

1-苯胺基萘 - 8-磺酸盐 (ANS)在不同的固体基质中发光特性的研究发现 :(1 ) ANS分子发射峰位置与在甲醇溶液中相比 ,发生明显的蓝移 ,可能是由于约束在固体基质中的荧光分子的运动受到一定的限制而接近单分子发光的行为。与纯粉末 ANS荧光相比 ,发生红移。ANS在极性的滑石基质中 ,发射峰移向更短的波长 ,在非极性的石蜡基质中移向更长的波长 ,反映固体基质微观环境的变化。 (2 ) ANS分子荧光寿命明显缩短 ,主要原因是在固体基质中 ,荧光发射速率常数 kf 增大。 (3) ANS分子相对量子产率明显增大 ,荧光分子运动受限 ,减弱分子之间的相互作用 ,减小了由于碰撞引起的猝灭 ,分子结构刚性增强。该结果对于研究固体基质的物化性质、探讨光化学反应中能量转移现象具有重要意义。     

担载材料对TiO2薄膜光催化活性的影响

TiO_2 nanocrystalline films were prepared on glass, ITO and p-Si substrates. Degradation of Rhodamine B was used to assess the photocatalytic activity of the films. It was found that photocatalytic activity of TiO2 films on ITO and p-Si are higher than that on glass, and the film grown on ITO is the best. In addition, crystalline phases and surface morphology of TiO_2films were also affected by different substrates. Surface Photovoltage Spectra was used to analyze surface states and energy levels of the films. Separation of photogenerate electrons and holes was promoted due to matching of the energy levels between TiO_2 films and ITO as well as p-Si. High photocatalytic activity was then obtained because more photogenerate electrons and holes took part in photocatalytic reaction on TiO_2 surfaces.     

Strategies for modelling of catalysts

Summary and conclusions The strategy summarised above in which modelling calculations are combined with QM cluster calculations is a viable procedure for the study of catalysis. Our discussion has emphasised studies of zeolite catalysts but the same approach could be used in modelling reactions catalysed on metal and metal oxide surfaces. Moreover, the techniques and potentials are available for these methods to have a wide range of applications.     

离子掺杂与载体类型交互效应对纳米TiO2薄膜光活性改性研究

采用溶胶-凝胶法在六种不同基体材料上制备了掺杂La3 的TiO2纳米复合材料.利用扫描电子显微镜(SEM),x射线衍射(XRD)及紫外-可见吸收光谱对其TiO2薄膜的TiO2颗粒形态和相组成进行了详细研究,并以甲基橙为模拟对象,研究了不同浓度的La3 掺杂对催化剂光活性的影响,结果表明:脱色率(η%)随载体、掺杂浓度不同而变.不锈钢载体掺杂浓度为0.604×1021/cm3La3 的二氧化钛薄膜对甲基橙有最高的降解效率,陶瓷载体掺杂0.604×1017/cm3La3 的降解效率最高,玻璃载体最佳La3 掺杂浓度为6.04×1017/cm3,而钛片载体最佳La3 掺杂浓度为0.604×1023/cm3.     

担载材料对TiO2薄膜光催化活性的影响

ＴＩＯ２薄膜催化剂光催化治理大气和水污染，具有实际应用的前景，受到科学界的高度重视“－‘’．实验结果发现，担载材料对膜的催化活性有很大影响”’，如采用玻璃、不锈钢。石英作为ＴＩＯ。膜的载体时，由于界面离子扩散作用的不同，使得膜的光催化活性有很大的差异...     

Physical properties of Ag-doped cadmium telluride thin films fabricated by closed-space sublimation technique

Cadmium telluride (CdTe) thin films were prepared by the closed-space sublimation (CSS) technique, using CdTe powder as evaporant onto substrates of water-white glass. In the next step, the annealed films at 450 °C for 30 min were dipped in AgNO₃–H₂O solution at room temperature. These films were again annealed at 450 °C for 1 h to obtain silver-doped samples. The samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), electrically i.e. DC electrical resistivity as well as photo resistivity by van der Pauw method at room temperature, dark conductivity, activation energy analysis as a function of temperature by two-probe method under vacuum, and spectrophotometry. The electron microprobe analyzer (EMPA) results showed an increase of Ag content composition in the samples by increasing the immersion time of films in solution. The Hall measurements indicated the increase in mobility and carrier concentrations of CdTe films by doping of Ag. A significant change in the shape and size of the CdTe grains were observed.     

Molecular simulation of oxygen on supported platinum clusters

Molecular dynamics simulations are performed to study oxygen adsorption on platinum clusters supported on a graphite surface. The Sutton–Chen many-body potential is used for the Pt–Pt interaction, whereas a Steele potential was used to represent the carbon surface. The oxygen–oxygen intramolecular force is modeled by a harmonic oscillator model and other interactions are described by the Lennard–Jones potential. The results indicate an optimum loading of platinum for maximum specific adsorption of oxygen. Adsorption isotherms are constructed and the energies and orientation of adsorbed oxygen are reported. The relevance of this study to electrode processes is discussed.     

Effect of substrates and anions of zinc salts on the morphology of ZnO nanostructures

The ZnO nanostructures were hydrothermally synthesized on glass and Al substrates, respectively, using zinc chloride, zinc nitrate, and zinc acetate as precursor. The as-prepared products were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray powder diffraction (XRD). Different ZnO nanostructures were obtained, such as nanorods, nanosheets, flower-like nanostructures and so on. The effects of the substrates and anions of zinc salts on the morphologies of the resulting products have been investigated.     

Polarized Raman study on the lattice structure of BiFeO3 films prepared by pulsed laser deposition

Polarized Raman spectroscopy was used to study the lattice structure of BiFeO₃ films on different substrates prepared by pulsed laser deposition. Interestingly, the Raman spectra of BiFeO₃ films exhibit distinct polarization dependences. The symmetries of the fundamental Raman modes in 50–700 cm⁻¹ were identified based on group theory. The symmetries of the high order Raman modes in 900–1500 cm⁻¹ of BiFeO₃ are determined for the first time, which can provide strong clarifications to the symmetry of the fundamental peaks in 400–700 cm⁻¹ in return. Moreover, the lattice structures of BiFeO₃ films are identified consequently on the basis of Raman spectroscopy. BiFeO₃ films on SrRuO₃ coated SrTiO₃ (0 0 1) substrate, CaRuO₃ coated SrTiO₃ (0 0 1) substrate and tin-doped indium oxide substrate are found to be in the rhombohedral structure, while BiFeO₃ film on SrRuO₃ coated Nb: SrTiO₃ (0 0 1) substrate is in the monoclinic structure. Our results suggest that polarized Raman spectroscopy would be a feasible tool to study the lattice structure of BiFeO₃ films.