Effect of Cu pre‐deposition on the interface structure between the C‐SiC coatings and stainless steel

The copper dispersion‐strengthened matrix composites (Cu/C? SiC) were fabricated on the stainless steel by using magnetron sputtering and ion‐beam mixing. The pre‐deposition of Cu element is used to modify the interface structure, and hence, to develop the compatibility between Fe substrate and C‐SiC coating. The results show that the copper layer can effectively broaden the transition layer, where the elements of the coating could be completely mixed with the elements of the substrate. The following heat treatment on it can further broaden the transition layer, i.e. heat treatment can provide more compatibility between C‐SiC coating and Fe substrate. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

化学气相反应法制备不同碳基体表面SiC涂层组织结构分析

采用化学气相反应法, 以同种工艺分别在石墨和C/C复合材料表面制备了SiC涂层, 借助X射线衍射仪(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)及能谱分析等手段分析了涂层的微观结构, 研究了不同碳基体对SiC涂层结构和表面形貌的影响, 并初步对比考察了涂层的高温抗氧化性能. 结果表明: 制备的SiC涂层整体致密, 与基体结合良好, 但存在明显的结构差异. 石墨表面制得的SiC涂层呈梯度分布, 涂层主要由致密外层及过渡内层组成, 而C/C复合材料表面制得的SiC涂层仅由致密外层组成; 在1823 K的空气氧化氛围中, 与C/C复合材料SiC涂层试样相比, 石墨SiC涂层试样表现出更好的高温抗氧化性能, 经30 h氧化及7次循环热震实验后, 涂层试样的氧化失重率仅为0.182%.     

连续SiC(Al)纤维的耐超高温性能及其机理

以有机金属聚合物聚铝碳硅烷为原料, 利用先驱体转化法制备出连续SiC(Al)纤维. 采用一系列分析测试对纤维的组成、结构以及耐超高温性能进行了表征, 通过与Nicalon纤维的比较, 对连续SiC(Al)纤维的耐超高温机理进行了研究. 结果表明, 连续SiC(Al)纤维具有优异的耐超高温性能,在1800 ℃氩气中处理1 h后, 纤维的强度保留率为80%左右; 元素分析和27Al MAS核磁共振等分析表明, 连续SiC(Al)纤维为近化学计量比的SiC纤维, 纤维中微量的铝元素以Al—O和Al—C键两种形式存在; 在超高温条件下, 两种不同存在形式的铝均能够抑制纤维中晶粒的长大. 纤维具有近化学计量比的组成和铝元素在高温条件下对于晶粒长大的抑制, 是连续SiC(Al)纤维具有优异耐超高温性能的原因.     

颗粒对SiC_w/SiC层状陶瓷电磁屏蔽性能的影响

层状陶瓷材料的电磁屏蔽效能对结构功能一体化层状陶瓷材料的设计具有重要影响。采用流延法与化学气相渗透(chemical vapor infiltration,CVI)工艺相结合制备SiC_w/Si C层状陶瓷,研究碳化硅颗粒(Si C particle,SiCp)、氮化硅颗粒(Si_3N_4particle,Si_3N_4p)对SiC_w/Si C层状陶瓷电磁屏蔽性能的影响。结果表明:SiC_w/Si C层状陶瓷具有较高的电磁屏蔽性能,颗粒的加入有助于提高层状陶瓷的电磁屏蔽性能。颗粒粒径越小,材料的电磁屏蔽性能越好;并且SiCp的电磁屏蔽作用强于Si_3N_4p。     

应用方位反向技术提取反射镜零重力面形

为了预估碳化硅反射镜在空间零重力环境下的面形精度,本文开展了在地面环境下利用方位反向技术提取碳化硅反射镜零重力面形的研究。首先,介绍了方位反向技术提取零重力面形的理论依据;其次,利用有限元分析软件,分析了方位反向对反射镜面形的影响;然后,按照试验流程,先后检测了反射镜在0°和180°状态的面形精度,计算两次检测数据的平均值,得到了反射镜零重力面形。结果表明:反射镜地面零重力面形误差RMS值为12.3 nm,能够满足设计指标要求。最后,对数据可信度进行了分析,确认了试验数据真实可信。该结果预示了反射镜在空间零重力环境下的面形精度,对反射镜光学加工与装调有重要的指导意义。     

Ni-Sm_x/SiC催化剂甲烷二氧化碳重整性能研究

用浸渍法制备了不同钐含量的Ni-Sm_x/SiC催化剂,其中,镍的质量分数为9%,氧化钐的质量分数分别为0、2%、3%、4%、5%、7%。采用常压微型固定床反应器考察了不同催化剂在甲烷二氧化碳重整反应中的催化性能,并用BET、ICP、XRD、H2-TPR、TG-DTA、XPS和TEM等技术对反应前后催化剂进行表征。结果表明,加入钐后,重整反应中甲烷和二氧化碳转化率明显提高。当钐含量为5%时,Ni-Sm5/SiC表现出最好的活性和稳定性,而且反应后催化剂表面积炭量最少。其原因是钐的加入提高了活性组分与载体的相互作用,有效减少了表面积炭、提高了催化剂的稳定性。     

Improvement of interfacial adhesion performance of the kevlar fiber mat by depositing SiC/TiO2/Al2O3/graphene nanoparticles

Modern world seeks dramatic progress in composite materials use in numerous applications. Scientists worldwide are researching on fabricating new composites and attempting to have more applications using these materials. Serious attempts have also been taken to improve the properties of these materials. In this circumstance, a conscious attempt has been made in this present work that studies the effect of SiC/TiO₂/Al₂O₃/ graphene nanoparticles (NPs) deposition on Kevlar fiber. In this process, SiC/TiO₂/Al₂O₃/ graphene NPs have been deposited on Kevlar fiber by dip coating process. For the analysis, physical observation has been performed well at first which confirms nanoparticle deposition on the fiber and formation of adhesive bonding. SEM analysis followed by surface topography has been conducted to observe and further analysis of nanoparticle deposition. Atomic bonding mechanism shows how chemical bonding between fiber and nanoparticles. TGA analysis shows thermal improvement of the fiber by NPs deposition where graphene with binder makes 21.6% improvement in decomposition temperature. Tensile strength and young’s modulus of binder inclusion coated kevlar fabric are improved up to 26% and 5.7%, respectively. Finally, the IR-spectra confirms successful deposition of nanoparticles on the fiber.     

Six MeV proton acceleration from plasma generated by high-intensity laser using advanced thin polyethylene targets

Proton acceleration can be induced by non-equilibrium plasma developed by high-intensity laser pulses, at 10¹⁶ W/cm², irradiating different types of thin polyethylene targets. The process of proton acceleration and directive yield emission was investigated, optimizing the laser parameters, the irradiation conditions, and the target properties. The use of 600 J pulse energy, a laser focalization inducing self-focusing effects and advanced targets with embedded nanoparticles and optimal thicknesses, has permitted to accelerate forward protons up to the energies of about 6 MeV and amount of the order of 10¹⁵ H⁺/pulse. High proton energy is obtained using thin foils enriched with gold nanoparticles, whereas high proton yield is obtained using targets with a thickness of about 10 μm. The plasma diagnostics using SiC semiconductor detectors in time-of-flight configuration was fundamental to monitor the optimal conditions to improve the plasma processes concerning the ion acceleration and the X-ray and relativistic electron emission.     

Synthesis of SiC/graphene nanosheet composites by helicon wave plasma

We report an approach to the rapid, one-step, preparation of a variety of wide-bandgap silicon carbide/graphene nanosheet(Si C/GNSs) composites by using a high-density helicon wave plasma(HWP) source. The microstructure and morphology of the Si C/GNSs are characterized by using scanning electron microscopy(SEM), Raman spectroscopy, x-ray diffraction(XRD), x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS), and fluorescence(PL). The nucleation mechanism and the growth model are discussed. The existence of Si C and graphene structure are confirmed by XRD and Raman spectra.The electron excitation temperature is calculated by the intensity ratio method of optical emission spectroscopy. The main peak in the PL test is observed at 420 nm, with a corresponding bandgap of 2.95 e V that indicates the potential for broad application in blue light emission and ultraviolet light emission, field electron emission, and display devices.     

Selective Determination of Copper (II) Based on Aluminum Silicon Carbide Nanoparticles Modified Glassy Carbon Electrode by Square Wave Stripping Voltammetry

The morphology and structure of as‐prepared aluminum silicon carbide (Al₄SiC₄) were characterized using X‐ray diffraction (XRD) patterns, scanning electron microscope (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and UV‐vis spectra. The Al₄SiC₄ nanoparticles modified glassy carbon electrode (GCE) was further investigated by cyclic voltammetry (CV) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). Based on this, this kind of new electrode was used for the detection of trace Cu²⁺ by square wave anodic stripping voltammetry (SWASV) for the first time. The electrochemical parameters influencing on deposition and stripping of metal ions, such as supporting electrolytes, pH value, deposition potential and deposition time, were also optimized. The results showed that the Al₄SiC₄ modified GCE exhibited excellent stripping response of Cu²⁺ and the stripping peaks response increased linearly with increasing concentration of Cu²⁺ in the ranges of 400 to 2200 nM. Under the optimized conditions the favorable sensitivity of the Al₄SiC₄ modified GCE toward trace Cu²⁺ was 1.49 μA μM⁻¹ and the limit of detection (S/N=3) was estimated to be 2.76 nM. More importantly, Al₄SiC₄ modified GCE had an excellent stability and negligible interference from other coexisting metal ions in the electrochemical determination of Cu²⁺.