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61.
Hongdian Lu Charles A. Wilkie Ming DingLei Song 《Polymer Degradation and Stability》2011,96(5):885-891
Nanocomposites of poly (vinyl alcohol) with ethylamine modified zirconium phosphate (ZrP-EA) were prepared by solution blending. Their morphologies were elucidated with X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy, while the thermal stability and flammability performance were characterized by thermogravimetric analysis, Fourier transform infrared spectra and microscale combustion calorimetry. It was established that the morphology of the nanocomposites evolved as ZrP-EA content increased. In the nanocomposites, catalytic degradation of the acetate groups remaining in poly (vinyl alcohol) occurred and catalytic carbonization was observed. Microscale combustion calorimetry revealed that the flammability performance of poly (vinyl alcohol) was improved by the introduction of zirconium phosphate nanoplatelets. 相似文献
62.
Reza Sepahvand Mohsen Adeli Bandar Astinchap Roya Kabiri 《Journal of nanoparticle research》2008,10(8):1309-1318
Metal-carbon nanotube-graft-polymer (MCNT-g-P) nanocomposites were synthesized and characterized successfully. In this work, multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) were
opened using HNO3/H2SO4 mixture and filled by metal nanoparticles such as silver nanoparticles through wet chemistry method. Then MWCNT containing
metal nanoparticles were used as macroinitiator for ring opening polymerization of ε-caprolactone and MCNT-g-P nanocomposites were obtained. Length of grafted polymer arms onto the MWCNT was controlled using MWCNT/ε-caprolactone ratio.
Structure and properties of nanocomposites were evaluated by TEM, DSC, TGA, and spectroscopy methods. 相似文献
63.
Nanocomposite electrodes of recently identified polyanion cathode materials comprising Li
x
M2(MoO4)3 {0 ≤ x < 3} [M = Co, Ni] and nanosized carbon having ~10 nm particle size were found to show remarkable improvement in their discharge
capacity compared to the one prepared with acetylene black. The addition of nanosized carbon as a conductive additive offered
improved initial discharge capacity of 121 mAh/g between 3.5–2.0 V vs Li/Li. The cause for such an increase could be firmly
attributed to the filling up of the grain–grain contact area of the active material, facilitating the intimate grain–grain
contacts in the composite structure leading to enhanced capacity delivery. As for the nanocomposite Li
x
Co2(MoO4)3, it was found that at least 55% of its first discharge capacity was retained at the end of 20th cycle compared to its analogous
counterpart, Li
x
Ni2(MoO4)3.
Paper presented at the Third International Conference on Ionic Devices (ICID 2006), Chennai, Tamilnadu, India, Dec. 7–9, 2006. 相似文献
64.
An efficient strategy that comprised shorten,chain extension,active groups introducing and homogeneous reaction tactics,was adopted to modify multiwalled carbon nanotubes(MWNTs) with cellulose acetate(CA).Specially,by utilizing 2,4,6-trichloro- 1,3,5-triazine,a reactive intermediate of the MWNTs(MWNT-triazine) was obtained.Suitable solubility of the MWNT-triazine helps make the homogeneous modification become reality.Detailed characterizations further verified that reaction between chloride atoms in the ... 相似文献
65.
Ping Yang Adam Szatkowski Michael Bredol 《Journal of Sol-Gel Science and Technology》2009,51(3):306-314
Composites from ZnS:Mn nanoparticles and modified silicas are of interest for a broad range of potential applications in the
form of films, structured particles, and self-assembled structures (e.g., colloidal crystals). They combine the versatility
of silica sol gel chemistry with the wealth of functionalities available from doped nanoparticulate semiconductors (e.g.,
optical, electrical, and magnetic). In this work, ZnS:Mn nanoparticles have been prepared and modified in such a way that
they can be incorporated seamlessly, either by inclusion or by covalent bonding into silicas. Functionalization was achieved
through the use of silanes or thioles. Further processing by standard sol gel chemistry then either led directly to covalent
conjugation with the silica network formed after condensation, or to isolated particles encapsulated in a silica shell. The
results are heavily loaded (up to 30 wt%), transparent (including semiconductor particles that are smaller than 15 nm) and
luminescent films, and massive bodies. In this work, the progress of nanocomposite formation was followed mainly by luminescence
spectroscopy. Further work will have to address the electrical and magnetic properties of these nanocomposites as well. 相似文献
66.
67.
L.A. Utracki 《Polymer Degradation and Stability》2010,95(3):411-1380
The Pressure-Volume-Temperature (PVT) of polystyrene (PS), polyamide-6 (PA-6) and their clay-containing polymeric nanocomposites (CPNC) were determined at T = 300-600 K and P = 0.1-190 MPa, thus in the molten, glassy and semicrystalline phase. The melt and glass behavior was interpreted following the Simha-Somcynsky (S-S) cell-hole free volume theory while that of the semicrystalline phase using S-S and the Midha-Nanda-Simha-Jain (MNSJ) cell theory describing crystalline quantum interactions. The theoretical analysis yielded two sets of the interaction parameters, one from the S-S and the other from the MNSJ model. The derivative properties: the compressibility, κ, and thermal expansion coefficient, α, were computed as functions of T, P and clay content, w. These functions, crossing several transition regions, were significantly different for the amorphous PS than for the semicrystalline PA-6. The isobaric PS plots of κ and α vs. T detected secondary transitions at Tβ/Tg ≈ 0.9 ± 0.1 and at Tc/Tg = 1.2 ± 0.1. Addition of clay severely affected the vitreous phase (physical aging). In PA-6 systems the behavior was distinctly different than in PS, viz. κ = κ(T) followed a similar function across the melting zone, while α = α(T) dependencies were dramatically different for the solid and molten phase. The theoretical functions in reduced variables provided good basis for explanation of the observed dependencies. 相似文献
68.
Kikku Fukushima Cristina Abbate Loredana Ferreri 《Polymer Degradation and Stability》2010,95(10):2049-2056
PLA and PCL nanocomposites prepared by adding 5 wt% of a sepiolite (SEPS9) were degraded in compost, leading to effective degradation for all samples.PLA and PLA/SEPS9 seem to be mainly degraded by a bulk mechanism, showing a significant level of polymer degradation, however the presence of SEPS9 particles partially delays the degradation probably due to a preventing effect of these particles on polymer chain mobility and/or PLA/enzymes miscibility. PCL and PCL/SEPS9 showed a preferential surface mechanism of degradation; and in contrast to PLA, sepiolite does not present a considerable barrier effect on the degradation of PCL. 相似文献
69.
The crystallization behavior and fine structure of poly(butylene succinate) (PBS) nanocomposites with intercalation (30B20) and exfoliation (30BM20) morphologies, respectively, were investigated via isothermal crystallization testing and synchrotron small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS). The dynamic viscosity of 30BM20 was markedly increased due to favorable interactions between the PBS matrix and the urethane group on the clay surface. However, 30BM20 showed similar crystallization rates to that of homo PBS because the surface urethane modification for 30BM20 precluded PBS matrix from the metallic group into clay to difficult in contact with each other, resulting in a reduced nucleation activity for the metallic group. SAXS profiles revealed that the long period and amorphous region size for 30B20 drastically decreased during isothermal crystallization. Meanwhile, 30BM20 was similar to those of homo PBS. This result also supports the above explanation for isothermal crystallization behavior. Considering all results in total, the introduction of a urethane modification considerably enhanced the physical properties of PBS but caused delayed crystallization rates. 相似文献
70.
Dimitri D.J. Rousseaux 《Polymer Degradation and Stability》2010,95(7):1194-451
Sodium-montmorillonite was intercalated by carboxylate salts to prepare carboxylate clays. The intercalation of sodium acetate doubles the clay basal spacing and no degradation of the carboxylate clay is noticed in the extrusion temperature range. These carboxylate clays were used to synthesize polypropylene-graft-maleic anhydride (PP-g-MA)/clay nanocomposites. Nanocomposites were also produced by a one-pot process using in situ prepared carboxylate clay. The carboxylate salts within the clay layers partially neutralize the maleic anhydride groups of the PP-g-MA matrix, in situ during the melt compounding. The ionic groups of the partially neutralized polymer offer favourable interactions with the clay, hence reinforcing the interfacial bond between the polymer and the clay and improving the composite properties. The use of carboxylate clay clearly improves the clay dispersion into the PP-g-MA matrix and improves the nanocomposite’s thermal and rheological properties. 相似文献