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31.
The aim of this article is to propose a simple analytical model that can describe the isothermal crystallization process in materials when the formation of a stable crystalline phase is preceded by the formation of a metastable phase. This model explains deviations from the well-known Johnson-Mehl-Avrami-Kolmogorov kinetics theory and predicts the three slopes in Avrami’s plot. The model predictions were compared with experimental results obtained from X-ray measurements in the chalcogenide glasses with composition of Ge2Sb2Te5 (thin films) and in aqueous solutions of methylhydrazine monohydrate during isothermal phase transformations. In order to validate the proposed model to represent experimental results, a computer program was developed. This program uses experimental data from measurements of the total volume fraction at different times during isothermal transformations and fits the model parameters that best represent the kinetic behavior of the system. 相似文献
32.
Fedir V. Motsnyi Oleksandr M. Smolanka Evgen Yu. Peresh 《Solid State Communications》2006,137(4):221-224
For the first time we have found a new giant thermodynamical optical effect near the ferroelastic phase transition point in Cs3Bi2I9 layered crystal. The effect is appeared as periodical oscillations in time of the reflection coefficient. This phenomenon is caused by the small temperature deviations in thermodynamical system the appearance of which in the reflection spectra is strongly amplified in the ferroelastic phase transition point. The optical oscillations are explained on the base of a model that takes into account the temperature dependence of the refractive index through the order parameter (spontaneous strain) of the crystal. 相似文献
33.
T. Ditmire J.W.G. Tisch E.T. Gumbrell R.A. Smith D.D. Meyerhofer M.H.R. Hutchinson 《Applied physics. B, Lasers and optics》1997,65(3):313-328
Received: 12 May 1997 相似文献
34.
S.W. Jiang Q.Y. Zhang W. Huang B. Jiang Y. Zhang Y.R. Li 《Applied Surface Science》2006,252(24):8756-8759
The non-crystalline Pb(Zr, Ti)O3 thin films sputtered on Pt(1 1 1)/Ti/SiO2/Si(1 0 0) substrates at room temperature were crystallized by conventional furnace annealing (CFA) and rapid thermal annealing (RTA), respectively. It was found that the RTA process favored the (1 1 1)-preferred orientation in lead zirconate titanate (PZT) thin films while the CFA process favored the (1 0 0)-preferred orientation. The origin of the different orientation selection might be due to the different epitaxial nucleation mechanism. The long heating duration would lead to the aggregation of Pb and the formation of PbO(1 0 0) on film surface; therefore, the nucleation at the PbO(1 0 0)/PZT interface on film surface might lead to the (1 0 0)-preferred orientation. However, the nucleation at the PZT/Pt(1 1 1) electrode interface by RTA process would result in the formation of (1 1 1)-preferred orientation. The RTA-derived (1 1 1)-preferentially oriented PZT thin films exhibited a high remnant polarization of 35 μC/cm2. 相似文献
35.
We have performed detailed resistivity measurements as a function of temperature in the range from 12 to 300 K on oxygen loaded C60 films. We observe that two ordering phase transitions (i.e.,T
0=260 K andT
g
=90 K) are present in (T), which, in addition, strongly depends on the oxygen content. We find a decrease of both ordering temperatures with increasing oxygen concentrations. The mechanisms of oxygen diffusion are greatly enhanced in the ordered phase on heating. Finally, the transition to a glassy state atT
g
is detected as a point of reversibility of the resistivity curve as a function of temperature. 相似文献
36.
The structural transition of bulk and uano-size Gd2O3:Eu are studied by high pressure energy disperse x-ray diffraction (XRD) and high pressure photoluminescence. Our results show that in spite of different size of Gd2O3 particles, the cubic structure turns into a possible hexagonal one above 13.4 GPa. When the pressure is released, the sample reverses to the monoclinic structure. No cubic structure presents in the released samples. That is to say, the compression and relaxation of the sample leads to the cubic Gd2O3:Eu then turns into the monoclinic one. 相似文献
37.
J. W. Eslick Jr H. N. Pham C. Radu A. Puri 《The European Physical Journal D - Atomic, Molecular, Optical and Plasma Physics》2006,38(3):553-562
In this paper, we revisit the problem of quantum entanglement in an
oscillating macroscopic mirror previously studied by Marshall et al. consisting
of a modified Michelson interferometer where one of the mirrors is free to
oscillate about its center of mass. A photon incident upon the oscillating
mirror becomes entangled with the mirror, driving the mirror into a
superposition of quantum states. Once the photon and mirror decouple, the
mirror returns to its initial state. The purpose of our investigations was
to optimize the parameter regime, taking into consideration the current
state of technology and the demands imposed by the need to maintain a stable
environment in the presence of thermal noise. Optimization should not demand
ultra-low temperatures and this is reflected in our results. Our results also
show that if the separation between states is maintained at 10-14 m, the mirror size is reduced, making it easier to induce superposition in
the mirror. The critical nature of mirror reflectivity and its connection to
cavity decay rate was also revealed by our investigations. The results
obtained through our investigations could be useful in quantum error
correction, where decoherence negatively affects the results of computations
performed by quantum computers. Finally, we note that we are only concerned
with an isolated system, where no losses to the external environment occur
and any decoherence that occurs within the system remains internal to the
system; that is, any mention of decoherence refers specifically to
recoverable decoherence. 相似文献
38.
Propagation properties of bright and dark incoherent beams are numerically studied in photovoltaic-photorefractive crystal by using coherent density approach for the first time. Numerical simulations not only exhibit that bright incoherent photovoltaic quasi-soliton, grey-like incoherent photovoltaic soliton, incoherent soliton doublet and triplet can be established under proper conditions, but also display that the spatial coherence properties of these incoherent beams can be significantly affected during propagation by the photovoltaic field. 相似文献
39.
The focusing properties of partially coherent vortex wave fields are studied. Expressions are derived for the intensity distribution and the degree of coherence near the geometrical focus. It is found that the size of coherence vortex dark core in the focal region depends on the topological charges and normalized coherence lengths. It is found that the desired vortex dark core near the geometrical focus can be generated by choosing appropriate values of parameters. The degree of coherence possesses a pair of phase singularities regions in the geometrical focus neighbourhood. 相似文献
40.
T. Palasyuk 《Solid State Communications》2007,141(6):354-358
Systematics of hcp-fcc phase transition observed in a series of lanthanide and yttrium trihydrides has been established. Based on the established systematics the prediction of the hcp-fcc transition pressure for the rest of the lanthanide trihydrides has been made. The role of H-H repulsive interaction as a probable transition promoter is discussed. 相似文献