水泥聚苯模壳格构式混凝土墙体的抗侧性能试验及分析

论文介绍6片不同高宽比的水泥聚苯模壳格构式混凝土墙体在轴压力和水平往复侧推力作用下的试验,分析这种墙体的抗侧强度、刚度和延性等力学性能.试验表明,高宽比大于1的墙体破坏时表现为墙体跟部的单一水平裂缝,其他部位完好;高宽比3∶4的墙体破坏时存在多条通过格构梁柱的斜向裂缝,墙体裂缝分布密集,变形能力好.     

MgO和Si上NbN超薄薄膜的生长研究

我们在单晶MgO(100)、Si(100)和SiOx/Si基片上成功生长了纳米厚度的超薄NbN薄膜,利用现代分析手段:X射线衍射(XRD)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)、原子力显微镜(AFM)等技术分析研究了所制备的超薄NbN薄膜的微观结构、厚度、表面界面情况等物理特性。研究表明,在MgO(100)基片上获得了外延生长的单晶NbN超薄薄膜,在Si(100)和SiOx/Si基片上获得的是多晶NbN超薄薄膜。厚度均约6nm左右。这些超薄薄膜的超导转变温度分别为:MgO上薄膜是14.46K,Si和SiOx上薄膜分别是8.74K和9.01K.     

Activation of the Nrf2 Pathway as a Therapeutic Strategy for ALS Treatment

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis is a progressive and fatal disease that causes motoneurons degeneration and functional impairment of voluntary muscles, with limited and poorly efficient therapies. Alterations in the Nrf2-ARE pathway are associated with ALS pathology and result in aberrant oxidative stress, making the stimulation of the Nrf2-mediated antioxidant response a promising therapeutic strategy in ALS to reduce oxidative stress. In this review, we first introduce the involvement of the Nrf2 pathway in the pathogenesis of ALS and the role played by astrocytes in modulating such a protective pathway. We then describe the currently developed activators of Nrf2, used in both preclinical animal models and clinical studies, taking into consideration their potentialities as well as the possible limitations associated with their use.     

Plasma Treatment Enhanced Magnetic Properties in Manganese Doped Titanium Nitride Thin Films

The ferromagnetic manganese doped TiN films were grown by plasma assisted molecular beam epitaxy on MgO(001) substrates. The nitrogen concentration and the ratio of manganese at Ti lattice sites increase after the plasma annealing post treatment. TiN(002) peak shifts toward low angle direction and TiN(111) peak disappears after the post treatment. The lattice expansion and peak shift are mainly ascribed to the reduction of nitrogen vacancies in films. The magnetism was suppressed in as-prepared sample due to the pinning effect of the nitrogen vacancies at defect sites or interface. The magnetism can be activated by the plasma implantation along with nitrogen vacancies reduce. The decrease of nitrogen vacancies leads to the enhancement of ferromagnetism.     

Characterization of the carrot defect in 4H-SiC epitaxial layers

Characterization of the epitaxial defect known as the carrot defect was performed in thick 4H-SiC epilayers. A large number of carrot defects have been studied using different experimental techniques such as Nomarski optical microscopy, KOH etching, cathodoluminescence and synchrotron white beam X-ray topography. This has revealed that carrot defects appear in many different shapes and structures in the epilayers. Our results support the previous assignment of the carrot defect as related to a prismatic stacking fault. However, we have observed carrot defects with and without a visible threading dislocation related etch pit in the head region, after KOH etching. Polishing of epilayers in a few μm steps in combination with etching in molten KOH and imaging using Nomarski optical microscope has been used to find the geometry and origin of the carrot defects in different epilayers. The defects were found to originate both at the epi-substrate interface and during the epitaxial growth. Different sources of the carrot defect have been observed at the epi-substrate interface, which result in different structures and surfaces appearance of the defect in the epilayer. Furthermore, termination of the carrot defect inside the epilayer and the influence of substrate surface damage and growth conditions on the density of carrot defects are studied.     

Simple and robust digital holography for high-resolution imaging

Based on the point spread function of holographic system,the lateral resolution of digital holographic imaging system without any pre-magnification is studied.The expression of resolution limitation of holographic imaging system is thus presented.We investigate the possibilities to improve the lateral resolution.The simple experimental setup with an off-axis arrangement is built.By using a U.S.Air Force(USAF)test target as microscopic object,the recorded holograms are reconstructed digitally based on the principle of Fresnel diffraction.The lateral resolution of 2.76 μm without any pre-magnification is demonstrated experimentally,which matches the theoretical prediction well.     

Characterization and Spatial Matching of Laser Diode Beams

It is shown that the type of lateral waveguide of a laser diode cannot be determined uniquely based on just the measured magnitude of astigmatism. For a unique determination, the K-factor of Petermann, which characterizes the wavefront curvature at the laser output facet, must be measured as well. In order to determine the type of lateral waveguide, a setup for measuring astigmatic distances in the range 0–200 m with an error of ±2 m and a K-factor with an error of 20% was developed. Operational features of the setup were analyzed, and a technique that allows one to minimize the effect of beam ellipticity on the measurement results was found. Using the technique, the optimization of spatial matching of a laser diode with a ring interferometer of the butterfly type was accomplished. For transformation of the astigmatic elliptical beam into the axially symmetric mode of the interferometer, we have used an optical system that consists of two cylindrical and one spherical lenses. The algorithm for designing the matching system was developed, and the 85% injection of radiation of a AlGaAs laser diode into the principal mode of a ring interferometer was experimentally demonstrated.     

Light emission from Si nanocrystals embedded in CaF2 epilayers on Si(1 1 1): Effect of rapid thermal annealing

Visible photoluminescence (PL) of nanocrystalline silicon (nc-Si) embedded in single crystal CaF₂ formed on Si(1 1 1) has been studied and the influence of ex situ rapid thermal annealing (RTA) on the surface morphology and PL spectra has been studied. It has been found that the PL intensity and uniformity was improved by RTA with appropriate temperature and short annealing time.     

腰椎间盘纤维环膨隆症站立位动态脊髓造影的临床意义

目的:在MRI或CT检查的腰腿痛病人中,通过站立位动态脊髓造影,了解椎间盘纤维环在腰椎中立、过屈、过伸三位置下的变化,并探讨其临床意义,筛选出具有手术指征的LDH病人,决定手术方式.方法:对86例LDH患者,行站立或平卧中立、过屈、过伸脊髓造影,对比分析两组动态变化.鉴别出LDB,选择性行有限椎板减压,或保留其椎间盘.结果:脊髓造影侧位像“拿破仑帽”状影,站立三位置均明显大于平卧位,差异非常显著(P＜0.01),在动态变化中平卧位者改成由中至屈曲位时,硬膜囊受压影较站立位者明显缩小,差异非常显著(P＜0.01),站立由中至伸时,压迫影较平卧位增大,差异显著(P＜0.05).其中28例,行有限椎板切除或保留其椎间盘,效果优良.结论:站立位会使LDB加重、临床症状加重,因站立过伸位使腰椎管狭窄病人症状加重.而平卧位造影时因重力负荷减轻,(拿破仑帽)影像不明显或消失,而出现假阴性.     

高亮度白光LED用外延片的新进展

文章首先介绍了发光二极管（LED）的内量子效率、外量子效率的基本概念和提高量子效率的基本方法，接着对LED外延的结构和方法做了简要介绍．文章的第三和第四部分则着重介绍了提高内、外量子效率的外延方法，这些方法包括外延结构的优化，侧向外延生长，SiC和GaN衬底的生长，AIInGaN四元系有源区生长，非极性面、半极性面的外延，表面粗化结构生长，图形化二次外延结构．图形化蓝宝石衬底上的外延，提高载流子注入效率的结构和组分设计．文章的第五部分则介绍了基于可靠性和成本考虑的其他新型外延结构，第六部分介绍了提高LED可靠性的外延方法．最后得出结论：采用非极性面的GaN衬底，生长优化的LED结构，并结合光子晶体技术，可望取得突破性进展．