Current--voltage characteristics of an individual helical CdS nanowire rope

This paper studies the electronic transport in an individual helically twisted CdS nanowire rope, on which platinum microleads are attached by focused-ion beam deposition. The current-voltage （I - V） characteristics are nonlinear from 300 down to 60 K. Some step-like structures in the I - V curves and oscillation peaks in the differential conductance （dI/dV - V） curves have been observed even at room temperature. It proposes that the observed behaviour can be attributed to Coulomb-blockade transport in the one-dimensional CdS nanowires with diameters of 6-10 nm.     

The effect of solvent on the crystal structure and size distribution of cadmium sulfide nanocrystals

CdS nanocrystals with different structures were synthesized by the method of solution precipitation using thiourea and cadmium acetate as starting materials in different solvents: water, methanol and N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF). Our results show that the solvent has direct effect on the structure and size of the final nanoparticles. It was found that using DMF, as a solvent, results in producing smaller nanoparticles with the cubic structures, while using the other solvents gives rise to larger nanoparticles with the hexagonal structure. It was also found that using heat during washing the precipitate results in a more homogenous size distribution of CdS nanocrystals. On the basis of our experimental results we also suggest a critical structure transformation size.     

温度对CdS纳米颗粒形状和光致发光特性的影响

采用反胶束法,在常温和低温下(接近零度)合成了硅土包裹的CdS纳米颗粒.高分辨电镜表明常温下合成的颗粒呈现直径小于5 nm的球形,而在低温下出现了短棒形和长达微米量级的线形.通过对实验过程的分析表明:不仅合成CdS纳米颗粒溶液的浓度,而且温度对CdS纳米颗粒的形状产生了重要的影响.进一步研究了CdS纳米颗粒的光致发光特性.     

CdS/TiO2/漂珠复合光催化剂制备及其降解高效氯氰菊酯研究

采用溶胶-凝胶-浸渍法制备了Cds/TiO2/漂珠复合光催化剂,通过SEM,XRD对其结构进行了表征.以高效氯氰菊酯(BEC)杀虫剂的光催化降解为模型反应,研究了CdS/TiO2/漂珠的光催化性能,探讨了影响催化剂活性的因素及采用太阳光作光源处理BEC的可行性.结果表明,CdS/TiO2/漂珠投加量为3 000mg·L-1,初始浓度为45 mg·L-1、初始pH为6.5,通气量为200 mL·min-1时间为60 min,BEC降解率分别为92.1%(125W高压汞灯)和79.3%(5 W紫外灯),采用太阳光照射300 min,BEC降解率可达93.4%.BEC的降解反应遵从L-H动力学模型,测得反应速率常数9.80 mg·(L·min)-1,吸附常数4.36×10-3 L·mg-1.     

Optical investigation of the red band emission of CdS nanoparticles

Cadmium sulfide (CdS) nanoparticles, with different Cd/S molar ratios, were chemically produced and characterized in this study. High quality CdS nanoparticles were grown in the hexagonal phase, as indicated by X-ray diffraction data and Raman spectroscopy. Photoluminescence was used to investigate the surface effects caused by submitting the nanoparticle-based samples at different laser treatments and vacuum pressure.     

水热法制备p-CoFe_2O_4/n-CdS及其光催化制氢性能

水热法制备了系列p-n复合半导体p-CoFe_2O_4/n-CdS。采用X射线衍射(XRD)、冷场发射扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、紫外-可见漫反射光谱(UV-Vis DRS)、透射电镜(TEM)和电化学工作站等对制得的光催化剂进行了结构和性能表征。研究了p-CoFe_2O_4/n-CdS复合光催化剂的可见光催化制氢性能及光腐蚀性能,并对光催化活性的提高、反应条件的影响及光腐蚀行为的抑制机理进行了分析。结果表明:由于CoFe_2O_4和CdS两种窄带隙半导体复合增加了光吸收率;CdS独特的树形结构以及CoFe_2O_4和CdS二者复合所产生的能带交迭和内建电场的三重作用,促进了电子从CoFe_2O_4向CdS的迁移,减少电子-空穴对复合的概率,增强了光催化活性。光生电子-空穴对的分离效率以及光催化剂表面吸附性能都对产氢速率有重要影响。CH_3OH水溶液的pH对光催化剂中光生电子-空穴对的分离效率以及光催化剂表面吸附性能都有影响。牺牲剂CH_3OH的加入以及CoFe_2O_4和CdS二者复合所产生的能带交迭和内建电场的作用都对CdS的光腐蚀起了抑制作用,后者的抑制效果更好。     

CdS films deposited by chemical bath under rotation

Cadmium sulfide (CdS) films were deposited on rotating substrates by the chemical bath technique. The effects of the rotation speed on the morphological, optical, and structural properties of the films were discussed. A rotating substrate-holder was fabricated such that substrates can be taken out from the bath during the deposition. CdS films were deposited at different deposition times (10, 20, 30, 40 and 50 min) onto Corning glass substrates at different rotation velocities (150, 300, 450, and 600 rpm) during chemical deposition. The chemical bath was composed by CdCl₂, KOH, NH₄NO₃ and CS(NH₂)₂ as chemical reagents and heated at 75 °C. The results show no critical effects on the band gap energy and the surface roughness of the CdS films when the rotation speed changes. However, a linear increase on the deposition rate with the rotation energy was observed, meanwhile the stoichiometry was strongly affected by the rotation speed, resulting a better 1:1 Cd/S ratio as speed increases. Rotation effects may be of interest in industrial production of CdTe/CdS solar cells.     

Room temperature magnetism of Fe doped CdS nanocrystals

Undoped and Fe doped CdS nanocrystals with Fe content of 2–5 at% of average crystallite size 1.2–2 nm have been obtained using chemical co-precipitation method with 2-mercaptoethonal as capping agent at 80 °C. X-ray diffraction (XRD) results showed that the undoped CdS nanocrystals were in mixed phase of cubic and hexagonal, where as the doped CdS nanocrystals were in hexagonal phase. Room-temperature ferromagnetism has been observed in Fe-doped CdS nanocrystals. Magnetic studies indicated diamagnetism in undoped, ferromagnetism in lightly doped (2 and 3 at%) and paramagnetism in samples of higher Fe content (4 and 5 at%). The substitutional incorporation of Fe³⁺ ion in Cd²⁺ sites was reflected in structural and electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) measurements. Isolated as well as interacting Fe³⁺ ions are observed in EPR.     

光谱法研究CdSe/CdS/ZnS量子点与壳聚糖的复合

通过CdSe/CdS/ZnS量子点与壳聚糖之间的静电作用,用共混法制备了壳聚糖-CdSe/CdS/ZnS复合物.用荧光光谱、紫外-可见光谱、红外光谱对所得的壳聚糖-CdSe/CdS/ZnS复合物进行了表征.研究结果表明:壳聚糖-CdSe/CdS/ZnS复合物具有良好的光学性能.     

High resolution detection of high mass proteins up to 80,000 Da via multifunctional CdS quantum dots in laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry

CdS quantum dots (∼5 nm) are used as multifunctional nanoprobes as an effective matrix for large proteins, peptides and as affinity probes for the enrichment of tryptic digest proteins (lysozyme, myoglobin and cytochrome c) in laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (LDI-TOF MS). The use of CdS quantum dots (CdS QDs) as the matrix allows acquisition of high resolution LDI mass spectra for large proteins (5000-80,000 Da). The enhancement of mass resolution is especially notable for large proteins such as BSA, HSA and transferrin (34-49 times) when compared with those obtained by using SA as the matrix. This technique demonstrates the potentiality of LDI-TOF-MS as an appropriate analytical tool for the analysis of high-molecular-weight biomolecules with high mass resolution. In addition, CdS QDs are also used as matrices for background-free detection of small biomolecules (peptides) and as affinity probes for the enrichment of tryptic digest proteins in LDI-TOF-MS.