青霉素G钾盐在CTAB胶束中的水解及其抑制

以紫外光谱法研究了青霉素G钾盐(Pen-K)在十六烷基三甲基溴化铵（CTAB）胶束体系中的水解反应, 并探讨了水解反应机理.结果表明, CTAB胶束对Pen-K的水解具有抑制作用; Pen-K在CTAB胶束体系水解时,体系pH值的变化与在水中相似, 表明H＋浓度对这种抑制作用影响较小.红外光谱和微极性研究表明,部分Pen-K钾盐定位于CTAB胶束栅栏层中, 增加了其稳定性.     

CTAB对四磺酸基酞菁钴与Na2S反应的影响

研究了十六烷基三甲基溴化铵（CTAB）对四磺酸基酞菁钴(CoTsPc)与Na₂S反应的影响，发现在CTAB存在下CoTsPc与Na₂S更易发生氧化还原反应生成轴向配合物HSCo(I)TsPc. 讨论了CTAB对该反应的作用机理. 采用多波长、双系数法解析反应平衡混合物的紫外吸收光谱，计算了该反应生成物的组成和反应的平衡常数. 从温度对反应平衡常数影响，得到了该反应的热力学数据. 在CTAB浓度为8.36×10^-3 mol•L^-1及303 K时，反应的ΔGΘ、ΔHΘ和ΔSΘ分别为－17.28 kJ•mol^-1、84.1 kJ•mol^-1 和335 J•mol^-1•K^-1.     

The effect of particle concentration on zeta potential in extremely dilute solutions

The electroporetic mobility of hexadecane particles in water and in very dilute CTAB solutions was measured. The technique of microelectrophoresis was applied. Zeta potential was calculated according to the Hückel formula, applying Henry's correction factors. Electrokinetic charge density was calculated according to the formula used by Delgado et al., and previously discovered empiricaly by Loeb et al. and derived mathematicaly by Ohshima et al. It was found that the particle concentration in emulsion limits their charge in solutions of very low ion concentration (10^–7:10^–6 M), because the greater the particle concentration, the smaller the extent of the ions adsorbed at the surface of one particle. The zeta potential was found to be independent of particle concentration if the ratio of the number of bulk ions to particle number is not lower than 1.6×10⁶. This ratio depends on particle size, and the value 1.6×10⁶ relates to particles of diameter 1.6 m.     

Voltammetric behavior and determination of estrogens at Nafion-modified glassy carbon electrode in the presence of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide

A method is described for the determination of estrogens (estradiol, estrone and estriol) by stripping voltammetry. These estrogens yield one well-defined oxidation peak at the Nafion-modified glassy carbon electrode in the presence of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB). The peak current is proportional to the concentration of estradiol in the range from 2.5×10⁻⁸ to 1.5×10⁻⁶ mol/l, and the detection limit is 1×10⁻⁹ mol/l after accumulation of 6 min. The total amounts of estrogens in the blood serums were determined using the voltammetric method, and the average recovery was 106.04%. The mechanism of the oxidation of estradiol was investigated by electrochemical techniques and UV spectra.     

OBSERVATION OF DNA PARTIAL DENATURATION BY ATOMIC FORCE MICROSCOPY

Atomic force microscopy was used to investigate the DNA-cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) complexes adsorbed on highly ordered pyrolytic graphite (HOPG). These complexes, at low concentrations, can automatically spread out on the surface of HOPG. The DNA-CTAB complexes display a typically extended structure rather than a globular structure. Partially denaturated DNA produced by binding CTAB to DNA is directly observed by AFM with high resolution. The three-dimensional resolution of partially denaturated DNA obtained by AFM is not available by any other technique at present.     

高分辨NMR研究苯乙烯在CTAB微乳液体系中的增溶行为

绘制了CTAB／正丁醇／水／苯乙烯构成的微乳液体系的相图，研究了增溶苯乙烯的含量对相态的影响．通过^1H NMR的测定，得出苯乙烯分子主要分布于微乳液滴的栅栏层中，而在微乳液滴内核的增溶量较少．同时，空间位阻效应使得苯乙烯分子几乎无法增溶在CTAB分子的N-CH3基团附近．通过^13CNMR谱的研究发现，苯乙烯分子在栅栏层中的增溶是不均匀的，在CYAB分子的β碳原子附近增溶量最多，增溶物苯乙烯的增溶量沿着CTAB分子的烃链自外向内逐渐减少．正丁醇分子的^13C化学位移的变化趋势呈“V”字形，正是因为苯乙烯的加入使得正丁醇分子在微乳液的分散相之间的分配发生了改变．     

Electric Spectra Study of Tetra-Hydrophenyl Porphyrin with Two Hexadecyl Chains in CTAB Micelle Aqueous Solutions

Abstract

UV-visible and fluorescence spectral studies shows that tetra-hydrophenyl porphyrin with two hexadecyl chains (P₂) could be solubilized in CTAB micelle, and that the hydrophilic ability of P2 increases with increasing bulk pH. The change in bulk pH lead to the changing of the solubilizing location of P₂ in the CTAB micelle. In neutral (pH 6.88) conditions, the hydrophilic head group of P₂ readily locates in the stern layer of CTAB micelle. However, the solubilizing location of P₂ takes a location change to the outer surface of the CTAB micelle with the bulk pH increasing up to 11.41. Furthermore, the CTAB micelle could provide a strong basic microenvironment (like 1.5 mol dm^?3 NaOH aqueous solution) to P₂ in mild basic conditions; resulting in the deprotonation of the pyrrole nitrogen of the porphyrin moiety in a mile basic CTAB micelle solution.     

Synthesis of large pore-diameter SBA-15 mesostructured spherical silica and its application in ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography

A modified synthesis approach for spherical large pore-diameter SBA-15 mesoporous silica (SLP-SBA-15) with particle size range of 0.5–1 μm was being reported. It was worth mentioning that in this improved methodology, the use of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) as co-template significantly reduced the self-assembly time from 24 h to 45 min. Moreover, under reflux condition, the reaction time could be further shortened by reducing the aging time from 48 h to 6 h. The resultant SLP-SBA-15 was thereafter successfully functionalized and packed into an ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC) column for the separation of aromatic compounds. A variety of characterizations demonstrated that the silica products exhibited a well-ordered 2d hexagonal mesostructure with well-formed spherical morphology. pore-diameter can be enlarged up to 8.2 nm without affecting the structural order. The SLP-SBA-15 samples showed excellent thermal and hydrothermal stabilities. The octadecyltriethoxysilane functionalized SLP-SBA-15 (SLP-C18-SBA-15) was demonstrated to be an effective stationary phase in UHPLC application because the column exhibited significantly reduced column pressure (2800 psi) at a flow rate of 0.4 ml/min. Accordingly, it would afford greater flexibility for tuning of the flow rate to meet the fast separation requirement.     

Hydrated electrons in water-in-oil microemulsion: a pulse radiolysis study

Half-life and yield of hydrated electron in water-in-oil microemulsion of cetyl trimethylammonium bromide-water-1-pentanol-cyclohexane system has been studied. Dose distribution calculation suggests scavenging of electrons that are generated in cyclohexane by water pools and hydroxyl radical generation by direct water radiolysis only. Dose distribution, half-life of e_aq⁻, generation and solvation of e_aq⁻ in this system and its comparison with other systems have been discussed.