A logarithmic Gauss curvature flow and the Minkowski problem

Let X₀ be a smooth uniformly convex hypersurface and f a postive smooth function in Sⁿ. We study the motion of convex hypersurfaces X(·,t) with initial X(·,0)=;8;X₀ along its inner normal at a rate equal to log(K/f) where K is the Gauss curvature of X(·,t). We show that the hypersurfaces remain smooth and uniformly convex, and there exists ;8;^*>0 such that if ;8;<;8;^*, they shrink to a point in finite time and, if ;8;>;8;^*, they expand to an asymptotic sphere. Finally, when ;8;=;8;^*, they converge to a convex hypersurface of which Gauss curvature is given explicitly by a function depending on f(x).     

The blow-up curve of solutions of mixed problems for semilinear wave equations with exponential nonlinearities in one space dimension, II

In this paper, we consider mixed problems with a timelike boundary derivative (or a Dirichlet) condition for semilinear wave equations with exponential nonlinearities in a quarter plane. The case when the boundary vector field is tangent to the characteristic which leaves the domain in the future is also considered. We show that solutions either are global or blow up on a C¹ curve which is spacelike except at the point where it meets the boundary; at that point, it is tangent to the characteristic which leaves the domain in the future.     

8-羟基喹哪啶-丙烯酸-镓(Ⅲ)与甲基丙烯酸甲酯共聚物的光致发光研究

制备了8-羟基喹哪啶、丙烯酸与镓(Ⅲ)的三元配合物,将此配合物与甲基丙烯酸甲酯共聚后得到一种含镓(Ⅲ)的共聚物,这种共聚物易溶于氯仿、丙酮等普通低沸点溶剂,具有良好的成膜性能。通过红外光谱、元素分析、紫外光谱等方法对三元配合物和共聚物的组成进行了表征。三元配合物和共聚物的荧光光谱测试,表明共聚物在496 nm处能发出较强的荧光。     

Stabilization of non-premixed flames in supersonic reactive flows

A Lagrangian framework is set out to describe turbulent non-premixed combustion in high speed coflowing jet flows. The final aim is to provide a robust computational methodology to simulate, in various conditions, the underexpanded GH2/GO2 torch jet that is used to initiate combustion in an expander cycle engine. The proposed approach relies on an early modelling proposal of Borghi and his coworkers. The model is well suited to describe finite rate chemistry effects and its recent extension to high speed flows allows one to take the influence of viscous dissipation phenomena into account. Indeed, since the chemical source terms are highly temperature sensitive, the influence of viscous phenomena on the thermal runaway is likely to be all the more pronounced since the Mach number values are high. The validation of the extended model has been recently performed through the numerical simulation of two distinct well-documented experimental databases. Only a brief summary of this preliminary validation step is provided here. The main purpose of the present work is to proceed with the numerical simulation of geometries that bring together the essential peculiarities of the underexpanded GH2/GO2 torch. The behavior of the corresponding supersonic coflowing jet flames for various conditions is discussed in the light of computational results. To cite this article: J.-F. Izard, A. Mura, C. R. Mecanique 337 (2009).     

Simultaneous measurements of equivalence ratio and flame structure in multipoint injectors using PLIF

Simultaneous measurements of PLIF-kerosene and PLIF-OH have been successfully performed in a multipoint injection system for various overall equivalence ratio, air inlet temperature between 480 and 730 K and pressure up to 2.2 MPa. Single shot 2D-maps of the spatial distribution of kerosene vapour and OH radical in the combustor have been recorded with good signal-to-noise ratio. Results show that depending on the split between the pilot and the main injectors, the flame front exhibits a single or a double structure. Good spatial correlation between the repartition of the kerosene vapour and the position of the flame front was observed; in particular, no “dark zone” is observed between the fuel and the flame front. As temperature and pressure increase, fuel evaporation improves and the spatial distribution of OH radical becomes more homogeneous in the combustor, suggesting a partially-distributed combustion. To cite this article: M. Orain et al., C. R. Mecanique 337 (2009).     

Shock and traveling wave phenomena on an externally damped, non-linear string

We examine the propagation of shocks and traveling wave phenomena on a one-dimensional string that is executing finite-amplitude, transverse vibrations in a resisting medium. As part of our study, we develop an approach that allows us to describe, albeit approximately, the evolution and propagation of a shock front using analytical methods. In addition, exact traveling wave solutions, one of which involves the Lambert W-function, of the string's equation of motion are determined and analyzed. Lastly, a possible new form of the solution to the linearized problem is presented and extensions and other applications of the present work are briefly discussed.     

Concentration‐dependent Raman study of noncoincidence effect in the NH2 bending and CO stretching modes of HCONH2 in the binary mixture (HCONH2 + CH3OH)

The isotropic and anisotropic parts of the Raman spectra of NH₂ bending and ν(CO) stretching modes of HCONH₂ in a hydrogen‐bonding solvent, methanol, at different concentrations have been analyzed carefully in order to study the noncoincidence effect (NCE). In neat HCONH₂, the experimentally measured values of noncoincidence Δν_nc are ∼11 and ∼18 cm⁻¹ for the NH₂ bending and ν(CO) stretching modes, which reduce to 0.45 and 1.14 cm⁻¹, respectively at the concentration of HCONH₂ in mole fraction, χ_m = 0.1. The experimental results have been explained on the basis of two models, namely, the microscopic prediction of Logan and the macroscopic model of Mirone and Fini. The relative success of the two models in explaining the experimental data for both the modes have been discussed. It has been observed that in case of the ν(CO) stretching vibrational mode the Logan model can reproduce the experimental data rather precisely, whereas in the case of the NH₂ bending mode, Mirone and Fini model yields more accurate results. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

沉淀浮选预分离/富集与FAAS联用测定粮食中痕量Cu和Mn的研究

提出了以8-羟基喹啉为沉淀剂,十二烷基苯磺酸钠为浮选剂,沉淀浮选预分离富集与火焰原子吸收光谱法联用测定痕量Cu和Mn的新方法。研究了浮选分离富集Cu和Mn的最佳条件。讨论了多种浮选条件对单一离子测定的影响及pH 9时混合离子浮选的相互影响,并考察了多种离子对Cu和Mn测定的影响。研究表明,pH为9时Cu的浮选率最大,在此条件下改变混合金属离子的浓度比,当Mn/Cu≥8时,Cu的回收率小于90%。方法简便,快速,灵敏度高,精密度理想,又可避免使用有毒的有机溶剂。铜的校准曲线线性范围为0.5～5.0 μg·mL-1,相关线性系数为0.999 6,方法检出限为1.59×10-3 μg·mL-1。锰的校准曲线线性范围为0.5～5.0μg·mL-1,相关线性系数为0.9987,方法检出限为3.52×10-3 μg·mL-1。该法应用于粮食中铜锰含量的测定,加标回收率达到87.6%～100.7%,结果令人满意。     

XAD树脂分组水稻土富里酸组分的脂肪族特性

为准确把握由多种物质组成的富里酸的化学性质及结构,将富里酸按一定的性质及构造相似的特征进行细划分,从而减小富里酸的复杂性。该研究以通用缓冲液(pH 2)平衡后的XAD-8树脂能吸附H+型富里酸,利用pH 4.8,pH 7.0,pH 11.0的该通用缓冲液,可将富里酸中亲水性物质按解离程度分离为三种组分,再用水、乙醇将富里酸中的疏水性物质划分为的强、弱两部分。分析各组分的元素组成,红外光谱和核磁共振(1HNMR)的特征,认为在低pH缓冲液溶出的组分中含氧量、羧基含量高于水和乙醇溶出的组分,而脂肪性成分含量则低于水和乙醇溶出的组分,并且脂肪族侧链较短。     

利用亮度波形证明固态阴极射线发光

制备了3种结构的器件：A: ITO/SiO₂/Alq₃/Al, B: ITO/Alq₃/SiO₂/Al,C: ITO/SiO₂/Alq₃/SiO₂/Al。对于器件A和B,在正向偏压(ITO接正极)下才能观察到发光;而对于器件C,在正向和反向偏压下都可以观察到发光。随着电压升高,器件B和C产生的蓝色发光相对绿光逐渐增强。这主要是由于SiO₂中的加速电子碰撞激发Alq₃发光层产生热电子,并与空穴形成电子空穴对,复合产生蓝光;而对于器件A,在反向偏压下被热电子碰撞激发出的空穴与正向偏压下从Al电极进入的电子复合形成激子,产生绿色发光。这些结构的器件发光不但可来源于电子与积累的空穴复合,而且也来自固态阴极射线发光。