添加剂PVP和MTS对合成Beta分子筛结构与性能的影响

分别以铝酸钠和硅溶胶为铝源和硅源,四乙基氢氧化铵为模板剂,在水热条件下,考察了添加剂(聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVP)和甲基三乙氧基硅烷(MTS))对合成Beta分子筛结构与性能的影响,并通过XRD、TEM、BET、ICP、~(29)Si-NMR和NH_3-TPD等方法对合成样品进行了结构表征和作用机理讨论,同时以催化裂化异丙苯为模型反应评价其催化性能。结果表明,与传统Beta分子筛相比,加入PVP后所得样品具有更高结晶度和较高的硅铝物质的量比(25.68)以及较大的比表面积(772 m~2/g);而加入MTS后尽管具有较大比表面积(657 m~2/g)和较高硅铝物质的量比(25.76),但是结晶度却相对降低,且粒径减小(160-320 nm)。两种添加剂作用下所得样品均具有更多酸量,在催化裂化异丙苯的反应中表现出较高的催化活性。     

Production of annular flat-topped vortex beams

A model of an annular flat-topped vortex beam based on multi-Gaussian superimposition is proposed.We experimentally produce this beam with a computer-generated hologram(CGH) displayed on a spatial light modulator(SLM).The power of the beam is concentrated on a single-ring structure and has an extremely strong radial intensity gradient.This beam facilitates various applications ranging from Sisyphus atom cooling to micro-particle trapping.     

《化学研究》2012年第23卷1～6期总目次

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超快光放大器：硅和铒材料首次集成在一张芯片上

在光学微芯片内，光沿着通道、硅波导管行进。例如，从玻璃纤维中射出的光会被引导通过带耦合器和分束器的光通道结构。在这个过程中，硅扮演着主力角色，但它仍然执行的是光的被动传导功能，同时还会有一些损失。为了能够放大信号，或者能在芯片上载人光源，有必要选取一些其它材料。     

光谱法研究水团簇结构对AlCl3溶液与血清白蛋白作用的影响

研究了冷冻-解冻处理对A1CI₃溶液团簇结构和AICl₃与血清白蛋白相互作用的影响。测定了AICl₃溶液冷冻-解冻处理前后电导率的变化,发现AICI₃溶液经冷冻处理后,电导率有明显增加。采用紫外分光光度法和荧光光谱法对冷冻前后AICI₃溶液与血清白蛋白相互作用的研究表明,A1C1₃溶液经冷冻-解冻处理后,与血清白蛋白的相互作用变弱,配位诱导作用降低,静态猝灭作用变小,这种相互作用变弱的效应是由于水的分子团簇结构变化引起的。     

Material growth and device fabrication of terahertz quantum-cascade laser based on bound-to-continuum structure

The terahertz quantum-cascade laser （THz QCL） based on bound-to-continuum structure is demonstrated. The X-ray diffraction measurement of the material shows a high crystalline quality of the active region. A THz QCL device was fabricated with semi-insulating surface-plasmon waveguide. The test device is lasing at about 3 THz and operating up to 60 K. It shows a single frequency property under different drive currents and temperatures. At 9 K, the maximum output power is greater than 2 mW with a threshold current density of 159 A/cm2.     

Evolution from Diffuse Ferroelectric to Relaxor Ferroelectric in Pb1-xBax（Fe1/2Nb1/2）O3 Solid Solutions

Dielectric and ferroelectric characteristics for Pb1-xBax（Fe1/2Nh/2）O3 （x = 0,0.05,0.1,0.15, and 0.2） ceramics are determined together with their structures. X-ray diffraction （XRD） analysis confirms the solid solutions with the cubic structure. The dielectric nature changes from diffuse ferroelectric to relaxor ferroelectric with increasing x, while the phase transition temperature Tc （or Tm） decreases monotonously. The diffuse ferroelectric phase transition is observed in the solid solutions with 0≤x ≤0.05. For Pbl-xBax（Fe1/2Nb1/2）O3 with 0.1≤ x≤0.2, relaxor ferroelectric behavior is determined, and the Vogel-Fulcher equation is used to describe the relaxor behavior. The 1/ε versus T plots reveal the diffusion dielectric characteristics in both diffuse and relaxor ferroelectrics.     

Relation between Airy beams and triple-cusp beams

Airy beams and triple-cusp beams are two kinds of accelerating beams. The propagation characteristics and internal topological structures of accelerating Airy beams are well understood because of the developed mathematical theory about Airy function. However, limited information is available about the optical characteristics of accelerating triple-cusp beams. In this work, the relationship between Airy beams and triple-cusp beams is examined theoretically and experimentally. Results reveal some important optical characteristics of triple-cusp beams based on the optical characteristics of Airy beams. These findings are expected to provide a foundation for future applications of triple-cusp beams.     

熔盐堆空气换热器结构完整性分析

熔盐堆作为第四代核反应堆备选堆型之一,运行温度高,对材料高温性能要求严格;熔盐堆空气换热器作为实验堆关键设备,工作温度高,启停机次数多,长期运行后,材料许用应力松弛下降,应力、应变可能超出允许限值,或发生蠕变疲劳失效。使用Workbench软件,对熔盐堆空气换热器进行力学分析,并对A级使用载荷要求进行结构完整性评定,结果表明:熔盐堆空气换热器满足力学性能要求,其中疲劳损伤占比重较大,高温蠕变损伤也较为显著。