可见光促进钯催化C—H键胺化反应合成咔唑醌衍生物的研究（英文）

以2-氨基-3-芳基萘-1,4-二酮为底物,发展了一类可见光/钯催化的分子内C—H键氧化胺化反应.以氧气作为氧化剂及醋酸钯作为催化剂,在蓝色LED光照射下,2-氨基-3-芳基萘-1,4-二酮底物在室温下被转化为咔唑醌衍生物,反应具有良好的产率、官能团耐受性和优异的区域选择性.     

吲哚氮杂环作为自由基受体在串联环化反应中的研究进展

含吲哚骨架衍生物因其具有多样的生物活性,广泛应用于生物活性分子的合成与修饰,特别是在药物化学、农药化学领域中.近年来,高效的吲哚环合成与后官能化反应己成为热门的研究主题,例如吲哚的不对称去芳构化反应构建螺环衍生物.不饱和烃的自由基串联反应一直是有机化学的一个重要研究分支,含吲哚母体的不饱和烃串联环化反应已经成为吲哚骨架...     

烷基、芳基和氟烷基硒化反应的研究进展

有机硒化物在医药、农药、合成以及材料领域均有着十分重要的应用价值,在抗癌、抗炎等方面有着尤为突出的作用,因此有机含硒化合物的合成研究显得尤为重要.有机硒化物的传统制备方法是通过硒酚或二硒醚(RSeSeR)等含硒底物与烷基或芳基化试剂反应,近年来,研究人员也开发了一些新型的直接烷基或芳基硒化试剂.另一方面,氟烷硒基化反应...     

Raney Ni催化生物基糠醛还原胺化合成糠胺

生物质衍生物糠醛还原胺化是合成糠胺的一种有效方法。本文以糠醛为原料、氨水为氨源,使用商业Raney Ni催化糠醛还原胺化合成糠胺,考察了氢压、温度、n(糠醛)/n(氨水)、溶剂、催化剂用量等条件对反应的影响。实验结果表明：在1,4-二氧六环溶剂中,0.03 g Raney Ni、n(糠醛)/n(氨水)=1/2、130 ℃、2.0 MPa H₂条件下反应3 h,糠醛转化率100%,糠胺选择性96.3%。与传统方法相比,该工艺实现了非贵金属催化剂作用下高选择性反应,具有操作简单、低成本、收率高等优点。      

季铵盐在油田化学品中的研究进展

介绍了季铵盐分子的特性(安全低毒、性能稳定、水溶性强)以及合成工艺,综述了季铵盐分子近年来在缓蚀剂、杀菌剂、页岩抑制剂以及有机改性剂方面的研究进展,以及作用机理.对于同一类处理剂的优缺点,季铵盐分子易生物降解、作用效果强使其使其广泛地应用于油田化学品中并符合钻井、完井、采油环保以及抗高温要求.结合上述四种油田化学处理剂...     

石墨烯负载的氧配位钴单原子稳定金属锂负极

Lithium (Li)-based batteries are the dominant energy source for consumer electronics, grid storage, and electrified transportation. However, the development of batteries based on graphite anodes is hindered by their limited energy density. With its ultrahigh theoretical capacity (3860 mAh∙g⁻¹), low redox potential (−3.04 V), and satisfactorily low density (0.54 g∙cm⁻³), Li metal is the most promising anode for next-generation high-energy-density batteries. Unfortunately, the limited cycling life and safety issues raised by dendrite growth, unstable solid electrolyte interphase, and dead Li have inhibited their practical use. An effective strategy is to develop a suitable lithiophilic matrix for regulating initial Li nucleation behavior and controlling subsequent Li growth. Herein, single-atom cobalt coordinated to oxygen sites on graphene (Co-O-G SA) is demonstrated as a Li plating substrate to efficiently regulate Li metal nucleation and growth. Owing to its dense and more uniform lithiophilic sites than single-atom cobalt coordinated to nitrogen sites on graphene (Co-N-G SA), high electronic conductivity, and high specific surface area (519 m²∙g⁻¹), Co-O-G SA could significantly reduce the local current density and promote the reversibility of Li plating and stripping. As a result, the Co-O-G SA based Li anodes exhibited a high Coulombic efficiency of 99.9% at a current density of 1 mA∙cm⁻² with a capacity of 1 mAh∙cm⁻², and excellent rate capability (high current density of 8 mA∙cm⁻²). Even at a high plating capacity of 6 mAh∙cm⁻², the Co-O-G SA electrode could stably cycle for an ultralong lifespan of 1300 h. In the symmetric battery, the Co-O-G SA based Li anode (Co-O-G SA/Li) possessed a stable voltage profile of 18 mV for 780 h at 1 mA∙cm⁻², and even at a high current density of 3 mA∙cm⁻², its overpotential maintained a small hysteresis of approximately 24 mV for > 550 h. Density functional theory calculations showed that the surface of Co-O-G SA had a stronger interaction with Li atoms with a larger binding energy, −3.1 eV, than that of Co-N-G SA (−2.5 eV), leading to a uniform distribution of metallic Li on the Co-O-G SA surface. More importantly, when matched with a sulfur cathode, the resulting Co-O-G SA/lithium sulfur full batteries exhibited a high capacity of 1002 mAh∙g⁻¹, improved kinetics with a small polarization of 191 mV, and an ultralow capacity decay rate of 0.036% per cycle for 1000 cycles at 0.5C (1C = 1675 mA∙g⁻¹) with a steady Coulombic efficiency of nearly 100%. Therefore, this work provides novel insights into the coordination environment of single atoms for the chemistry of Li metal anodes for high-energy-density batteries.     

改性L石催化苯酚羟基化反应的应用

以L沸石为载体,分别采用浸渍法和离子交换法制备了Cu/L催化剂,并应用于苯酚羟基化反应.在苯酚与双氧水摩尔比等于3的条件下详细考察了反应时间、反应温度、L沸石酸碱性以及Cu的负载量和负载方法等因素对反应的影响.结果表明:采用浸渍法制备的催化剂比离子交换法制备的催化剂具有更高的活性,而且增加催化剂酸量或者升高反应温度均有利于提高苯酚转化.在最佳反应条件下,反应2h苯酚转化率为24.0%,苯二酚选择性为71.4%,其中n(邻苯二酚)/n(对苯二酚)为1.22.     

Moracin M的简便合成及其生物活性研究

本文以4-甲氧基水杨醛和3,5-二甲氧基溴化苄为原料,经取代、缩合和水解等3步反应,以38%的总收率合成了Moracin M。分别采用DPPH自由基清除法、小鼠巨噬细胞RAW264.7模型初步测试了Moracin M的抗氧化活性和体外抗炎活性,结果表明该化合物对DPPH自由基的清除能力很强（IC₅₀=0.0433mg/mL）,优于阳性对照药V_C,且具有一定的抗炎活性。      

原位限域生长策略制备有序介孔碳负载的超小MoO3纳米颗粒

采用原位限域生长策略制备了一系列有序介孔碳负载的超小MoO₃纳米颗粒复合物(OMC-US-MoO₃). 其中, 有序介孔碳被用作基质来原位限域MoO₃纳米晶的生长. 依此方法制备的MoO₃纳米晶具有超小的晶粒尺寸(<5 nm), 并在介孔碳骨架内具有良好的分散度. 制得的OMC-US-MoO₃复合物具有可调的比表面积(428~796 m²/g)、 孔容(0.27~0.62 cm³/g)、 MoO₃质量分数(4%~27%)和孔径(4.6~5.7 nm). 当MoO₃纳米晶的质量分数为7%时, 所得样品OMC-US-MoO₃-7具有最大的孔径、 最小的孔壁厚度和最规整的介观结构. 该样品作为催化剂时, 表现出优异的环辛烯选择性氧化性能.