磁流变弹性体若干物理量的数值分析

应用有限元方法,考虑了颗粒的磁化饱和过程与非线性磁化过程,计算得到了磁流变弹性体中的磁场分布,进而研究了在不同磁场大小、不同颗粒体积比浓度下磁流变弹性体在成链方向的相对磁导率,计算结果和实验结果取得了一致。利用Maxwell应力张量,计算了磁场引起的磁流变弹性体的附加剪切模量。分析了颗粒体积比浓度、外加磁场对磁流变弹性体的磁致剪切模量的影响。研究了颗粒为旋转椭球形状时,颗粒的放置方式与其长短轴之比对磁流变弹性体的磁致剪切模量的影响。计算结果表明,磁流变弹性体的相对磁导率随颗粒体积比浓度的增大而增大,随磁场强度的增大而减小,颗粒的形状和放置方式对磁流变效应有很大的影响。     

大口径光学元件磁流变加工驻留时间求解算法

为了解决大口径光学元件磁流变高精度加工问题,基于矩阵运算模型,提出了SBB(Subspace Barzilai and Borwein)最小非负二乘与自适应Tikhonov正则化相结合的驻留时间快速求解方法。同时,在一次收敛中采用双去除函数优化螺旋线轨迹下光学元件的加工,保证中心区域与全口径面形精度一致。仿真表明该算法与常用Lawson-Hanson最小非负二乘法相比,计算精度一致且求解效率大幅提高。对Φ600mm以彗差为主的光学表面模拟加工,峰谷(PV)值和均方根(RMS)值从初始的2.712λ与0.461λ中心区域全局一致收敛到0.306λ和0.0199λ(λ=632.8nm)。因此,提出的算法能够在有效保证面形收敛精度的同时快速获得稳定可靠的驻留时间分布,为磁流变抛光应用于大口径光学元件提供有力支持。     

Radiation Vulcanization of Magnetorheological Elastomers Based on Silicone Rubber

介绍了两种制备磁流变弹性体的硫化方法即高温硫化和辐射硫化. 研究中采用动态力学分析仪(DMA)测量了样品的动态力学特性.特别是对样品的磁流变效应和耐久性进行了详细的测试. 实验结果表明,经过辐射硫化的样品具有更大的零场模量和磁致模量,以及更好的磁流变效应和耐久性. 为了解释这些结果,文章对样品的体积形变和增塑剂渗出都作了详细的分析. 在硫化过程中样品的体积保持稳定是辐射硫化样品具有大磁致模量的重要原因,而增塑剂渗透性小也是辐射硫化样品具有高磁流变效应和耐久性的重要因素.     

THEORY OF DIELECTRIC ELASTOMERS

In response to a stimulus, a soft material deforms, and the deformation provides a function. We call such a material a soft active material （SAM）. This review focuses on one class of soft active materials： dielectric elastomers. When a membrane of a dielectric elastomer is subject to a voltage through its thickness, the membrane reduces thickness and expands area, possibly straining over 100%. The dielectric elastomers are being developed as transducers for broad applications, including soft robots, adaptive optics, Braille displays, and electric generators. This paper reviews the theory of dielectric elastomers, developed within continuum mechanics and thermodynamics, and motivated by molecular pictures and empirical observations. The theory couples large deformation and electric potential, and describes nonlinear and nonequilibrium behavior, such as electromechanical instability and viscoelasticity. The theory enables the finite element method to simulate transducers of realistic configurations, predicts the efficiency of electromechanical energy conversion, and suggests alternative routes to achieve giant voltage-induced deformation. It is hoped that the theory will aid in the creation of materials and devices.     

聚碳酸酯聚氨酯弹性体的模拟生物老化性能的研究

研究了聚碳酸酯聚氨酯的水解剂，氧化，钙化等生物老化性能，并与聚醚聚氨酯样品做了比较，结果表明，胺扩链样品具有较好的耐水解性能，聚碳酸酯氨酯的抗氧化性能优于聚醚聚氨酯，同了聚醚氨酯一样，聚碳酸酯聚氨酯同样受钙的影响，含水氯化钙对聚碳酸酯聚氨酯的相结构产生影响，并对弹性具有增强作用。     

Energy decay for the elastic wave equation with a local time-dependent nonlinear damping

In this paper, we shall investigate the decay property of the solutions to the initial-boundary value problem for the elastic wave equation with a local time-dependent nonlinear damping. We give some decay rate of the energy when the damping term is effective only in a neighborhood of a suitable subset of the boundary. The results obtained in this paper extend, in particular, the known results for the scalar wave equation.     

Radiation Vulcanization of Magnetorheological Elastomers Based on Silicone Rubber

The fabrication of magnetorheological （MR） elastomers was studied by two vulcanization methods, including heat vulcanization （HV） and radiation vulcanization （RV）, were employed to fabricate MRE samples. The dynamical mechanical properties were characterized by using a dynamic mechanic analyzer. In particular, both the MR effect and its durability were investigated. The experimental results showed that RV samples have large magnetoinduced modulus, large zero-field modulus, and good durability property of MR effect. To explain these results, cubic deformation and plasticizer migration were analyzed. Large magneto-induced modulus of RV sample results from cubic deformation during vulcanization process. And the plasticizer migration results in better durability of MR effect.     

ATR-FTIR研究超支化聚酯对PEG型聚氨酯弹性体的力学性能及形态的影响

为改善聚乙二醇(PEG)型聚氨酯弹性体的力学性能,将改性超支化聚酯(HBP)引入形成共混体系,利用衰减全反射傅里叶变换红外光谱(ATR-FTIR)研究了聚氨酯胶片的化学结构.结果表明,超支化聚酯对PEG型聚氨酯弹性体具有较好的增强增韧作用,当加入0.4%的第三代超支化聚酯时,聚氨酯弹性体的拉伸强度比空白胶片提高了2.5...     

电流变液与电-磁流变液的衍射特性

本文把电流变液装置作为反射光栅研究其衍射特性,首次提出由电场强度改变来调节光栅常数的概念.并讨论了同时外加电场与磁场的情况下,电磁流变液的衍射特性.