有机二元酸-水体系中In(OH)_3/In_2O_3微纳材料的制备与表征

本文利用系列有机二元酸-水体系作为制备In(OH)3纳米晶体介质,采用低温水热法成功制备了不同形貌和尺寸的In(OH)3为纳材料。利用扫描电镜(SEM)、透射电镜(TEM)、X-射线衍射(XRD)、傅立叶红外光谱仪(FT-IR)和拉曼光谱仪(Raman)等手段分别对材料的形貌、结构和物相等进行了表征与分析。实验结果表明,通过本研究方法,在己二酸水体系中可以得到较均一的尺寸在300-400 nm范围的In(OH)3球形粒子,而在癸二酸水体系中则得到棒状和片状混杂的In(OH)3纳米颗粒。样品在450°C条件下焙烧4 h后,可获得相应的具有良好形貌继承性的In2O3微纳材料。     

激光诱导击穿光谱法对钢中夹杂物类型的表征

激光诱导击穿光谱( LIBS)不仅可以对材料整体成分进行分析,还可进行微区及成分分布分析。本实验采用激光诱导击穿光谱对两牌号钢铁样品进行扫描分析,尝试对34CrNiMo6钢中的MnS夹杂物和重轨钢中的Si-Al-Ca-Mg复合夹杂物进行表征。结果表明,34CrNiMo6钢中元素信号的二维强度分布及元素通道合成后,个别位置Mn及S两元素的信号强度同时异常高,可确定试样中存在较多MnS夹杂物;重轨钢中元素的二维强度分布及元素通道合成后,个别位置Si、Ca、Mg及Al元素的信号同时异常高,可确定试样中存在Si-Al-Ca-Mg复合夹杂物。采用扫描电子显微镜/能谱法( SEM/EDS)对上述样品中夹杂物的对比分析结果表明,两种方法对夹杂物类型的判定结果一致。     

Intermetallic Pt2Si：magnetron-sputtering preparation and electrocatalysis toward ethanol oxidation

Although most transition metals have been tested as the promoter to Pt for electrocatalysis toward fuel cell reactions,semi-conductor elements,such as Si,have hitherto not been examined.Here we report a simple synthesis of intermetallic Pt2Si electrode using magnetron sputtering and the electrocatalysis toward ethanol oxidation reaction（EOR）.In comparison to Pt,the intermetallic Pt2Si surface turns out to be much more active in catalyzing the EOR：the onset potential shifts negatively by 150 mV,and the current density at 0.6 V increases by a magnitude of one order.Such an enormous enhancement in EOR catalysis is ascribed to the promotion effects of Si,which can not only provide active surface oxygenated species to accelerate the removal of COads,but also strongly alter the electronic property of Pt,as clearly indicated by the core-level shift in XPS spectrum.     

核壳结构Cu@CoW的合成和对硼氨配合物水解的催化性能

分别以硼氨配合物和硼氢化钠为还原剂合成了核壳结构的Cu@CoW三元合金催化剂和非核壳结构的CuCoW三元合金催化剂,25℃下,Cu0.4@Co0.5W0.1三元合金催化剂对于硼氨配合物水解反应的TOF(转换频率)值达到0.369 0 molH2·molcat-1·s-1,明显高于非核壳结构的Cu0.4Co0.5W0.1催化剂,接近Pt、Pd等贵金属的催化活性,反应的活化能为49 kJ·mol-1。与非核壳结构的CuCoW合金相比,核壳结构的Cu@CoW三元合金催化剂的催化性能及稳定性均有明显提高。     

二氢硫辛酸抗氧化性机理的理论研究

分别在B3LYP/6-31G(d,p)和B3LYP/6-311++G(d,p)水平下,对二氢硫辛酸及可能的解离途径中形成的自由基进行结构优化,采用S—H键解离焓(EBD)和分子的电离势(EIP)为理论指标,探讨了二氢硫辛酸可能的抗氧化性机理,并研究了溶剂(水和苯)效应的影响.结果表明,C(1)上S—H断裂形成的自由基b较易形成;以EBD和EIP为理论指标,可以较好的说明分子的抗氧化性及溶剂效应对抗氧化性的影响.随着溶剂的极性增加,EBD变化较小,而EIP则显著减小,表明溶剂效应对清除自由基的电子转移反应机理影响更大.分子最高占据轨道HOMO能级顺序与EIP数值所预测的抗氧化性顺序一致.     

Preparation of PdCo Bimetallic Hollow Nanospheres and its Electrocatalytic Activity for Oxidation of Formic Acid

The performance of the direct formic acid fuel cell (DFAFC) is considerably higher than the direct methanol fuel cell (DMFC) because of some characteristics of formic acid1. For example, formic acid is non-toxic. Formic acid has two orders of magnitude smaller crossover flux through a Nafion membrane than methanol2. In DFAFC, the concentration of formic acid can be as high as 20 mol/L, while the best concentration of methanol in DMFC is only about 2 mol/L3. Thus, the power density of …     

Zirconyl Chloride Promoted Highly Efficient Domino Synthesis of New 1, 2, 3, 4-Tetrahydroquinoline Derivatives in Water

The tetrahydroquinoline moiety is present in various natural products, and many tetra- hydroquinoline derivatives exhibit a broad range of biological activities1. Therefore, it has attracted continuous interest to develop methods for the synthesis of tetr…     

透氢钯复合膜的原理、制备及表征

钯及其合金膜由于具有透氢性好和耐高温的特点,除了用作氢气分离和纯化器外,还可以用作脱氢、制氢等反应的反应器,以实现反应和分离的一体化,并提高转化率和选择性。本文综述了钯基复合膜的原理、制备及表征,并重点介绍了本研究组的光催化镀膜工艺。     

Studies of the Methane Steam Reforming Reaction at High Pressure in a Ceramic Membrane Reactor

The effects of temperature and pressure on the steam reforming of methane 3H2+CO) were investigated in a membrane reactor (MR) with a hydrogen permeable membrane. The studies used a novel silica-based membrane prepared by using the chemical vapor deposition (CVD) technique with a permeance for H2 of 6.0×l0-8 mol·m-2·s-1·Pa-1 at 923 K. The results in a packed-bed reactor (PBR) were compared to those of the membrane reactor at various temperatures (773-923 K) and pressures (1-20 atm, 101.3-2026.5 kPa) using a commercial Ni/MgAl2O4 catalyst. The conversion of methane was improved significantly in the MR by the countercurrent removal of hydrogen at all temperatures and allowed product yields higher than the equilibrium to be obtained. Pressure had a positive effect on the hydrogen yield because of the increase in driving force for the permeance of hydrogen. The yield of hydrogen increased with pressure and reached a value of 73×10-6 mol·g-1·s-1 at 2026.5 kPa and 923 K which was higher by 108% than the value of 35×10-6 mol·g-1·s-1 obtained for the equilibrium yield. The results obtained with the silica-based membrane were similar to those obtained with various other membranes as reported in the literature.     

How can the Cross-Link Adducts Formed by Novel Trans Platinum Drug be Influenced by Hydrogen Bond

A systematic quantum chemical characterization of intrinsic structure, energies and spectral properties of all the studied cross-link adducts formed by the novel trans platinum with thiazole ligand has been carried out at B3LYP/6-31G^＊ level of theory with the Lanl2dz pseudo potential basis set for the Pt atom. Special attention has been paid to the relative stability of these complexes and the factors that probably alter the order of the relative stability. The important influence of hydrogen bond on the structures, the energies and the spectral property was revealed. Other factors that contribute to relative stability including solvation effect, entropy and electronic delocalization energy were taken into account. The stability energy of the whole complex, and the interaction energy between two purine bases and the [Pt-（NH3）thiazole]^2＋ group were adopted to study the interplay among subsystems and their contribution to relative stability of all the studied cross-link model. Finally, basic spectral properties of these complexes including H（8） chemical shifts of all the studied complexes and the VCD （vibrational circular dichroism） spectra of two pairs of GG chelate enantiomers, were provided in order to define the structure of the most possible duplex bearing novel trans platinum drug lesions.