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971.
An improved colorimetric method for chlorine dioxide and chlorite ion in drinking water using lissamine green B and horseradish peroxidase 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Pepich BV Dattilio TA Fair PS Munch DJ Gordon G Körtvélyesi Z 《Analytica chimica acta》2007,596(1):37-45
Lissamine Green B (LGB) was carefully selected as a potential candidate for the development of a new U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) method that is intended for use at water utilities to determine chlorine dioxide (ClO2) in drinking water. Chlorine dioxide reacts with LGB in aqueous solution to decrease the absorbance of LGB in direct proportion to the ClO2 concentration. LGB was confirmed to have adequate sensitivity, and to suffer less interference than other dyes reported in the literature. The stoichiometry for the reaction between LGB and ClO2 was found not to be 1:1 and is dependent on the LGB concentration. This required calibration of each LGB stock solution and prompted the investigation of alternate means of calibration, which utilized a horseradish peroxidase (HRP)-catalyzed conversion of chlorite ion (ClO2−) to ClO2. This approach allowed the simultaneous determination of ClO2− concentration, which is also required each day at water plants that use ClO2. Studies were conducted to characterize and carefully optimize the HRP-conversion of ClO2− to ClO2 in order to yield reaction conditions that could be accomplished in less than 30 min at modest cost, yet meet EPA's sensitivity and robustness requirements for routine monitoring. An assessment of method detection limit, linearity and slope (or sensitivity), precision, and accuracy in finished drinking water matrices indicated that this approach was suitable for publication as EPA Method 327.0. 相似文献
972.
Adsorption behavior of carbon dioxide confined in pillared clays is analyzed by using constant pressure Gibbs ensemble Monte Carlo (GEMC) method. In our simulation, 1-site and 3-site models are used to represent carbon dioxide. At the 1-site model, carbon dioxide is described as a Lennard-Jones (LJ) sphere, while at the 3-site model, carbon dioxide is modeled as a three-sites linear chain represented by EPM2 potential considering the quadrapolar effect. The potential model from Yi et al. for pillared clays is used to emphasize its quasi two-dimensional structure. Comparing the calculated results from the 1-site and the 3-site models at T=228.15 and 258.15 K, we observe that the adsorption amount from the two models is the same basically. However, the local density presents a significant difference, because the shoulder in the main peak near the wall from 3-site model can reflect the orientation of carbon dioxide. Accordingly, in the systematical investigation to explore the effect of porosity and pore width on the adsorption of carbon dioxide in pillared clays, the 3-site model was only used. We observe that for a narrow pore of H=1.02 nm, each isotherm shape displays type I curve, suggesting that it is not inflected by the porosity. However, for the larger pores of H=1.70 and H=2.38 nm, the increase of the porosity alters the shape of adsorption isotherms from a simple linear relation to the first order jump, indicating that the porosity is of very important factor to affect adsorption and phase behavior of fluids confined in pillared clays. The excess adsorptions of carbon dioxide at supercritical temperatures of T=323.15 and 348.15 K are also investigated. We find that the maximum exists for each excess isotherm, and the optimal pressure corresponding to the maximum increases with the pore width. However, the porosity has no significant effect on the optimal pressure. 相似文献
973.
974.
差分光学吸收光谱(DOAS)技术在烟气SO2监测中的应用 总被引:19,自引:0,他引:19
本文将差分光学吸收光谱(Differential Optical Absorption Spectroscopy,DOAS)技术中的浓度反演方法运用到烟气SO2监测中.利用SO2分子在300nm附近具有强吸收的特性,测量出烟气SO2的吸收光谱,用DOAS方法反演出SO2分子的浓度,消除了烟气中烟尘、水汽和其它成分的影响,使在线实时测量成为可能,在实验室内对几种SO2分子浓度样气进行了测量和浓度反演. 相似文献
975.
ZrO2添加方法对CuO-ZnO-ZrO2催化剂性能的影响 总被引:3,自引:1,他引:2
研究了ZrO2的两种加入法所得CuO-ZnO-ZrO2催化剂对CO2加H2合成CH3OH反应催化活性的影响,得到催化剂的最佳含量组成及各种操作条件下的活性规律。采用BET、XRD、TPR、XPS等手段对催化剂表面晶相组成、活性组分存在状态进行了探讨。 相似文献
976.
1870年,Royer使用Zn电极将CO2还原为HCOOH。近年来,人们对CO2在几十种金属电极上的电化学还原进行了深入的研究。但普遍存在的问题是CO2在金属电极上还原的过电位较大,导致耗电较多。 相似文献
977.
Neutral Red can be used as an indicator, a stain reagent or a mediator compound in the studies of biological redox systems. No reports dealing with the electrode process of Neutral Red, especially, about its kinetics have been published. In this paper we report the determinations of formal reduction potentials, the number of electrons transferred, diffusion coefficient as well as the rate constant of heterogeneous electron transfer 相似文献
978.
979.
二氧化碳氧化丙烷制丙烯催化反应的研究铬镁铝复合氧化物催化剂的制备、表面微量吸附量热及催化性能 总被引:9,自引:0,他引:9
以共沉淀法合成的铬镁铝类水滑石为前体,制备了一系列不同原子比的铬镁铝复合氧化物,研究了其对二氧化碳氧化丙烷制丙烯反应的催化性能.采用微量吸附量热技术,以CO2和NH3为探针分子定量地表征了样品表面酸碱中心的强度和数量,并与其催化性能进行了关联.结果表明,Cr:Mg:Al原子比为1:1:1的催化剂具有较大的比表面积(94.5m2/g),样品中Mg(Al1.5Cr05)O4物相的含量最多.样品表面存在数量较多强度较强的酸性中心和数量最少强度较弱的碱性中心,对NH3吸附,它的吸附热为145 kJ/mol,吸附覆盖度为3.55μmol/m2;对CO2吸附,它的吸附热为115kJ/mol,吸附覆盖度为0.063μmol/m2.该样品的催化活性最高,在温度为650℃,CO2/C3H8摩尔比为3.6,GHSV(C3H8)为3000 h-1时,C3H8的转化率为22.8%,C3H6的选择性为83.5%,收率为19.1%. 相似文献
980.
从超临界二氧化碳和甲醇直接合成碳酸二甲酯 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Dimethyl carbonate (DMC), an environmentally benign intermediate for organic synthesis, has been mainly synthesized through non-phosgene route of oxidative carbonylation[1]. Direct synthesis of DMC from carbon dioxide and methanol is of more significance due to atom economy. Organometallic compounds of formulae R2M(OR)2, M(OR)2 or M(OR)4[2,3] were employed as catalysts in direct synthesis of DMC, where an activation mechanism of CO2 insertion into metal-oxygen bond was supposed. Unfortunately, the yield of DMC was low even in the presence of chemical dehydrants because mainly of thermodynamic limit. 相似文献