简易法制备高量子产率荧光材料及其应用

选用柠檬酸和三乙烯四胺作为原料,在相对低温下(80 ℃),制备量子产率高达78%的荧光材料。 通过紫外吸收、荧光、傅里叶变换红外光谱仪(FTIR)、核磁共振波谱仪(NMR)等技术手段对该体系进行表征。 结果表明,该荧光材料属于非典型性荧光材料,其强荧光性可能源于体系中大量羰基的聚集。 这种高量子产率材料满足制备隐形墨水的要求,在图案化、防伪和光电子设备等领域具有潜在的应用前景。     

SYNTHESIS AND THERMAL PROPERTIES OF POLYBENZOXAZOLE FROM SOLUBLE PRECURSOR WITH HYDROXY-SUBSTITUTED POLYENAMINONITRILE

Aromatic polybenzoxazole (PBO) precursor, hydroxy-substituted polyenaminonitrile, was prepared by direct polycondensation of 1,4-bis(l-chloro-2,2-dicyanovinyl)benzene (CCB) and 4,6-diaminoresorcinol dihydrochloride (DAR) using pyridine and N,N-dimethylacetamide as condensing agent and solvent. The precursor has good solubility in polar aprotic solvent which is due to the strong dipolar nature of the main chain. The soluble precursor was subjected to thermal cyclization in an inert atmosphere to convert it into the corresponding PBO, which has its 5% weight loss temperature at 540℃ The fully cyclized PBO were characterized by FT-IR and TGA. The introduction of 10% mol 1,3,5-benzenetricarboxylic chloride (BTC) into the main chain not only has little effect on the solubility of PBO precursor but also raises its 5% weight loss temperature to 552℃ and char yield at 700℃ for the cyclized PBO with BTC.     

POLYMERIZATION OF A NEW SUBSTITUTED ACETYLENE BEARING A FURAN RING WITH PALLADIUM ACETYLIDE CATALYSTS

A substituted polyacetylene bearing a furan ring, poly(2-propynyl 2-furoate) (PPF), was synthesized for the first time with palladium acetylide complex catalysts in CHCl3 at 60℃ to give a soluble and stable polymer with a yield of ca.75%. Some features for polymerization of 2-propynyl 2-furoate are described and discussed. The resulting polymer was characterized by IR, GPC and ^1H-NMR analysis.     

偶氮型光致变色液晶树状大分子的量子产率、异构转化率和活化能研究

研究了化合物端基含36个己氧基偶氮苯介晶基元的二代(G2)光致变色液晶树状大分子在氯仿及四氢呋喃溶液中的量子产率、吸收光强Ia、活化能E、异构转化率A/A0、热回复异构化速率常数kH及其反/顺异构体组分比A′/A′0,并与一代光致变色液晶碳硅烷树状大分子(G1)及介晶基元化合物(M3)的光化学行为进行了比较.在氯仿及四氢呋喃溶液中的量子产率的顺序均为M3>G1>G2,吸收光强Ia在氯仿及四氢呋喃溶液中的顺序分别为G2>G1>M3(氯仿)和M3>G1>G2(四氢呋喃),在氯仿及四氢呋喃溶液中活化能的顺序均为M3>G2>G1,在氯仿及四氢呋喃溶液中热回复异构化速率常数kH的顺序均为G1>G2>M3,在热回复异构化反应中的反/顺异构体组分比A′/A0′在氯仿及四氢呋喃溶液中的顺序均为G2>G1>M3.     

Upper bound limit analysis of active earth pressure with different fracture surface and nonlinear yield criterion

Conventional calculations of static and seismic active earth pressures of soils on a retaining wall are formulated assuming the soils obeying a linear Mohr–Coulomb yield criterion. However, experimental evidences show that the strength envelopes of almost all geomaterials are nonlinear in nature over a wide range of normal stresses. In this paper, the strength envelope of the backfill behind a retaining wall is considered to follow a nonlinear yield criterion. A simple method is proposed for calculating the static and seismic active earth pressures acting against a retaining wall using a nonlinear yield criterion. This method is based on the upper bound theorem of limit analysis. Both translational and rotational fracture surfaces are employed in the formulation for calculating active earth pressures. Quasi-static representation of earthquake effects using a seismic coefficient concept is adopted for seismic active earth pressure calculations. Instead of using directly the actual nonlinear yield criterion, a linear Mohr–Coulomb yield criterion, which is tangential to the nonlinear yield criterion, is used to formulate the active earth pressure problem as a classical nonlinear programming problem. A nonlinear sequential quadratic programming algorithm is used to search for the maximum solution. In order to assess the validity of the proposed method, values of active earth pressures for different values of seismic coefficients and nonlinear parameters in the yield criterion are calculated and compared with solutions obtained using an extended Rankine’s active earth pressure theory. For the case of static active earth pressure, the upper bound solutions using the present method with a translational fracture surface are equal to the extended Rankine’s theoretical solutions and are slightly smaller than those obtained using the present method with a rotational fracture surface. For the case of seismic active earth pressure, numerical results obtained using the present method with a rotational fracture surface is very close to the extended Rankine’s theoretical solutions. A study is conducted to investigate the effects of the parameters in the nonlinear yield criterion on the active earth pressures.     

广义双剪应力准则角隅模型

本文将广义双剪应力准则变换为π平面和静水应力轴的柱坐标方程,然后将其角隅光滑化,得到了新的光滑、外凸的广义双剪应力准则角隅模型,研究结果表明,近年来作为光滑化Mohr-Coulomb理论提出的各种角隅模型,实际上并不是光滑化的Mohr-Coulomb理论,而是光滑化的广义双剪应力理论。     

50~250 keV质子入射SiC和Si靶时的电子发射特性研究

在中国科学院近代物理研究所兰州重离子加速器国家实验室测量了能量范围为50~250 keV 的质子入射碳化硅靶和硅靶表面的电子发射产额。实验结果发现,两种半导体靶材的电子发射产额随质子入射能量变化趋势均与作用过程中电子能损随质子入射能量的变化趋势相似。通过分析电子发射的能量来源,发现实验中电子发射产额主要由动能电子发射产额贡献,势能电子发射产额可以忽略不计。两种靶材的电子发射产额均近似地正比于质子入射靶材过程中的电子能损,比例系数B随入射能量略有变化。     

各向同性钢材的断裂模型和屈服模型

基于钢材断裂前必先屈服的基本事实, 以钢材断裂面为屈服面后继扩大直至材料完整性(连续性）发生破坏为假设, 以已有的屈服模型的共同特征为切入点, 建议了各向同性钢材在主应力空间的二次函数型断裂模型和屈服模型. 根据不同钢材的特征应力值, 量化了各向同性钢材的二次函数型断裂模型和屈服模型. 依据不同钢材的特征应力值的相互关系, 建议的各向同性钢材的二次函数型断裂模型和屈服模型相应地描述为主应力空间的圆柱面、椭球面、抛物面和双曲面. 建议的各向同性钢材的二次函数型断裂模型和屈服模型较已有的强度模型更具一般性.     

新型噻吩基取代卟啉的合成及其荧光光谱研究

合成了两种新型噻吩基卟啉－5，15－二（2－噻吩基）－2，8，12，18－四乙基－3，7，13，17－四甲基卟啉7a（45．1％）和5，15－二（2－联噻吩基）－2，8，12，18－四乙基－3，7，13，17－四甲基卟啉7b(61.2%),并研究了它们的光谱性质，其中荧光光谱的最大发射峰蜂都在631nm处，量子产率分别为4．1％（7a)和1．4％（7b)。     

Computer simulation of proton channelling in silicon

The channelling of 3 MeV protons in the 〈110〉 direction of silicon has been simulated using Vineyard model taking into account thermally vibrating nuclei and energy loss due to ion-electron interactions. A beam made up of constant energy particles but with spatial divergence has been simulated for the purpose. The values of the minimum scattering yield and half width of the channelling dip are shown to be depth sensitive and agree well with the measured values. The dependence of yield on the angle of incidence has been found to give information of all three types of channelling. The critical angles for the three types of channelling and wavelength of planar oscillations are consistent with the previous calculations.