材料二次电子产额对腔体双边二次电子倍增的影响

采用蒙特卡罗抽样与粒子模拟相结合的方法,数值研究了材料二次电子产额对腔体双边二次电子倍增瞬态演化及饱和特性的影响.研究发现:随着材料二次电子产额的增加,二次电子增长率以及稳态二次电子数目和振幅均呈现增加的趋势,放电电流起振时间逐步缩短,稳态电流幅值以及放电功率平均值和振幅值均呈现逐步增加并趋于饱和的规律,沉积功率波形延时以及脉宽呈现逐步增加并趋于饱和的趋势.粒子模拟给出了高/低二次电子产额情况下的电子相空间分布、电荷密度分布、平均碰撞能量、平均二次电子产额、二次电子数目和放电电流的细致物理图像.模拟结果表明:高二次电子产额材料,饱和时更倾向趋于单边二次电子倍增类型分布;低二次电子产额材料的二次电子倍增饱和特性由空间电荷场的"去群聚"效应和"反场"效应同时决定,而高二次电子产额材料的二次电子倍增饱和特性则主要是由发射面附近的强空间电荷场"反场"效应决定的.     

高电荷态离子129Xe29+与不同金属表面作用产生的X射线谱

研究了高电荷态离子129Xe29+入射金属Au、Mo、Be表面产生的特征X射线谱。实验结果表明,在入射离子的动能相同时,Au的Mα1-X射线产额比Mo的Lα1-X、Lα2-X、Lβ 1-X射线总产额高,特征X射线的产额随入射离子动能的增加而显著增加;不同动能的Xe29+入射金属Au、Mo、Be表面均未产生Xe的特征X射线。     

硅酸铋(BSO)晶体闪烁性能研究

报道对BSO晶体闪烁性能研究的若干结果. 包括晶体的激发光谱和荧光光谱、光产额、发光衰减时间和抗辐照能力等特性.     

铈掺杂钆镓铝石榴石相玻璃陶瓷的光学及光谱参数

根据X射线衍射图谱对铈掺杂的钆镓铝石榴石相玻璃陶瓷的晶体结构进行分析,采用直径10英寸积分球结合CCD(charge coupled device)探测器系统,对蓝色半导体发光二极管激发下铈掺杂钆镓铝石榴石相玻璃陶瓷的荧光光谱进行测试,解析出样品发光的绝对光谱功率分布,推导出光量子数分布,求得荧光量子产率和组合白光的色坐标及其相关色温。结果表明,所调查的铈掺杂钆镓铝石榴石相玻璃陶瓷在蓝光LED激发下的荧光量子产率为29.2%,所获得组合白光的色坐标x=0.319,y=0.349,相关色温为6 086K。尽管该混晶陶瓷的荧光量子产率稍小于铈掺杂YAG玻璃陶瓷,但其与蓝光LED组合后发光的色温也明显低于后者,从而为舒适型LED照明玻璃陶瓷的进一步优化提供了新思路。     

不锈钢管道低温溅射镀TiN薄膜技术

 设计了一套适用于加速器细长管道真空室的低温溅射镀TiN薄膜装置。利用该装置，对86 mm×2 000 mm的不锈钢管道真空室进行溅射镀TiN膜实验，并对镀膜实验结果进行分析，得到了适用于加速器管道真空室内壁溅射镀TiN膜的表面处理参数。样品测试结果表明：在压强为80～90 Pa、基体温度为160~180 ℃的镀膜参数下，不锈钢管道内壁获得的TiN薄膜最佳，薄膜沉积速率为0.145 nm/s。镀膜后真空室的二次电子产额明显降低。     

Pinning of cracks in two-dimensional disordered media

We study the statistics of crack pinning in two dimensions by experiments and simulations of directed polymers in random media. Mode I tensile tests on paper samples show a delocalization phenomenon as the notch length is varied if the fraction of cracks pinned to the notch is monitored. This is compared with the behavior of directed polymers in the presence of both an energetically favorable localized pinning center and bulk disorder. An analysis of the crack interface roughness indicates self-affine behavior with a roughness exponent ζ in the proximity of the minimum energy surface value 2/3. Received 4 April 2000 and Received in final form 10 October 2000     

~(129)Xe~(q+)激发Mo表面产生的X射线谱

研究了高电荷态离子129Xeq+(q=25,26,27)入射金属Mo表面产生的特征X射线谱.实验结果表明,在束流强度小于120nA条件下,高电荷态离子129Xeq+可以激发Mo的L壳层特征X射线谱.单离子X射线相对产额可达10-8量级,特征X射线的相对产额随入射离子的动能和电荷态(势能)的增加而增加.通过Mo原子的Lα1特征X射线谱,利用Heisenberg不确定关系对Mo原子的第M能级寿命进行了估算.     

Structural and luminescence properties of [Ln(ODA)(phen)·4H2O] complexes (Ln=Sm and Dy, ODA=oxydiacetate, phen=1,10-phenanthroline)

Two novel complexes of Sm(III) and Dy(III) with mixed oxydiacetate (ODA) and 1,10-phenanthroline (phen) ligands were synthesized and their structure and luminescence properties were characterized. The complexes of [Ln(ODA)(phen)·4H₂O]Cl·5H₂O [Ln=Sm and Dy] crystallize in the monoclinic space group P2₁/n with Sm: a=12.3401(14) Å, b=16.821(2), c=12.6847(11) Å, β=107.939(10)°, V=2505.0(5) Å³, Z=4 and ρ=1.841 mg/m³, and with Dy: a=12.289(7) Å, b=16.805(6) Å, c=12.705(4) Å, β=108.144(18)°, V=2493.4(19) Å³, Z=4 and ρ=1.786 mg/m³. The complexes of [Sm(ODA)(phen)·4H₂O]⁺ and [Dy(ODA)(phen)·4H₂O]⁺ excited by UV light produce orange red and lightly white emissions, respectively, via the nonradiative energy transfer from phen to the metals. The quantum yield of the sensitized luminescence of [Dy(ODA)(phen)·4H₂O]⁺ (Q=19%) is much greater than that of [Sm(ODA)(phen)·4H₂O]⁺ (Q=1.4%). The luminescence decay times of the complexes were in a few microsecond range and independent of temperature.     

The synthesis and fluorescence properties of novel chromenone-crown ethers

o-Dihyroxy-3-phenylchromenone derivatives, namely, 6,7-dihydroxy-3-(3′,4′-dimethoxyphenyl)chromenone and 6,7-dimethoxy-3-(3′,4′-dihydroxyphenyl)chromenone, were obtained from 2,4,5-trihydroxybenzaldehyde/3,4-dimethoxyphenylacetic acid and 2-hydroxy-4,5-dimethoxybenzaldehyde/3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid, respectively, in the presence of acetic anhydride and sodium acetate under an inert atmosphere, after treatment with MeOH/HCl(aq). The chromenone-crown ethers were prepared from cyclic condensation of o-dihydroxy-3-phenylchromenones with poly(ethylene glycol) ditosylates in the presence of CH₃CN/alkali metal carbonates. The chromatographically purified novel chromenone-crown ethers were identified by ¹H NMR, MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry and elemental analysis. The fluorescence and UV–vis spectroscopic properties of the obtained chromenone-crown ethers and their complexes with Li⁺, Na⁺ and K⁺ perchlorate salts were estimated in acetonitrile. The quantum yields of novel chromenone-crown ethers were determined by the comparative method.